UNIVERSITY  01- 

LOS  ANGELES 

SEP  23  1952 

LIBRARY 
GOVT.  PUBS.  ROOM 

United  States  Department  of  Agriculi! 

DIVISION  OF  PUBLICATIONS— CIRCULAR  i. 
[Revised  July  1,  1911.] 


ORGANIZATION  OF  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE,  1911. 

The  following  statement  has  been  brought  up  to  July  1,  1911.  It  shows  the 
organization  of  the  several  branches  of  the  department  as  furnished  by  the 
chiefs  of  bureaus,  divisions,  and  offices. 

Jos.  A.  ABNOLD, 

Editor  and  Chief. 
Approved. 

JAMES  WILSON,  , 

Secretary  of  Agriculture. 

WASHINGTON,  D.  C.,  July  1,  1911. 


OFFICE  OF  THE  SECRETARY. 

Secretary  of  Agriculture,  JAMES  WILSON. 

The  Secretary  exercises  personal  supervision  of  public  business 
relating  to  the  agricultural  industry.  He  appoints  all  the  officers 
and  employees  of  the  department  with  the  exception  of  the  Assistant 
Secretary  and  the  Chief  of  the  Weather  Bureau,  who  are  appointed 
by  the  President,  and  directs  the  management  of  all  the  bureaus, 
divisions,  offices,  and  the  Forest  Service,  embraced  in  the  department. 
He  exercises  advisory  supervision  over  agricultural  experiment  sta- 
tions which  receive  aid  from  the  National  Treasury;  has  control  of 
the  quarantine  stations  for  imported  cattle,  of  interstate  quarantine 
rendered  necessary  by  sheep  and  cattle  diseases,  and  of  the  inspection 
of  cattle-carrying  vessels,  and  directs  the  enforcement  of  the  meat- 
inspection  and  food  and  drugs  laws  under  which  the  inspection  of 
domestic  and  imported  food  products  is  carried  on.  He  is  charged 
with  the  duty  of  issuing  rules  and  regulations  for  the  protection, 
maintenance,  and  care  of  the  national  forest  reserves.  He  is  also 
charged  with  carrying  into  effect  the  laws  prohibiting  the  transpor- 
tation by  interstate  commerce  of  game  killed  in  violation  of  local  laws, 
and  excluding  from  importation  certain  noxious  animals,  and  has 
authority  to  control  the  importation  of  other  animals. 

The  law  establishing  the  department,  approved  May  15,  1862, 
outlines  the  most  important  features  of  the  work  in  the  following 
provisions : 

*  *  *  the  general  design  and  duties  of  which  [the  Department  of  Agri- 
culture] shall  be  to  acquire  and  to  diffuse  among  the  people  of  the  United 

1525— Cir.  1—11 1 


2  <>K<;AXl/.AT!"N     <H      PI  I'M,  I. Mi  1.    I!. I  Till. ,    I'.'ll. 

Stales  useful    inftiniiiitii.ii   mi  subjects  conneeied   \\iili  ;n:ri«-iilt  nre  in   the  most 
general  ami  eomprehen  ..i    ilr.i    word  and   to  procure,  propa  irate,  anil 

distribute  .-111111111;  tin-  people  nt-\v  .-uul  valuable  seeds  and  Mla'it>.     •      *     • 

*  *      *      tu  acquire  nnd  preserve  in   his  departme-it    all   ii.l»!  mat  i"ii  concern- 
ing agriculture  which  In-  can  obtain  l.y  means  of  liooks  and  correspondence  and 
by  practical  and  scientific  experiments   (accurate  records  of  \vhi.-li  experiments 
Hhnli    he   kept    in    his  otlicei.   by    tin-  collivtion   ol'   statistics,   and    l.y   any    other 
appropriate   means   within   his  power:    to  collect,   as  lie  may   l.e  alile,   new   and 
valuable  seeds  antl  plants;   lo  lest  by  ciilti\ation   the  \;i!ne  of  such  of  them  as 
may   require  sir-h   tests;    to   pn.p:  -a  it-   Mich   as   may   l.e  worthy  of   propagation, 
and  to  dislrilmte  them  anioiiir  agriculturists,     lie  shall  annually  make  a  -jcucral 
report   in  writing  of  his  acts  to  the  President  and  lo  ('•  •litres.-,  in  which  he  may 
recommend  (he  pnhlicat  ion  of  papers  forming  purls  of  or  accompanying  h 
port,  which  report  shall  also  contain  an  accoiinl   of  all  ni"ne\s  received  and  e\ 
ponded  l.y  him.      lie  shall  also  make  <pecial  reports  on  part  iciiiar  snt.jecis  when- 
ever repaired  to  do  so  l>y   tlie  President   or  either   House  of  rosiL'ress  or  when 
he  shall  think  (he  subject  In  his  charge  requires  it. 

Assistant  Secretary  of  .\ijriniHiiri.  WM.II  i    M.  H.VYS. 

The  A-si>t:int  Secretary  of  Agriculture  pcrfiinn--  -m-li  diitic-  M 
may  be  required  by  law  or  piv>rril><%<I  1>\  (lu-  Set-n-tary.  He  n!-<> 
becomes  the  Acting  Secretary  <>!'  Agriculture  in  the  absence  of  the 

Secretary. 

Chief  Clerk,   C.  C.  CI.ARK. 

The  chief  clerk  has  the  ireneral  supervision  of  die  clerks  ami  em- 
ployees; of  the  order  of  business  and  of  the  records  and  correspond- 
ence of  the  Secretary's  office;  of  all  expenditures,  from  appropriations 
for  contingent  expenses,  stationery,  etc.  lie  i-  rc-pon-iM'-  i'm-  the  en- 
forcement of  the  ireneral  regulations  of  (lie  department  and  is  eus- 
todian  of  the  buildings  occup:ed  by  the  Department  of  Agriculture. 

\li;:<>iiitiiinit  Clrrk,  K.  \V.  Itma  I 

The  appointment  clerk  is  charircd  l.y  the  Se.'i'elary  with  the 
decision  of  all  questions  nilWting  appointments,  iran-fer-,  promo- 
tions, reductions,  details,  furloughs,  and  removals  in  their  relation  to 
the  civil-service  law  and  reirulations  and  with  the  preparation  of 
all  papers  necessitated  thereby,  and  he  deals  with  all  nix-lions  affect- 
ing positions  in  the  classified  service.  He  ha>  charge  of  all  corre- 
spondence of  the  department  with  the  United  States  Civil  Service 
Commission  and  of  all  certificates  and  communication-  issued  by  that 
commission  to  the  department.  Ho  supervises  the  preparation  of 
all  documents  to  be  submitted  to  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  for 
hi->  -iirnatiire  in  making  appointments,  transfers,  promotions,  reduc- 
tions, furloughs,  and  removals  in  the  Department  of  Agriculture. 
He  is  the  rocorder  and  cu-todian  of  the  oaths  of  office  and  personal 
reports  of  all  persons  appointed  in  the  department  and  of  all  re- 
ports of  the  several  chiefs  of  bureaus,  divisions,  -md  ollin-.  n-pe.-t- 
ing  the  efficiency  of  the  -everal  rlerk>  and  emj)loyee~  under  their 
respective  >u pervision  in  the  department,  lie  ha-  the  .-u-tcMly  and 
use  of  the  department  seal.  , 

Chief  of  Supply  IHri*h,n.  Cvurs  B.  TX)\VEB. 

•  It    is  the  duty  of  the  chief  of  the  >upply  divi>i«m   to  m-i! 
purchases  of  ,-tationery  and  mi-cellaneon-  -upjilies  and  to  issue  the 


OFFICE  OF   SOLICITOR.  3 

same  on  requisitions  to  the  various  bureaus  and  divisions  of  the 
department;  to  receive  and  send  out  all  express  and  freight  ship- 
ments; and  to  receive  and  dispose  of,  by  sale  or  otherwise,  all  prop- 
erty turned  in  by  the  various  bureaus  and  offices  when  it  is  of  no 
further  use  to  them. 

OFFICE  OF  THE  SOLICITOR. 
GEORGE  P.  MCCABE,  Solicitor. 

The  Solicitor  is  charged  by  law  (act  of  Congress  approved  May  26,  1910), 
with  ''  the  supervision  and  direction  of  the  legal  work  of  the  Department  of 
Agriculture."  In  accordance  therewith,  the  Solicitor  acts  as  legal  adviser  to 
the  Secretary  and  has  charge  of  the  preparation  of  all  legal  papers  to  which 
the  department  is  a  party,  and  of  all  communications  to  the  Department  of 
Justice  and  to  the  various  officers  thereof,  including  United  States  attorneys; 
he  represents  the  department  in  all  legal  proceedings  arising  under  the  various 
statutes  intrusted  to  the  department  for  execution.  The  legal  work  of  all 
bureaus,  offices,  and  divisions  of  the  department,  including  all  matters  on  which 
legal  advice  is  necessary,  is  referred  to  him.  All  alleged  violations  of  the  acts 
for  the  protection  of  the  national  forests,  the  food  and  drugs  act,  the  animal 
quarantine  laws,  the  meat-inspection  law,  the  twenty-eight  hour  law,  the  insecti- 
cide act,  and  other  statutes  intrusted  to  this  department  for  execution,  are  re- 
ferred to  the  Solicitor  to  determine  the  action  to  be  taken  thereon  by  the  depart- 
ment. The  Solicitor  examines  and  approves,  in  advance  of  issue,  all  orders  and 
regulations  promulgated  by  the  Secretary  under  statutory  authority;  he  prose- 
cutes applications  of  employees  of  the  department  for  patents  to  be  dedicated  to 
the  public,  and  prepares  all  compilations  of  laws  in  which  the  department  is 
interested.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Food  and  Drug  Inspection. 

GENERAL  OFFICE  ADMINISTRATION.     ENFORCEMENT  OF  THE  TWENTY-EIGHT  HOUR 
LAW  ;  BRIEFS,  MEMORANDA,  AND  MISCELLANEOUS  CORRESPONDENCE. 

H.  J.  FEGAN,  assistant  to  the  Solicitor,  in  charge. 

This  section  is  charged  with  the  supervision  of  all  matters  in  connection  with 
the  twenty-eight  hour  law  (act  of  June  29,  1906),  including  the  preparation  of 
cases  arising  under  the  act  and  correspondence  with  the  Attorney  General  and 
United  States  attorneys  relative  thereto.  The  general  administrative  conduct 
of  the  office,  briefs  and  miscellaneous  correspondence,  are  also  handled  by  this 
section.  In  the  absence  of  the  Solicitor  on  official  business  the  assis  ant  in 
charge  of  this  section  acts  for  the  Solicitor,  and  is  in  general  charge  of  the  office. 

LAW  WORK  OF  THE  FOREST  SERVICE. 
R.  W.  WILLIAMS,  Jr.,  assistant  to  the  Solicitor,  in  charge. 

This  section  handles  all  the  legal  work  of.  the  Forest  Service  embraced  in  five 
clearly  defined  divisions,  as  follows: 

1.  Claims. — Comprising  the  litigation  incident  to  contests  in  the  General  Land 
Office  and  before  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  arising  out  of  claims  to  lands  in 
the  national  forests  under  homestead,  mineral,  and  other  laws. 

2.  Trespasses. — Comprising  the  examination  of  reports  and  recommendations 
of  the  officers  of  the  Forest  Service  in  trespass  cases  on  the  national  forests, 
for  the  purpose  of  determining  action  to  be  taken  by  the  Secretary ;  preparation 
of  cases  for  submission  to  the  Attorney  General ;  and  supervision  of  letters  pre- 
pared by  the  district  law  officers  reporting  to  the  Attorney  General  timber,  fire, 
fencing,  and  other  trespasses  on  the  national  forests. 

3.  Opinions. — Comprising  the  preparation  of  opinions  to  the  Forester  on  all 
legal  questions  arising  in  the  administration  of  the  Washington  office  of  the 
Forest  Service. 

4.  Review  of  opinions  of  the  axsixtnHtx  to  the  Solicitor  in  the  Field. — Com- 
prising review  for  approval,  modification,  disapproval,  and  final  draft  where 
necessary,  of  formal  written  opinions  of  the  district  law  officers  to  the  district 
foresters. 


4  OBGANIZATI  HCULTURE,  1911. 

5.  .l/j.vrr//«moiM.     Comprising,  in  part,  draft  of  contracts,  bonds,  stipnlati. 
niul  forms  minimi  in  the  administration  of  the  national  forests;   report*  to  the 
Secretary  on  proposed  action  liy  lilin  in  referei-.-e  in  use  :in«l  occupation  i-f  tin- 
national    foreMs;    preparation    of    leiiers    request  in;:    opinions   of    the    Attorney 

General  ami  C pt roller  of  the  Treasury  on  questions  arising  in  the  admini- 

tlon  of  the  national   forests;    supervision  of  correspondence  \vith   the  Attorney 

•:'l    in   all   matters   relating  to  the  administration   of  the   national    for- 
and  replies  to  inquiries  addressed  to  the  department   relative  to  le-al  q'i«  stious 
touchini:  the  national  forests. 

1   MORCEMKNT   OF   TMK    FOOD   AND   DRUOS   ACT. 

\V.  T.  JONES,  anHistant  to  the  Solicitor,  in  charge. 

This  section  of  the  office  has  charge  of  all  work  in  connection  with  tin 
nient  of  the  food  and  dniits  net  (act  of  June  30,  3900),  Including  the  ].  re],  a  rat  ion 
of  cases  arising  under  section  2  of  the  statute,  for  submission  to  the  Attorney 
General,  the  handling  of  seizures  under  section  10,  and  the  issuance  of  citations 
and  preparation  of  notices  of  judgment  under  section  4  of  the  same  act. 

CONTRACT  WOBK  ;  ENFORCEMENT  OF  THE  MEAT-INSPECTION  LAW  ;  PATENTS. 

C.  W.  BOYLE,  assistant  to  the  Solicitor,  in  charge. 

This  section  of  the  office  is  charged  with  the  drawing  of  all  agreements  and 
leases  to  which  this  department  is  a  party  and  with  renewals  of  the  same;  in 
addition  all  cases  arising  under  the  meat-inspection  law  are  prepared  by  the 
-taut  in  charge  for  submission  to  the  Attorney  General,  including  corre- 
spondence with  the  Attorney  General  and  with  United  States  attorneys  regard- 
ing the  same. 

This  section  also  has  charge  of  all  work  in  connection  with  the  prosecution 
of  applications  of  employees  of  the  department  for  patents,  to  be  dedicated  to 
the  public. 

ENFORCEMENT  OF  THK  ANIMAL  QUARANTINE  ACTS. 

O.  H.  GATES,  assistant  to  the  Solicitor,  in  charge. 

This  section  has  charge  of  all  cases  arising  under  the  acts  of  May  29,  1884, 
February  2,  1903,  and  March  3,  1905,  relative  to  the  importation,  exportation, 
and  interstate  transportation  of  diseased  live  stock,  for  transmission  to  the 
Attorney  General,  including  correspondence  with  the  Attorney  General  and 
United  States  attorneys  regarding  the  same,  together  with  the  supervision  of  all 
orders  issued  by  the  Secretary  from  time  to  time  defining  or  referring  to  quar- 
antine for  diseases  of  live  stock. 

ENFORCEMENT  OF  THE  INSECTICIDE  ACT. 
P.  D.  CRONIN,  assistant  to  the  Solicitor,  in  charge. 

This  section  of  the  office  has  charge  of  all  work  in  connection  with  the  enforce- 
ment of  the  insecticide  act  ot  April  26,  1910,  including  the  preparation  of  cases 
arising  under  section  2  of  the  statute,  for  submission  to  the  Attorney  General, 
the  handling  of  seizures  under  section  10,  the  examination  of  guaranties  filed 
under  section  9,  and  the  issuance  of  citations  and  preparation  of  notices  of 
judgment  under  section  4  of  the  same  act. 

FILE  ROOM. 
L.  H.  GREEN,  in  charge. 

This  section  has  charge  of  the  files  of  this  office  and  also  receives,  sends  out, 
and  handles  the  mail. 

STENOGRAPHIC  SECTION. 

HARRISON  F.  FITTS,  in  charge. 

This  section  is  charged  with  the  stenographic  and  typewriting  work  of  the 
office. 


WEATHER  BUREAU.  5 

ASSISTANTS  TO  THE  SOLICITOR,  STATIONED  IN  THE  FIELD. 

W.  C.  HENDERSON,  G.  E.  TROWBBIDGE,  BLAKE  FRANKLIN,  R.  F.  FEAGANS    W   D 
STALEY,  H.  P.  DECHANT,  H.  H.  CLARKE,  J.  F.  LAWSON,  J.  O.  SETH,  D.'  F! 

MCGOWAN. 

Branches  of  the  office  of  the  Solicitor  are  located  at  Missoula,  Mont ;  Port- 
laud,  Oreg. ;  Ogden,  Utah ;  San  Francisco,  Cal. ;  Denver,  Colo.,  and  Albuquerque 
N.  Mex.  There  are  two  assistants  to  the  Solicitor  stationed  at  each  office 
with  the  exception  of  San  Francisco  and  Ogden,  at  each  of  which  there  is  one 

Distant  to  the  Solicitor  at  present.  These  offices  were  established,  in  the  be- 
ginning, for  the  handling  of  legal  work  of  the  Forest  Service  in  the  field  The 
istauts  to  the  Solicitor  are  the  legal  advisers  of  the  district  foresters;  in 
addition,  they  now  handle  such  local  legal  work  of  the  Department  of  Agri- 
culture as  may  be  assigned  by  the  Solicitor. 

THE  WEATHER  BUREAU. 

Chief,  WILLIS  L.  MOORE  ;  Assistant  chief,  HENRY  E.  WILLIAMS  ;  Chief  clerk  and 
executive  assistant,  DANIEL  J.   CARROLL. 

The  Chief  of  the  Weather  Bureau,  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary  of 
Agriculture,  has  charge  of  the  forecasting  of  the  weather;  the  issue  and  dis- 
play of  weather  forecasts,  and  storm,  cold  wave,  frost,  and  flood  warnings  for 
the  benefit  of  agriculture,  commerce,  and  navigation ;  the  gauging  and  reporting 
of  river  stages;  the  maintenance  and  operation  of  the  United  States  Weather 
Bureau  telegraph  and  telephone  lines;  the  collection  and  transmission  of 
_mariue  intelligence  for  the  benefit  of  commerce  and  navigation ;  the  reporting 
of  temperature  and  rainfall  conditions  for  the  corn,  wheat,  cotton,  sugar,  rice, 
and  other  interests;  the  distribution  of  meteorological  information  in  the  in- 
terests of  agriculture  and  commerce,  and  the  taking  of  such  meteorological 
observations  as  may  be  necessary  to  establish  and  record  the  climatic  condi- 
tions of  the  United  States,  or  as  are"  essential  for  the  proper  execution  of  the 
foregoing  duties.  In  the  absence  of  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  and  the  As- 
sistant Secretary  he  becomes  Acting  Secretary  of  Agriculture. 

For  the  purpose  of  making  its  daily  atmospheric  survey,  the  Weather  Bureau 
maintains  a  central  office  in  Washington  and  about  200  subordinate  stations  in 
various  portions  of  the  United  States,  including  Alaska  and  Hawaii,  and 
throughout  the  West  Indies.  In  addition  to  these  it  receives,  through  the  cour- 
tesy of  the  Governments  concerned,  daily  telegraphic  reports  of  observations 
made  in  Canada  on  the  north,  Mexico  on  the  south,  in  the  Azores  and  Iceland, 
along  the  western  coast  of  Europe,  in  European  and  Asiatic  Russia,  and  in 
China,  Japan,  and  the  Philippine  Islands,  thus  covering  within  its  field  of 
observation  practically  the  whole  of  the  inhabited  portions  of  the  North 
American  Continent,  and  the  North  Atlantic  Ocean,  western  and  northern 
Europe,  and  northern  and  eastern  Asia. 

The  assistant  chief,  under  the  direction  of  the  chief  of  bureau,  has  the  super- 
vision of  matters  pertaining  to  the  personnel  of  stations,  such  as  appointments, 
promotions,  details,  and  assignments,  the  instruction  in  station  duties  of  newly 
appointed  assistant  observers  assigned  to  the  central  office  for  that  purpose, 
and  of  such  other  matters  as  are  not  specifically  assigned  to  the  various  divi- 
sions. In  the  absence  of  the  chief  of  bureau  he  performs  the  duties  of  that 
official. 

In  addition  to  the  duties  imposed  by  the  statutes  on  bureau  chief  clerks, 
the  chief  clerk  and  executive  assistant  of  the  Weather  Bureau  performs  the 
duties  of  the  assistant  chief  in  the  absence  of  that  official,  and  in  the  absence 
of  both  the  chief  and  assistant  chief  he  assumes  charge  of  the  bureau.  He 
controls  all  disbursements  payable  from  the  contingent  fund  and  is  charged 
with  the  care  and  preservation  of  the  Weather  Bureau  buildings  and  grounds 
in  Washington,  D.  C.  He  has  supervision  of  the  heat,  light,  and  power  plants, 
electrical  work,  the  carpenter  shop,  the  drafting  room,  and  the  United  States 
Capitol  and  Union  Station  weather-map  stations.  He  has  direct  charge  of  all 
mechanics  and  employees  not  assigned  to  divisions,  including  the  supervision 
of  the  watch  force  and  the  general  messenger  and  labor  service.  He  inspects 
and  passes  upon  all  requests  for  printing  and  binding,  and  is  the  custodian  of 
nil  administrative  papers  and  of  papers  and  records  relating  to  the  personnel 
of  the  bureau. 


6  OBUAXIXATIMN    .»K    I  •!  .1 '  A  I;  I  .M  I   N  |     Of    A'.IIH   I   LTURE,   1911. 

IMMSION    OF   OOSEBVATIONS   AND   REPOBTS. 

HKNHY  I.  HI:ISKELL,  in  charge. 

Tli.-  duties  of  this  iiivisiiin  include  Hi,,  subdivisions  of  U  it  :md  marine 

orological  s.-rvices. 

•linn.— This  section   receives  and  .-barls  i  ,i,ic 

t    Hi.-   prevailing   weather  conditions  throughoui    il,. 

tii.ii.     From  tii,-  observations  thus  charted  the  1-1 nsi  ..m.-i.-.i  ,  tate- 

ineni    of  Impending  weather  changes  in  all   parts  of  the  .-..uuiry.   indiidim:  ih,- 

iln-  seacoasts,  aii.l  the  North  Atlantic  steamer  route  as  far  e 
!   as   the  (Jranil    Hanks.      In   the  case  of  sever,,  disturbances  war 
>!.   11. •»   only   to  tin-   regular  Weather    ! :  :,tions  alon-  the   Lakes  !in,i 

seacoast.    Inn    also    to    :i|,,,n:  ial    storm-warning   stations  ...sser 

ports  nnd  at  exposed  points  visible  from  the  fairway  oi  ,.  forecast 

official  nlso  issues  warning  of  approaching  .-oh!  wav'es  and  lieavy  snows  in 
winter   WftKH)    and   of   frost    in    the   sprint,'   and    fall   months.    qiecUU    attention 
being  Riven  to  the  needs  of  truck  farmers  in  the  Gnlf  and  Smith  Atlatr 
the  cranberry  growers  of  Wisconsin.   New  Jersey,  and   Massarhnsetis.  and   the 
frnit  growers  of  Florida.  California,  nnd  the  Central  and  Northwestern  States. 

This  section  has  charge  of  the  general  distribution  o{  the  weather 
nnd   the  special   warnings  of  cold   waves,   frosts,   and   severe  local    storms,   by 
telegraph  at  Government  expense,  and  of  the  trratuitmis  diss-minati...,  ,,f  :,ii 
such   information  'iy  telephone,   telegraph,   railway  train  and   telegraph  -.-nice. 
regular   mail    service,   and    rural    delivery.      It    bill  rfon    of    th-    -iorm- 

waming  display  stations  on  thc>  Croat  Lakes  and  the  Atlantic.  Pacific,  and  Culf 
coasts,  the  stations  displaying  tlau's  representing  the  daily   weather 
and  a  number  of  special  meteorological  stations  in  the  I'nit.-d  stat.-. 

This  section  also  co'nducts  special  studies  that  apply  to  the  problem  of 
weather  forecasting.  It  also  has  supervision  over  the  commercial  maps  pub- 
lished in  the  papers  and  the  lar:ro  -lass  maps  made  at  the  stations. 

The  marine  section.— This  section  collates  from  the  reports  of  vessels  of  war 
or  commerce,  or  other  sailing  craft,  all  meteorological  and  physical  informa- 
tion pertaining  to  the  oceans  ami  Croat  Lakes:  plots  the  data  (preuure,  tem- 
perature, wind,  nnd  weather)  on  daily  synoptic  charts  for  study  and  for  the 
preparation  of  monthly  summary  charts  for  use  in  tracing  the  atmos;.; 
conditions  from  continent  to  continent:  collects  and  compiles  in  tabular  form 
the  meteorological  data  just  mentioned  for  use  in  the  preparation  «.f  the 
monthly  meteorological  charts  of  the  Atlantic  and  Pacific  Oceans  and  the  Creat 
Lakes,  issued  by  the  Weather  Bureau,  and  also  of  the  monthly  pilot  <  ha: 
the  same  oceans,  published  by  the  Hydrographic  Office,  Navy  I»epartm.  nr. 
The  normal  pressure  and  temi»orature.  wind  roses  showing  the  direction  ami 
force  of  the  prevailing  winds  for  all  coast  stations  and  each  5°  square  of  lati- 
tude and  longitude,  and  the  percentage  of  fogs  and  gales  are  portrayed  on  these 
charts.  This  work  necessitates  the  collection  of  reports  from  ii.4nn  cooperating 
marine  observers,  embracing  a  large  percentage  of  the  merchant  and  naval 
service  of  every  seafaring  nationality:  checking  and  acknowledging  the 
receipt  of  about  12,000  reports  and  the  distribution  of  the  forms  for  recording 
the  data:  and  the  supervision  of  23  distributing  centers  on  the  Atlantic.  <;ulf. 
and  Pacific  coasts,  and  at  San  Juan,  Porto  Rico,  and  Honolulu.  Hawaii,  and  1!» 
stations  on  the  Great  Lakes. 

The   section    is   charged    with   the    supervision    of   the   win  _:-aphic 

weather  service  of  the  Atlantic  and  Pacific  coasts,  the  inauguration  of  which 
service  on  the  Pacific  coast,  and  the  utilization  of  the  weather  reports  from 
United  States  transports  en  route  from  San  Francisco  to  the  Phillipin. 
the  Weather  Bureau  official  at  San  Francisco  and  from  vessels  in  the  Alaskan 
trade  by  the  official  at  Portland.  Oreg..  may  prove  of  great  value  in  fore,  asting 
the  weather  conditions  of  that  section.  Advantage  is  also  taken  of  the  service 
In  getting  rejxirts  by  wireless  from  vessels  during  the  hurricane  season.  It 
also  snjiervises  the  marine  reporting  service  at  the  telegraphic  COflSl  stations 
on  the  Atlantic  and  Pacific  coasts,  including  the  reporting  at  the  recipient's 
expense,  to  all  parties  requesting  it.  information  of  all  passim:  vessels,  and  of 
wrecks,  marine  disasters,  and  other  casualties,  and  the  transmission  of  all 
communications  between  masters,  owners,  underwriters,  and  others  concerned. 
During  the  past  fiscal  year  these  stations  reported  the  passing  of  27.539 
vessels. 


WEATHER   BUREAU.  < 

RIVER  AND  FLOOD  DIVISION. 
HARRY  C.  FRANKENFIELD,  in  charge. 

As  the  name  implies,  this  division  is  concerned  with  the  rivers  of  the  United 
States.  In  tiiiics  of  average  or  low-water  stages  its  business  is  to  facilitate 
commerce  by  giving  information  as  to  future  stages  of  water  along  the  navigable 
rivers;  its  chief  function,  however,  is  the  issuance  of  flood  warnings  in  times  of 
threatened  danger  to  life  and  property  along  the  rivers,  whether  navigable  or 
otherwise.  There  are  384  special  river  stations  along  the  rivers  of  the  country, 
in  addition  to  61  regular  Weather  Bureau  stations  where  river  observations  are 
taken.  There  are  also  112  special  rainfall  stations  maintained  in  the  various 
watersheds.  This  division  also  has  charge  of  the  gathering  of  information  as 
to  the  depth  of  snowfall  in  the  mountains  of  the  West,  for  a  study  of  the  flow 
of  water  in  the  streams  supplying  the  great  irrigation  projects  in  those  regions, 
and  of  the  study  of  the  rate  of  evaporation  from  ponds  and  lakes,  in  the  interest 
of  water  storage  for  irrigation,  power  development,  or  navigation. 

THE  CLIMATOLOGICAL  DIVISION. 
P.  C.  DAY,  in  charge. 

This  division  has  supervision  over  more  than  3,500  cooperative  stations,  from 
which  are  collected  daily  observations  of  temperature,  precipitation,  and  other 
meteorological  conditions  necessary  to  establish  a  history  of  the  climate  of  the 
various  portions  of  the  United  States,  and  over  the  publication  of  the  data  in 
monthly  and  annual  summaries. 

The  records  from  the  cooperative  stations  and  the  full  meteorological  reports 
from  the  regular  stations  of  the  bureau  are  permanently  filed  in  this  division, 
which  prepares  from  these  the  tabular  climatic  data  for  the  annual  report  of 
the  chief  of  bureau,  the  principal  tables  and  charts  of  the  Monthly  Weather 
Review,  and  such  papers  on  the  climatology  of  the  various  portions  of  the 
country  as  are  necessary  to  meet  the  public  needs.  It  also  furnishes  certified 
copies  of  weather  records  for  use  in  courts,  and  general  meteorological  and 
climatological  data  required  by  individuals  for  business,  health,  or  other  reasons. 

This  division  has  charge  of  the  collection  of  weather  information  from  numer- 
ous correspondents  during  the  seasons  of  planting,  growth,  and  harvest,  and  of 
the  dissemination  of  the  same  by  the  issuance  of  bulletins,  or  otherwise. 
Special  attention  is  given  to  the  corn,  wheat,  cotton,  sugar,  and  rice  interests, 
daily  bulletins  of  weather  conditions  being  issued  during  the  season  in  the  dis- 
tricts where  these  crops  are  largely  grown.  It  also  collects  and  publishes  weekly 
during  the  winter  months  data  showing  the  depth  of  snow  on  the  ground  and 
the  thickness  of  ice  in  rivers  and  harbors. 

This  division  also  has  charge  of  the  barometry  of  the  United  States,  and  the 
preparation  of  the  normals  of  pressure,  temperature,  vapor  pressure,  precipita- 
tion, etc.;  and  of  the  interbureau  cooperation  between  the  Weather  Bureau, 
Reclamation  Service,  water-resources  branch  of  the  Geological  Survey,  Forest 
Service,  and  the  Bureau  of  Plant  Industry,  in  the  study  of  problems  of  mutual 
interest.  • 

This  division  also  has  supervision  of  special  meteorological  stations  estab- 
lished for  the  purpose  of  securing  telegraphic  reports  for  use  in  making  daily 
forecasts. 

The  official  in  charge  of  the  climatological  division  is  the  editor  or  tne 
Monthly  Weather  Review,  which  contains  text,  charts,  and  statistical  tables 
illustrating  the  dominant  weather  conditions  of  each  month,  a  brief  statement 
of  the  forecasts  of  storms  and  floods,  a  climatological  summary,  special  contribu- 
tions relative  to  meteorology,  and  a  list  of  recent  papers  bearing  on  the  work 
of  the  bureau,  or  added  to  its  library. 

The  work  of  examining  the  various  meteorological  reports,  daily,  monthly, 
and  anual,  excepting  those  pertaining  wholly  to  marine  work,  is  performed  in 
this  division. 

THE  INSTRUMENT  DIVISION. 

CHARLES  F.  MARVIN,  in  charge. 

The  instrument  division  is  charged  with  the  equipment  of  stations  with  the 
instruments  required  and  used  in  the  making  of  meteorological  observations. 

The  instruments  are  purchased  under  detailed  specifications  emanating  from 
the  division,  and  before  issue  to  stations  are  thoroughly  tested  and  adjusted  so 


8  M|:<;.\M/.VIIn.\    <>l     M  I'AKl  Ml  \T   OF  AGRI«  I'M  ri;h, 

(li.it   their  errors  become  known  nnd  their  indications  are  made  certain  and 
reliable. 

All  si.ition  tiihVials  are  dinvtcd  :m«i  instructed  in  detail  in  regard  to  the 
exposure  and  installation  of  instruments,  in  order  t..  i.-ike  due  account  of  local 
conditions. 

The  record  sheets,  from  the  automatic  instruments  especially,  as  mad.-  at 
stations,  are  critically  Inspected  to  ascertain  not  only  whether  the  instruments 
are  rendering  proper  service,  hut  as  well  to  determine  whether  the  obscr 
fully  understand  and  care  for  their  maintenance  and  proper  operation 

The  division  is  also  chaged  with  the  engineering  details  in  connection  with 
the  equipment  of  the  storm-warning  stations  with  steel  towers  for  the  display  of 
flags  and  electric  and  oil-burning  lanterns,  and  with  the  maintenance  of  the 
seismographs  installed  at  the  central  ..[lice  in  Washington,  and  th-  reduction  of 
records  obtained  therefrom. 

Tlir  Ti  i  M.ii\ni   DIVISION. 
THEODORK  T.  MOORE,  chief. 

The  Telegraph  Division  is  charged  with  the  receipt  and  transmission  of  all 
telegrams,  the  arrangement  and  control  of  telegraph  circuits,  the  maintenance 
and  repair  of  United  States  Weather  Bureau  telegraph  and  telephone  lines  and 
submarine  cables,  and  the  examination  of  all  telegraph  accounts. 

THE  LIBRABY. 
CHARI.KS  F.  TAI.MAN.  libniri<n>.  in  r!i<ir>i<  . 

The  library  of  the  Weather  Bureau  contains  about  30,000  books  and  pam- 
phlets. It  Includes  standard  works  of  reference  and  technical  books  on  meteor- 
ology and  allied  sciences  for  the  use  of  Weather  Bureau  officials  in  Washington 
and  elsewhere,  and  a  very  complete  file  of  the  publications  of  meteorological 
and  climatological  services  in  all  parts  of  the  world.  Especial  attention  is  paid 
to  the  collection  and  classification  of  climatological  data  from  distant  regions, 
constant  demands  for  which  are  received  from  officials  in  the  different  bureaus 
of  the  department  as  well  as  from  the  public  through  correspondence. 

A  catalogue  is  prepared  of  the  meteorological  contents  of  all  the  principal 
scientific  periodicals  of  the  world,  including  proceedings  and  transactions  of 
societies.  Lists  of  recent  books  and  papers  bearing  on  meteorology  are  com- 
piled for  publication  in  the  Monthly  Weather  Review.  Abstracts  of  recent 
literature  and  notes  on  the  progress  of  meteorology  at  home  and  abroad  are 
also  contributed  to  the  Review. 

The  librarian  also  has  supervision  over  the  collection  of  text  and  reference 
books  allowed  each  local  office  of  the  Weather  Bureau,  and  has  charge  of  the 
examinations  for  promotion  In  the  Weather  Bureau. 

THE  PUBLICATIONS  DIVISION. 
JOHN  P.  CHURCH,  chief. 

This  division  is  charged  with  the  printing  and  mailing  of  the  daily  weather 
map  and  the  various  charts  and  miscellaneous  printed  matter  pertaining  to.  the 
Weather  Bureau,  and  with  the  custody  and  distribution  of  station  forms. 

THE  DIVISION  OF  SUPPLIES. 
UOBKRT  SKYROTH,  chief. 

This  division  is  charged  with  the  purchase  and  issue  of  supplies  and  the  safe- 
keeping of  all  public  property  belonging  to  the  Weather  Bureau. 

ACCOUNTS. 

[Division  of  accounts  and  disbursements,  Weather  Bureau  branch.] 
KIM.AK  P..  < 'MVKIIT,  in  charge. 

The  division  of  accounts  audits,  adjusts,  and  prepares  for  payment  all  ac- 
counts and  claims  against  the  Weather  Bureau;  prepares  advertisements; 


WEATHER   BUREAU. 


9 


issues  requests  for  passenger  transportation ;  prepares  the  annual  estimates  of 
appropriations;  transacts  all  business  relating  to  the  financial  interests  of  the 
Weather  Bureau ;  and  supervises  the  construction  of  Weather  Bureau  buildings 
outside  of  Washington,  including  repairs  thereto. 

MOUNT  WEATHER  METEOROLOGICAL  RESEARCH  OBSERVATORY. 

(Mount  Weather,  Va.) 
ALFRED  J.  HENRY,  in  charge. 

The  purpose  of  this  observatory  is  to  carry  on  an  extensive  system  of  obser- 
vations and  experiments  along  the  line  of  meteorological  research.  The  work 
will  include  the  exploration  of  the  atmosphere  to  altitudes  of  3  to  10  miles  by 
means  of  kites  and  balloons:  research  in  the  allied  subjects  of  solar  radiation, 
atmospheric  electricity,  the  ionization  of  gases,  radio-activity,  etc. ;  the  discus- 
sion of  meteorological  observations  from  the  point  of  view  of  their  relation  to 
solar  physics,  and  the  selection  of  meteorological  nnd  magnetic  elements  and 
their  comparisons  with  solar  observations.  At  this  institution  the  Weather 
Bureau  will  have  the  most  approved  apparatus  for  measuring  atmospheric  elec- 
tricity magnetism,  and  solar  radiation.  The  results  of  these  observations  and 
experiments  will  be  described  in  the  Bulletin  of  the  Mount  Weather  Observatory, 
a  publication  devoted  to  a  consideration  of  the  more  advanced  problems  of 
meteorology. 

WEATHER  BUREAU  STATIONS  AND  WORK  OUTSIDE  OF  WASHINGTON,  D.  C. 

In  the  performance  of  the  duties  imposed  upon  it  by  the  organic  act  the 
Weather  Bureau  maintains  throughout  the  United  States,  in  the  West  Indies, 
and  in  Hawaii  200  meteorological  stations  employing  from  1  to  10  men  each. 
At  these  stations  regular  meteorological  observations  are  token  and  tele- 
graphed, meteorological  data  recorded  and  tabulated,  and  the  forms  and  publi- 
cations necessary  to  the  effective  distribution  of  the  forecasts,  warnings,  and 
climatological  data  prepared  and  issued. 

For  forecast  purposes  the  United  States  is  divided  into  districts  comprising: 
<1)  The  Upper  Mississippi  Valley  and  the  Northwest,  Henry  J.  Cox,  Chicago, 
111.,  in  charge.  (2)  Louisiana,  Texas,  Arkansas,  and  Oklahoma,  Isaac  M.  dine, 
New  Orleans,  La.,  in  charge.  (3)  Utah,  Colorado,  New  Mexico,  and  Arizona, 
Frederick  H.  Brandenburg,  Denver,  Colo.,  in  charge.  (4)  California  and 
Nevada,  Alexander  G.  McAdie,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  in  charge.  (5)  Washing- 
ton. Oregon,  and  Idaho,  Edward  A.  Beals,  Portland,  Oreg.,  in  charge.  (6)  The 
remainder  of  the  United  States,  forecaster  on  duty,  Washington,  D.  O.,  in 
charge.  At  the  first  three  of  the  stations  named  morning  forecasts  only  are 
prepared  and  distributed;  at  the  last  three,  both  morning  and  evening  forecasts. 

For  purposes  of  inspection  the  United  States  is  divided  into  two  inspection 
districts,  designated,  respectively,  the  eastern  district,  which  includes  the 
region  to  the  east  of  the  Mississippi  River  and  all  Weather  Bureau  stations  on 
that  river,  and  the  western  district,  comprising  the  remainder  of  the  United 
'  States  The  inspectors  of  the  Weather  Bureau  are  Norman  B.  Conger  and 
Henry  B.  Hersey,  with  headquarters  at  Detroit,  Mich.,  and  Milwaukee,  Wis., 
respectively. 

For  the  collection  and  distribution  of  climatoloirieal  data  and  information 
relating  to  current  weather  conditions,  the  United  States,  including  Porto  Rico 
and  Hawaii,  is  divided  into  44  local  sections,  which,  with  the  names  of  the 
officials  in  charge  and  the  section  centers,  are  as  follows: 


Alabama,  Patrick  H.  Smyth,  Mont- 
gomery. 

Arizona,  Lewis  N.  Jesunofsky,-  Phoe- 
nix. 

Arkansas,  Henry  F.  Alciatore,  Little 
Rock. 

California,  Alexander  G.  McAdie,  San 
Francisco. 

Colorado.  Frederick  H.  Brandenburg, 
Denver. 


Florida,  Alexander  J.  Mitchell,  Jack- 
sonville. 

Georgia,  Charles  F.  von  Herrmann, 
Atlanta. 

Hawaii,  William  B.  Stockman,  Hono- 
lulu. 

Idaho,  Edward  L.  Wells.  Boise. 

Illinois,  Clarence  J.  Root,  Springfield. 

Indiana,^  Verne  H.  Church,  Indianap- 
olis. 


10          ORGANIZAT!  DEPARTMENT    01   A«;itu  n.li  1:1.. 


Iowa,  George  M.  ch.ipi*-'.  i  »es  M 

K:ins:is,   Thorp  I'..   .Jeim  . Ua. 

Kentucky.    Ferdinand   .1.    Wai/..    1 
vlllo. 

Louisiana.  ML     GUM;     New     Or- 

leans. 

Maryland    :ui(l    Delaware     William    II. 
Alexander,    Baltimore,   Md. 

Michigan,  Charles  F.  Schneider.  (Jrand 
Uaplds. 

Minnesota,  Ulysses  c,.  I'iirssell,  Minne- 

M  polls. 

Mississippi,    James    H.    Scott.     \ 
burg. 

>nri.  George  Keeder,  Columbia. 

Montana,  K.  Frank  Young,  Helena. 

Nebraska,    George   A.    Loveland.    Lin- 
coln. 

Nevada,  Henry  F.  Alps,  Reno. 

New  England,  John  W.  Smith,  Boston, 
Mass. 

New  Jersey,  Lev!  A.  Judkins.  Atlantic 
City. 

New  Mexico,  Charles  E.  Linney.  Santa 
Fe. 

NYw  York.  Wilforcl  M.  Wilson,  Ithaca. 

North  Carolina,  Lee  A.   Denson.  Ra- 
leigh. 


North    Kakota.  <  'rris    W.    K..I, 

marck. 

ohi...   .1.    Warn-n   Smith,  Columbus. 
Oklahoma,     J.     I'emherion     Slaughter, 


a.   Fdward   A.   Heals,  Portland. 
IVnnsyhaiiia.    George    S.    Bliss,    Phila- 

di-lpliia. 
I'm-tM    Kico,    Oliver    L.    I'assig,    Sau 

Juan. 
South  Carolina,  Henry  O.  Oeren,  Co- 

Innihia. 
South   l>aknta.  Sanmc!   \V.   Clcnn.   IIu- 

l-cill. 

TtMinossec.  Roscoe   Nunn,   Nashvill*>. 
Texas,  Bernard  Bunnenu-yi-r.  H«>i 
I'tali.    Alfred    H.   Thlessf-n.    Salt    I>ake 

City. 

Virginia.  Kdward  A.  Kvans.  Richmond. 
WashiiiL'ton.   (Jcorp-    N.    Salislnif- 

altl.-. 

\'iru'inia.    Henry    <  '.    H«'\vc.    I'ar- 

kcrshurir. 
\V:<ci.nsi!i.   Henry  H.  Hersey,  Milwau- 

kee. 
Wyoming,    Robert    Q.    Grant,    Chey- 

enne. 


In  order  to  present  to  the  public  in  the  most  practical  form  the  results  of  the 
cliinntoloiiical    observations,    ihe   T'niteu    Slates    lias   been    divided    int<>    twelve 
ClimntoloL'icnl   districts,   in   .-iccnnlMnce  with   the  -jreit    nannvil   dtain.-i 
and   twelve  district  edit  lieen  a]i]iointed  over  those  districts  who  shall 

severally  receive  the  observed  data  from  the  section  dip-dors  and  assist  in 
editing  the  same  for  the  Monthly  Weather  Review.  These  district  editors  are 
ns  follov. 

Wilford  M.  Wilson,  district  No.  1.  Ithaca.  N.  Y. 

Charles  F.  von  Herrmann,  district  No.  2.  Atlanta.  Ga. 

Ferdinand  J.  Walz.  district  No.  3.  Louisville.  Ky. 

Prof.  Henry  J.  Cox.  district   No.  4.  Chicago.   III. 

Georsre  M.  Chappel.  district  No.  .">.  I  »es  .Moines.  Iowa. 

Montrose  W.  Hayes,  district   No.  (',.  St.  Louis.  Mo. 

Isaac  M.  Cline,  district  No.  7.  New  Orleans.  La. 

Bernard  Bnnnemeyer.  district  No.  8.  Houston,  Tex. 

Frederick  H.  Brandenhurir.  district  No.  !>.  I>emer.  < 

Alfred  H.  Thiesseu,  district  No.  10.  Salt  Lake  City.  Utah. 

I'p.f.  Alexander  C.  McAdie.  district  No.  11.  Snn  Frnnciwo.  Gal. 

1-M ward  A.  Beals.  district  No.  12,  Portland,  Oreg. 

The  purfKise  is  to  make  the  Monthly  Weather  Review  a  journal  of  practical 
meteorology  in  regard  to  current  problems  of  agriculture,  transportation,  water 
resources,  forestry,  etc. 

BUREAU   OF   ANIMAL   INDUSTRY. 

Chief,  A.  D.  MKLVIN:  A**i*1ant  chief,  A.  M.  FARRINGTON  :  Chief  clerk, 
c n. \BLES  C.  CARBOLL. 

The  Bureau  of  Animal  Industry  has  charge  of  the  work  of  the  department 
relating  to  the  live-stock  industry.  In  general  it  deals  with  the  investigation, 
control,  and  eradication  of  diMMfl  <-f  animals,  the  inspe.-ti.ni  and  quarantine 
of  live  stock,  the  inspection  of  nx-at  and  meat  food  products,  and  with  animal 
husbandry  and  dairying. 

The  bure.-iM  coiulii'-'  q  -dion  of  live  stock,  meats,  ami  meat  food  prod- 

ucts intended  for  interstate  or  foreign  commerce,  under  the  act  <s  of 

June  30,  1906.  and  a  Is.,  has  charge  of  the  inspection  of  import  and  export  ani- 
mals, the  insi>ection  of  ships  for  the  transi»ortation  of  export  animals,  and  the 


ANIMAL,  INDUSTRY  BUREAU.  11 

quarantine  stations  for  imported  animals.  It  investigates  the  existence  of 
communicable  diseases  of  live  stock,  makes  original  scientific  investigations  as 
to  the  nature,  cause,  and  prevention  of  such  diseases,  and  takes  measures  for 
their  repression  and  eradication,  frequently  in  cooperation  with  State  and  Ter- 
ritorial authorities.  As  part  of  this  work,  a  quarantine  of  the  section  infected 
with  Texas  or  southern  fever  of  cattle  is  maintained,  the  extermination  of  the 
tick  which  transmits  this  disease  has  been  undertaken,  and  sheep  scab  and 
cattle  mange  are  being  eradicated  from  the  West.  The  bureau  makes  investi- 
gations in  the  breeding  and  feeding  of  animals  and  in  regard  to  dairy  subjects, 
and  supervises  the  manufacture  of  and  interstate  commerce  in  renovated  butter. 
Reports  of  scientific  investigations  and  treatises  on  various  subjects  relating  to 
the  live-stock  industry  are  prepared  and  published. 

THE  ANIMAL  HUSBANDRY  DIVISION. 
GEORGE  M.  ROMMEL,  chief. 

This  division  gathers  information  and  makes  studies  and  experiments  concern- 
ing the  breeding  and  feeding  of  farm  animals  and  poultry ;  supervises  pedigree 
record  associations  under  paragraph  492  of  the  tariff  act  of  August  5,  1909,  and 
attends  to  correspondence  and  prepares  publications  on  these  subjects.  The 
office  is  now  engaged  in  experiments  in  regard  to  the  harmful  properties  ot 
cottonseed  and  cottonseed  products  when  fed  to  hogs;  experiments  in  breeding 
small  animals;  the  study  of  crossbreeding  in  sheep;  the  utilization  of  native 
goats  for  milk  production ;  hybridizing  the  Grevy  zebra  with  asses  and  horses ; 
experiments  to  test  the  value  of  different  systems  of  feeding  poultry ;  a  study 
of  the  cost  of  production  of  poultry  and  eggs,  and  a  study  of  market  and  trans- 
portation problems  connected  with  the  egg  and  poultry  trade.  Cooperative  work 
with  State  agricultural  experiment  stations  comprises  investigations  in  animal 
nutrition  at  the  Pennsylvania  station,  in  beef  production  at  the  Alabama  sta- 
tion, in  horse  breeding  in  Colorado,  Iowa,  and  Vermont,  in  breeding  milking 
Shorthorn  cattle  in  Minnesota,  in  breeding  Holstein-Priesian  cattle  in  North  Da- 
kota, in  poultry  breeding  and  management  in  Maine,  and  in  sheep  breeding  in 
Wyoming.  The  staff  of  this  office  includes  G.  Arthur  Bell,  senior  animal  hus- 
bandman in  certification  of  pedigrees ;  E.  L.  Shaw,  senior  animal  husbandman, 
and  Charles  E.  Snyder,  animal  husbandman,  in  sheep  and  goat  investigations; 
Rob  R.  Slocum,  animal  husbandman,  and  Harry  M.  Lamon,  junior  animal 
husbandman,  in  poultry  investigations;  E.  H.  Riley,  animal  husbandman  in 
animal-breeding  investigations;  W.  F.  Hammond,  superintendent  of  Morgan 
horse  farm;  John-  O.  Williams,  junior  animal  husbandman,  in  charge  of  Colo- 
rado horse-breeding  station;  Ralph  J.  Carr,  junior  animal  husbandman  in 
animal-nutrition  investigations;  W.  F.  Ward,  junior  animal  husbandman  in 
beef -production  investigations;  and  H.  H.  Reese,  in  charge  of  work  of  this 
division  at  the  experiment  farm,  Beltsville,  Md. 

THE  BIOCHEMIC  DIVISION. 
M.  DORSET,  chief. 

This  division  prepares  tuberculin  and  mallein  and  furnishes  these  substances 
free  of  charge  to  health  officers  for  use  in  official  tests.  It  conducts  experi- 
ments concerning  immunity,  with  the  object  of  obtaining  vaccines  and  anti- 
toxins for  animal  diseases;  carries  on  researches  concerning  the  causes  of  cer- 
tain infectious  diseases;  in  connection  with  the  meat-inspection  service  makes 
bacteriological  and  chemical  examination  of  meats  and  meat  food  products 
and  of  condiments,  etc.,  used  in  their  preparation;  carries  on  experiments  with 
dips  and  disinfectants;  prepares  records  of  tests  and  experiments:  and  pre- 
pares for  publication  from  time  to  time  reports  of  work  which  has  been 
completed. 

The  scientific  staff  of  the  division  includes  J.  A.  Emery,  in  charge  of  research 
work  on  meat  products;  T.  M.  Price,  in  charge  of  central  meat-inspection  labora- 
tory; C.  N.  McBryde,  in  charge  of  bacteriological  investigations  of  meats; 
W.  B.  Niles,  inspector  in  charge  of  field  experiments  concerning  hog  cholera; 
R  M  Chapin,  in  charge  of  investigations  of  stock  dips;  A.  E.  Graham,  C.  H. 
Swanger,  A.  H.  Roop,  W.  B.  Smith,  E.  A.  Boyer,  and  C.  T.  Marsh,  chief  labora- 
tory inspectors  in  branch  meat-inspection  laboratories. 


12  S  \M/\H"N    Of   in  i>\  H  ri.i  ri;r. 

Tin    H\n:v   IMMM..V 

r..  ir.  KA\M. 

The  work  of  this  division  is  "to  collect  un.l  disseminate  information  concern- 
ing dairy  farming,  tbe  cnre  and  impro\(  mem  «.f  dairy  cattle,  and  the  pn-duci  jon. 
care,  and  distribution  of  dairy  products."      It  maintains  a  general  survey  ..f  the 
condition  of  the  dairy  industry  in  the  country  at   lai^.-  ami  in  the  different 
tions.  in  addition  to  special  inquiries  as  to  dairy  organ  i;cat  ions,  dairy  schools  and 
facilities  for  technical  instruction,  state  dairy  laws.  the  development  ..r  mai 
the  milk  supply  of  cities  and  towns,  and  the  laws  and  iv-ulati.-u-  in  i.-f, 
thereto. 

Investigations  are  conducted    in   dairy-farm    management,    including   sp. 
work  in  the  Southern  States  for  the  Introduction  of  bettor  dairy  practice  and  !!;•• 
mconrafera«nt   of   divot  sili  d    farming    throu-H    tho    Introduction    of   dairyinir. 
The  formation  of  cow-test  associations  on  n  nlf-snatatolng  ba-  \in' 

attention. 

The  division  also  makes  investigations  ns  to  the  manufacture  of  Imtter  and 
Cheese,  including  European  varieties  of  cheese,  and  concerning  dairy  machinery 
and  equipment  The  division  architect  prepares  plans  and  technical  advice  for 
the  construction  of  sanitary  and  economical  dairy  buildings.  The  organi/atinn 
and  management  of  creameries  and  factories  and  of  the  larger  dairy  enter- 
prises, now  increasing  in  number  and  importance,  are  receiving  special  atten- 
tion. The  division  Is  also  charged  with  the  details  of  administration  of  tho 
concerning  the  inspection  of  factories  and  markets  for  "renovated"  »r 
"  process  "  butter. 

Considerable  attention  has  been  given  to  work  in  connection  with  the  impr.iv,- 
.iient  of  city  milk  supplies.  This  is  accomplished  by  means  of  cooperation  with 
the  local  authorities.  Public  meetings  are  arranged  wherein  the  producers,  con- 
sumers, physicians,  and  others  are  brought  together  and  the  subject  of  milk 
improvement  discussed.  There  is  usually  also  a  competitive  exhibit  of  milk  and 
cream,  and  sometimes  of  dairy  farms.  The  score-card  system  of  scoring  dairies 
and  farms  used  and  recommended  by  the  division  is  indispensable  for  this  work. 
It  has  been  found  of  great  value  in  a  large  number  of  cities  where  it  is  now 
regularly  in  use. 

Reports  upon  tHese  lines  of  work  are  prepared  and  published,  and  an  exten- 
sive correspondence  is  conducted  to  ascertain  and  meet  the  needs  of  those  inter- 
ested in  the  various  departments  of  the  dairy  industry.  The  division  seeks  to 
serve  as  a  clearing  house  for  dairy  experience  and  information.  Its  officers  and 
agents  visit  the  dairy  centers  and  conventions  for  personal  contact  and  advice. 

The  work  of  the  Dairy  Division  is  subdivided  as  follows:  Dairy  farming  in- 
vestigations,  in  charge  of  Helmer  Rabild;   dairy   products   investigations,   in 
charge  of  L.  A.  Rogers;  dairy  manufacturing  investigations,  in  charge  of  > 
Thompson;  market  milk  investigations,  in  charge  of  George  M.  Whitaker;  reno- 
Tated  butter  inspection,  in  charge  of  Robert  McAdam. 

THE  INSPECTION  DIVISION. 

RICE  P.  STEDDOM,  chief;  MORRIS  WOODEN,  R.  A.  RAMSAY,  and  Ana  KI   I.,  r.i  i: 

associate  chiefs. 

The  work  of  the  Inspection  Division  consists  of  two  main  lines— the  meat 
inspection  and  the  field  work  for  the  control  and  eradication  of  contagious 
diseases. 

The  meat  inspection  includes  the  ante-mortem  and  the  post-mortem  inspection 
of  cattle,  sheep,  swine,  and  goats  slaughtered  at  establishments  engaged  in  Inter- 
state or  foreign  commerce;  the  supervision  of  such  establishments  and  of  the 
various  processes  of  preparing,  curing,  canning,  packing,  etc.,  so  as  to  insure 
sanitary  conditions,  equipment,  and  methods;  the  condemnation  and  proper 
disposal  of  carcasses  and  products  found  to  be  diseased,  unwholesome,  or  other- 
wise unfit  for  human  food ;  the  marking  and  certification  of  meats  and  products 
that  have  been  inspected  and  passed,  and  the  regulation  and  supervision  of 
the  interstate  transportation  and  exportation  of  meats  and  meat-food  products, 
The  meat  Inspection  is  carried  on  at  863  establishments  in  238  cities  and  towns. 


ANIMAL  INDUSTRY  BUREAU.  13 

The  field  work  consists  in  the  inspection  of  live  stock  at  points  of  origin,  in 
transit,  and  at  market  centers,  the  disinfection  of  cars,  and  the  supervision  and 
enforcement  of  other  measures  to  prevent  the  spread  of  contagious  diseases 
through  the  channels  of  interstate  commerce  and  to  stamp  out  such  diseases. 
This  includes  the  eradication  of  southern  cattle  ticks,  the  inspection  of  south- 
ern cattle,  and  the  supervision  of  their  movement  when  forwarded  from  the 
area  quarantined  on  account  of  Texas  or  southern  cattle  fever,  also  the  inspec- 
tion and,  when  necessary,  the  dipping  of  sheep  and  cattle  to  eradicate  and  pre- 
vent the  spread  of  scabies.  As  a  result  of  the  latter  work,  in  cooperation  with 
State  and  Territorial  authorities,  sheep  scab  and  cattle  mange  have  been  wiped 
out  from  large  areas  in  the  West  where  they  were  formerly  prevalent,  and 
efforts  are  being  directed  toward  the  ultimate  eradication  of  these  diseases 
from  the  United  States. 

THE  PATHOLOGICAL  DIVISION. 
JOHN  R.  MOHLEB,  chief. 

The  work  of  this  division  is  chiefly  along  the  lines  of  investigating  diseases  of 
animals.  It  prepares  and  distributes  blackleg  vaccine  and  tabulates  the  results 
for  publication;  conducts  scientific  investigations  of  animal  diseases;  carries  on 
experiments  with  immunizing  agents  for  the  pin-pose  of  protecting  animals 
against  diseases;  cooperates  with  the  State  agricultural  experiment  stations 
with  a  view  to  combating  diseases  peculiar  to  the  localities;  determines  patho- 
logical specimens  referred  to  the  division  for  d'fignosis;  and  prepares  answers  to 
numerous  inquiries  regarding  diseases  of  animals.  Reports  are  prepared  and 
published  upon  the  experimental  work  carried  on. 

The  scientific  staff  of  the  division  includes  Henry  J.  Washburn,  senior  bac- 
teriologist;  J.  S.  Buckley,  in  charge  of  blackleg  investigations;  George  Byron 
Morse,  in  charge  of  investigations  concerning  diseases  of  poultry  and  cold- 
blooded animals ;  Charles  F.  Flocken,  in  charge  of  cooperative  experiments  with 
the  Minnesota  Experiment  Station ;  Adolph  Eichhorn,  in  charge  of  field  investi- 
gations ;  Robert  J.  Formad,  assistant  in  animal  pathology ;  Jacob  Traum,  assist- 
ant in  animal  bacteriology ;  H.  C.  Campbell,  in  charge  of  cooperative  experiments 
with  Pennsylvania  Live-stock  Sanitary  Board;  H.  J.  Frederick,  in  charge  of 
cooperative  experiments  with  Utah  Experiment  Station ;  and  L.  Enos  Day,  in 
charge  of  branch  pathological  laboratory  at  Chicago,  111. 

THE  QUAEANTINE  DIVISION. 

RlCHABD  W.  HlCKMAN,  Chief. 

The  inspection  and  quarantine  of  imported  animals  with  a  view  to  excluding 
contagion,  the  management  of  the  animal  quarantine  stations,  and  the  inspec- 
tion of  live  stock  for  export,  come  under  this  division.  The  ships  carrying 
exported  animals  are  also  inspected,  and  regulations  as  to  fittings,  equipment, 
ventilation,  feed,  water,  attendants,  etc.,  are  enforced.  The  Quarantine  Divi- 
sion administers  the  sanitary  regulations  governing  the  importation  of  hides, 
hay,  and  straw,  and  directs  the  tuberculin  testing  of  cattle  and  the  mallein 
testing  of  horses  for  export  and  import.  It  also  carries  on  cooperative  work 
with  State  and  other  authorities  for  the  intrastate  tuberculin  testing  of  dairy 
and  breeding  cattle  and  of  cows  supplying  milk  to  cities,  with  a  view  to  elim- 
inating tuberculosis  from  dairy  herds  and  from  among  such  breeding  cattle. 

THE  ZOOLOGICAL  DIVISION. 
B.  H.  RANSOM,  chief. 

This  division  investigates  diseases  of  parasitic  origin,  and  prepares  and  pub- 
lishes reports  on  such  investigations;  collects  and  describes  animal  parasites  of 
all  kinds ;  determines  such  parasites  as  are  sent  to  the  bureau  for  identification, 
and  conducts  correspondence  regarding  them;  keeps  a  card  index  of  animal 
parasites  and  a  bibliography  of  literature  relating  to  them.  Assistant  zoologists 
are  Albert  Hassall,  H.  W.  Graybill,  and  Maurice  C.  Hall;  junior  zoologists, 
Howard  Crawley,  and  W.  D.  Foster. 


14  •  N  1    OF    \«:i;!(  ri.i  nil.,    I'.m. 

I  UK  EXPERIMENT  STATION. 
E.  C.  SOHBOKDEB,  superintendent;  W.  E.  COTTON,  assistant. 

The  Kxperimcnt  Station  of  the  bureau  is  located  :il  I!.  -I  hcsda.  Mtl.  It  Is 
••quipped  I'nr  mid  conducts  invest  ii:.-itions  reirardin^  :inini;il  diseases  with  :i  \  iew 
t.i  ih.  -ir  control  and  «>r:iilii-:ili<iii  nnil  their  bearing  mi  the  public  health.  A 
small  t'.-inii  is  maintained  in  surh  :i  manner  ;is  to  provide  the  other  divisions 
of  ili«-  hiirciiu  with  facilities  for  making  observations  for  which  large  dome 
aiiiiiinls  are  needed. 

The  work   of  the  station  consists  of   independent    original    invest  i-at  ions  and 
investigations  in  cooperation  with  and  supplemental   to  those  of  the  oilier  divl- 
•  •f  the  results  obtaine<l  art'  written   for  publication. 

Tin:   Km  i  OKI.  u.  OFFICE. 
JAMKS  M.  I'ICKENS,  e<1H»r. 

The  work  of  this  office  comprises  the  editing  and  proof  reading  "f  the  publi- 
critions  of  the  bureau,  the  indexing  of  such  as  require  it,  the  compilation  of 
.iiinual  report,  and  the  preparation  of  special  articles  and  other  material 
for  publication.  This  otlice  also  makes  translations,  compiles  information,  and 
attends  to  correspondence  relating  to  the  bureau's  publications  and  miscella- 
neous subjects. 

BUREAU  OF  PLANT  INDUSTRY. 

I'lntxidlofjist  nnd  jHithnlvgist  and  chief  of  l)Ur«ni,  UKVKKI.V  T.  GALLOWAY; 
pomofogift  and  assistant  Chief  of  bureau,  WILLIAM  A.  TAVI.OH:  >-lii<f  rlcrk. 
JAMKS  E.  JONES  ;  editor,  J.  E.  ROCKWELL  ;  officer  in  charge  of  records,  W.  P. 
Cox. 

The  Bureau  of  Plant  Industry  studies  plant  life  in  all  its  relations  to 
culture.     Tho  scientific  work  of  the  bureau  is  divided  into  :;<>  distinct   groups 
•  ••  >r  responding   to    the   divisions   of   other   bureaus.     A    l.iief   s'aiement    of    the 
-!  e.-inl  work  and  organization  of  each  group  follows. 

LABOBATOKY  OF  PLANT  PATHOLOGY. 
ERWIN  F.  SMITH,  pathologist  in  charge. 

This  is  the  central  working  laboratory  for  all  of  the  pathological  investiga- 
tions conducted  by  the  bureau.  Studies  of  the  diseases  of  a  wide  variety  of 
crop  plants  are  made  in  the  laboratory  and  supplemented  by  field  Investiga- 
tion and  experimentation. 

srii-nti/ic  staff—  R.  E.  B.  McKenney.  expert:  Florence  Hedges,  assistant 
pathologist;  A.  W.  Giampietro,  assistant  physiologist;  Nellie  A.  Brown,  Mary 
K.  Bryan,  and  Lucia  McCulloch,  scientific  assistants. 

PATHOLOGICAL  COLI.IO  IMNS   \Ni>  '  N  WOKK. 

w.  PA 


This  etli'-e  is  .-iiarced  with  the  maintenance  of  economic  collections  of  patho- 
logical nnd  related  material  for  use  by  the  investigators  of  the  bureau  and  \  isit- 
iiiLT  scientists:  id«>ntiticat  ions  of  edible  and  jioisoiious  funwi  and  problems  in 
entomo  venous  fiin^'i.  and  cooperati\e  work  with  various  offices  of  the  bureau,  in 
addition  to  miscellaneous  identifications.  Inspections  are  made  of  plants 
received  and  distributed  by  the  bureau,  to  -uard  against  the  introduction  ot 
diseases  and  their  dissemination. 

>ViV;(/<7/c  xtnff.-   Vera  K.  Charles  and  Frank  .7.  Veihmev  itic  assistants. 

i   1  MSKASF.  INVESTIGATIONS. 
MKKIOX   H.  WAITK.  i><itli<>lot}ixt  in  charge. 

This  work   is  devoted   to    ihe  study  of  the  diseases  of  fruits  and    fruit    tl 
nnd   of   methods  of  contn.Iling  or   preventing   them.     The   investigations   cover 


PLAXT  INDUSTRY  BUREAU.  15 

orchard  fruits,  including  citrus  and  small  fruits  and  the  cultivated  nuts.     Field 
demonstrations  are  an  important  part  of  the  work. 

Scientific  staff.— C.  L.  Shear  and  W.  M.  Scott,  pathologists ;  W.  S.  Ballard, 
assistant  pathologist;  Clara  H.  Hasse,  L.  A.  Hawkins,  George  W.  Keitt,  F.  V. 
Kami,  and  J.  W.  Roberts,  scientific-  assistants :  J.  M.  Shall  and  S.  M.  McMurran, 
experts ;  Leslie  Pierce,  agent ;  and  Angie  M.  Beckwith.  expert  xylotoruist. 

INVESTIGATIONS  IN  FOREST  PATHOLOGY. 
HAVEN  METCALF,  pathologist  in  charge. 

This  work  consists  of  the  study  of  the  various  diseases  affecting  forest  trees 
and  woods,  as  well  as  ornamental  and  shade  trees.  The  work  is  conducted  in 
close  cooperation  with  the  Forest  Service. 

Scientific  staff. — George  G.  Hedgcock  and  Perley  Spaulding,  pathologists; 
B.  P.  Meinecke,  expert;  Carl  P.  Hartley,  assistant  pathologist;  Delia  E.  Ingram, 
scientific  assistant;  and  C.  J.  Humphrey,  forest  assistant. 

COTTON  AND  TRUCK  DISEASE  AND  SUGAR-PLANT  INVESTIGATIONS. 
\V.  A.  OKTON,  pathologist  in  charge. 

These  investigations  cover  all  diseases  of  garden  vegetables,  with  special 
reference  to  the  field  demonstration  of  methods  of  control  and  prevention; 
work  on  the  diseases  of  cotton  and  of  cowpeas  and  other  forage  crops,  and  the 
collection  of  data  regarding  the  general  prevalence  of  plant  diseases  in  the 
United  States  are  also  a  part  of  these  investigations;  also  work  on  problems  re- 
lating to  the  culture  and  utilization  of  sugar  beets,  such  as  the  combating  of 
diseases,  improvement  in  the  yield  and  quality  of  the  crop,  extension  of  sugar- 
toeet  culture,  and  the  improvement  of  methods  of  growing  and  handling  the 
crop;  also  work  on  the  culture  and  diseases  of  sugar  cane,  sugar  maple,  and 
sorghum,  and  other  sugar- producing  plants. 

Scientific  staff. — H.  A.  Edson  and  J.  B.  Norton,  physiologists ;  W.  W.  Gilbert, 
F.  J.  Pritchard.  H.  B.  Shaw,  and  L.  L.  Harter,  assistant  pathologists;  J.  F.  Reed 
and  E.  C.  Rittne,  assistants;  C.  F.  Chirk,  G.  F.  Miles,  Ethel  C.  Field,  and  Clara 
O.  Jamieson,  scientific  assistants:  F.  A.  Wolf,  expert;  and  W.  B.  Clark,  chemist. 

CROP  PHYSIOLOGY  AND  BREEDING  INVESTIGATIONS. 
WALTER  T.  SWINGLE,  physiologist  in  charge. 

This  work  is  concerned  with  the  study  of  the  cultural  requirements  of  various 
crop  plants,  especially  of  fruit  and  nut  crops  for  cultivation  in  the  Southwest 
and  in  other  parts  of  the  country.  Agricultural  demonstrations  among  the 
Indians  are  also  a  feature  of  these  investigations. 

Xi-irntific  staff. — S.  C.  Mason,  arboriculturist:  E.  M.  Savage,  assistant  plant 
breeder;  Bruce  Drunimond,  E.  W.  Hudson.  H.  H.  Boyle,  and  M.  A.  Downes, 
assistants;  G.  P.  Rixford,  expert:  and  F.  W.  Savage,  special  agent. 

SOIL  BACTERIOLOGY  AND  WATER  PURIFICATION  INVESTIGATIONS. 
KARL  F.  KELLERMAN,  physiologist  in  charge'. 

.This  work  has  reference  to  the  study  of  the  relation  of  bacteria  to  soil  fer- 
tility, plant  growth,  and  the  fixation  of  nitrogen.  The  distribution  of  pure  cul- 
tures of  nodule-forming  bacteria  for  leguminous  crops  is  a  feature  of  the  work. 
The  organisms  contaminating  farm  water  supplies  are  also  being  studied,  with 
a  view  to  their  eradication. 

Scientific  staff.— Edna  H.  Fawcett.  I.  G.  McBeth,  F.  M.  Scales,  and  R.  C. 
Wright,  scientific  assistants ;  and  F.  L.  Goll  and  L.  T.  Leonard,  laboratory  aids. 

ACCLIMATIZATION  AND  ADAPTATION  OF  CROP  PLANTS.  COTTON  BREEDING. 


O.  F.  COOK,  bionomist  in  charge. 

have  special  reference  to  the  accli 
and  southwest  of  Central  American  varieties  of  cotton,  corn,  and  other  crops 


These  investigations  have  special  reference  to  the  acclimatization  in  the  south 


16  ORGANIZATION   OF  DEPARTMENT  OP  AGRICULTURE,  1911. 

orlgl mi ting  In  tropical  countries,  including  fruits  :m<l  vegetables.     The  bn>eding 
of  cottons  for  the  boll-weevil  territory  is  also  a  feature  of  the  \v>rk. 

Scientific  Staff. — G.  N.  Collins,  botanist  ;  F  I..  l..-\vl..n.  :i-">isl:mt  botanist; 
A.  T.  Anders,  James  Kempton.  .1.  II.  Kinsler.  A.  Mrl.a.'lil.-m,  Henry  I'ittler.  and 
D.  A.  S:IUII«|«M-S.  ai  \aron<~..hn  :ii,,|  c  ||.  Chirk.  tKftttt',  0.  I'..  Doyle 

and  II.  M.  Meade.  scientific  assist  nuts;  S.  M.  Halu.  collaborator. 

DRUG-PLANT,  POISONOUS  n  \M.  I'm  *\<>\  O..ICAL  AND  FERMENTATION  INVESTI- 
GATIONS. 

RODNEY  H.  TRUE,  physiologist  in  charge. 

This  branch  of  the  bureau  is  engaged  in  the  study  of  a  wide  diversity  of  prob- 
lems, covering  the  commercial  culture  of  drug -producing  crops  and  ten.  tin-  study 
of  stock-poison  Ing  plants,  and  methods  of  preventing  the  losses  caused  by  these 
plants,  and  Invest  i  gat  inns  In  plant  physiology  and  fermentation. 

Scientific  staff. — A.  B.  Clawson.  Heinrlch  Hasselbrlng,  C.  Dwight  Marsh,  and 
W.  W.  Stockberger,  physiologists;  C.  L.  Alsberg,  H.  H.  Bartlett,  Otis  F.  Black, 
Frank  Kabak.  and  A.  F.  S  levers,  chemical  biologists:  H.  H.  Bunzel,  biologist; 
Walter  Van  Fleet  and  James  Thompson,  experts;  W.  W.  Eggleston,  assistant 
botanist;  S.  C.  Hood,  G.  F.  Mitchell,  and  T.  B.  Young,  scientific  assistants;  and 
Alice  Henkel,  assistant. 

GRAIN  STANDARDIZATION. 
J.  W.  T.  DUVEL,  technologist  in  charge. 

This  work  consists  of  a  study  of  the  present  systems  of  handling  and  grading 
grains  and  the  encouragement  of  the  use  of  Improved  and  more  exact  methods. 
The  work  is  conducted  both  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  and  at  branch  laboratories 
at  some  of  the  more  important  grain  centers. 

Scientific  staff.— Clyde  H.  Bailey,  E.  G.  Boerner,  H.  J.  Besley,  W.  P.  Carroll, 
J.  H.  Cox,  Laurel  Duval,  L.  M.  Jeffers.  R.  C.  Miller.  E.  L.  Morris,  E.  C.  Richey, 
Philip  Rothrock,  C.  A.  Russell.  A.  M.  Sattre,  and  Levi  M.  Thomas,  assistants. 

AGRICULTURAL  TECHNOLOGY,  COTTON   STANDARDIZATION  AND  PAPER-PLANT 

INVESTIGATIONS. 

X.  A.  COBB,  technologist  in  charge. 

These  Investigations  deal  with  the  Improvement  of  technological  methods  In 
crop  production,  the  standardization,  measurement  of  staple  and  ginning  of 
cotton,  and  the  testing  of  plants  believed  to  be  suitable  for  paper  manufacture, 
the  investigation  of  fiber  plants  likely  to  prove  of  value  in  the  United  States, 
and  the  encouragement  of  fiber-plant  industries. 

Scientific  staff. — L.  H.  Dewey,  botanist;  Charles  J.  Brand,  physiologist; 
R.  L.  Bennett,  W.  E.  Chambers,  D.  E.  Earle,  and  Albert  Mann,  experts. 

PHYSICAL  INVESTIGATIONS. 
LYMAN  J.  BRIGGS,  physicist  in  charge. 

This  laboratory  has  for  its  objects  the  working  out  of  physical  problems  in 
dry-land  agriculture,  the  development  of  Improved  apparatus  for  use  in 
agricultural  work,  and  the  study  of  physical  questions  involved  In  the  nutrition 
of  crops,  the  resistance  of  plants  to  disease,  etc. 

Scientific  staff.— J.  O.  Belz,  assistant;  J.  W.  McLane,  and  Julia  R.  Pearce, 
laboratory  assistants. 

SEED-TESTING  LABORATORIES. 

EDGAR  BROWN,  botanist  in  charge. 

These  laboratories  are  charged  with  the  examination  of  samples  of  com- 
mercial seeds  for  the  presence  of  adulteration,  and  with  a  general  propaganda 
in  the  interest  of  pure  seed  for  the  farmer.  The  work  is  conducted  both  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  and  at  cooperative  laboratories  in  the  field. 


PLANT  INDUSTRY  BUREAU.  17 

Scientific  staff. — F.  H.  Hillman,  assistant  botanist;  W.  L.  Goss.  Geo.  T. 
Harrington,  Emma  F.  Sirrine,  Lovina  Merick,  Emma  S.  Doyle,  Bertha  C. 
Hite,  Alma  L.  Carpenter,  Anna  M.  Lute,  and  Anna  B.  Shepard,  scientific 
assistants. 

GKAIN  INVESTIGATIONS. 
MASK  ALFBED  CABLETON,  cerealist  in  charge. 

This  work  deals  with  the  culture,  adaptation,  improvement,  and  in  an  in- 
cidental way  with  the  uses  of  all  cereal  crops,  and  to  a  certain  extent  with 
the  determination  of  particular  rotations  with  other  crops  that  are  advan- 
tageous to  the  farmer.  The  study  and  prevention  of  the  diseases  affecting 
cereals  are  also  a  part  of  the  investigations. 

Scientific  staff. — C.  R.  Ball,  C.  E.  Chambliss,  and  H.  B.  Derr,  agronomists; 
Edward  C.  Johnson,  pathologist;  Cecil  Salmon,  physiologist;  A.  A.  Potter,  as- 
sistant pathologist;  H.  F.  Blauchard  and  H.  J.  C.  Umberger,  assistant 
agronomists;  John  F.  Ross,  farm  superintendent;  E.  L.  Adams,  M.  Champlin, 
V.  L.  Cory,  and  H.  V.  Harlan,  scientific  assistants;  F.  R.  Babcock,  assistant 
in  grain  investigations;  L.  C.  Burnett,  P.  V.  Cardou,  J.  M.  Jenkins,  Clyde  E. 
Leighty,  Clyde  McKee,  and  T.  R.  Stanton,  agents. 

COBN  INVESTIGATIONS. 
CHABLES  P.  HABTLEY,  physiologist  in  charge. 

The  leading  object  of  the  work  of  this  office  is  to  make  the  corn  crop  more 
profitable  to  the  farmers  of  the  United  States.  The  projects  upon  which  work 
is  iii  progress  cover  investigations  of  factors  that  influence  the  quantity  and 
quality  of  acre  production. 

Scientific  staff. — Curtis  H.  Kyle,  Ernest  B.  Brown,  and  L.  L.  Zook,  assistant 
physiologists;  and  J.  G.  Willier,  scientific  assistant. 

TOBACCO  AND  PLANT  NUTRITION  INVESTIGATIONS. 
W.  W.  GABNEB,  physiologist  in  charge. 

This  work  has  reference  to  the  improvement  of  tobacco  by  hybridization  and 
selection,  the  improvement  of  methods  of  growing  and  handling  the  crop,  the 
combating  of  diseases,  and  the  general  study  of  the  tobacco-growing  industry. 
Experiments  and  demonstrations  in  the  growing  of  tobacco  in  rotation  with 
farm  crops  are  features  of  the  work. 

Scientific  staff. — E.  H.  Mathewsou  and  G.  W.  Harris,  crop  technologists: 
Otto  Olson,  E.  G.  Beinhart,  D.  E.  Brown,  W.  M.  Lunn,  E.  G.  Moss,  assistants 
in  tobacco  investigations;  J.  E.  Blohm,  special  agent;  B.  F.  ScherfBus,  J.  S. 
Cuningharu,  experts;  Charles  W.  Bacon,  assistant  physiologist;  H.  A.  Allard 
and  Charles  L.  Foubert,  scientific  assistants. 

FOBAGE  CBOP  INVESTIGATIONS. 
C.  V.  PIPES,  agrostologist  in  charge. 

The  work  of  this  office  covers  various  phases  of  forage-crop  investigations, 
including  the  development  and  dissemination  of  new  valuable  varieties  of 
forage  crops,  the  extension  of  forage  crops  into  sections  where  they  are 
adapted  but  are  grown  only  to  a  limited  extent,  and  cooperation  in  the  intro- 
duction and  extension  of  new  forage  crops. 

Scientific  staff.— J.  M.  Westgate,  agronomist ;  R.  A.  Oakley  and  H.  N.  Vinall, 
assistant  agrostologists ;  A.  B.  Conner,  M.  W.  Evans,  Roland  McKee,  W.  J. 
Morse,  and  A.  B.  Cron,  scientific  assistants. 

ALKALI  AND  DBOTJGHT-BESISTANT  PLANT-BBEEDING  INVESTIGATIONS. 
T.  H.  KEABNEY,  physiologist  in  charge. 

The  object  of  this  work  is  to  investigate  the  alkali  resistance  of  crop  plants ; 
to  develop,  by  breeding  and  selection,  strains  of  field  crops  which  will  be  more 
resistant  to  drought  than  the  varieties  now  obtainable,  and  to  study  the 

1525— Cir.  1—11 2 


18  ORGANIZATION   OP  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE,  1911. 

physiology  of  drought  resistance.  This  work  Is  condm-ird  In  close  cooperation 
with  tin*  'other  branches  of  the  bmvau  concerned  with  the  upbuilding  of  agri- 
culture In  the  West  and  Sot  it  Invest. 

Scientific  staff. — H.  L.  Shantz,  physiologist;  and  A.  0.  Dlllman,  assistant 
physiologist. 

TAXONOMIC  AND  RANGE  INVESTIGATIONS. 
FREDERICK  V.  COVILLE,  botanist  in  charge. 

This  office  maintains  the  economic  collections  of  cultivated  plants,  and  is  en* 
gaged  In  systematic  studies  of  grasses  and  other  economic  plants,  the  compila- 
tion of  Information  on  native  plants  for  publication,  the  testing  of  wild  and 
little-known  plants,  and  experiments  with  a  view  to  the  improvement  of  the 
grazing  areas  on  the  national  forests. 

Scientific  staff.— A.  8.  Hitchcock,  systematic  agrostologlst ;  W.  F.  Wight, 
botanist;  W.  E.  Safford,  assistant  curator;  P.  L.  Ilicker,  Ivar  Tidestrom,  and 
A.  H.  Moore,  assistant  botanists;  B.  L.  Greene,  expert;  and  Agnes  Chase,  scien- 
tific assistant 

FARM  MANAGEMENT  INVESTIGATIONS. 
W.  J.  SPILLMAN,  agriculturist  in  charge. 

This  office  studies  the  details  of  farm  practice.  Its  main  object  Is  to  Improve 
farm  practice  by  Introducing  better  business  methods  and  by  applying  the  prin- 
ciples of  science  wherever  they  are  known.  The  types  of  farming  prevailing  In 
the  various  sections  of  the  country  are  being  studied,  and  demonstrations  In 
the  form  of  object  lessons  are  being  made  In  a  number  of  localities,  and  also  a 
detailed  study  of  farm  economics  and  business  principles.  Studies  of  range 
management  and  of  the  use  of  the  cactus  as  a  forage  plant  are  also  a  part  of 
the  work. 

Scientific  staff.— D.  A.  Brodle,  C.  L.  Goodrich,  David  Griffiths,  J.  C.  McDowell, 
Byron  Hunter,  C.  B.  Smith,  agriculturists;  G.  A.  Billings,  J.  8.  Gates,  J.  S.  Cot- 
ton, M.  A.  Crosby,  J.  H.  Drake,  L.  G.  Dodge,  J.  W  Froley,  H.  B.  McClure,  II.  A. 
Miller,  B.  Youngblood,  assistant  agriculturists;  C.  M.  Bennett,  J.  H.  Arnold, 
M.  C.  Burritt,  H.  R.  Cox,  D.  H.  Doane,  C.  E.  Hoke,  A.  D.  McNalr,  F.  E.  Robert- 
son, A.  G.  Smith,  E.  A.  Stanford,  G.  J.  Street,  E.  H.  Thomson,  scientific  assist- 
ants; H.  H.  Mowry,  assistant;  Lillian  Church,  J.  S.  Ball,  assistants  In  farm 
accounting;  E.  O.  Wooton,  assistant  curator;  Levl  Chnbbuck,  L.  G.  Connor,  Cal 
M.  Hennis,  Oscar  Juve,  G.  E.  Monroe,  Harry  Thompson,  experts ;  J.  H.  Barren, 
L.  B.  Bassett,  H.  W.  Gllbertson,  L.  A.  Moorhouse,  and  A.  B.  Ross,  agents. 

FARMERS'  COOPERATIVE  DEMONSTRATION  WORK. 
BRADFORD  KNAPP,  special  agent  in  charge. 

This  work  consists  of  practical  demonstrations  In  those  parts  of  the  cotton- 
growing  territory  Infested,  or  likely  to  be  infested  by  the  boll  weevil.  These 
demonstrations  have  as  their  objects  the  raising  of  cotton  under  boll-weevil 
conditions,  diversification  of  crops,  and  the  Improvement  of  cultural  methods  In 
order  to  show  the  farmers  how  best  to  meet  the  new  conditions  brought  about 
by  the  advent  of  the  boll  weevil. 

Staff— J.  A.  Evans,  O.  B.  Martin,  O.  H.  Benson,  W.  B.  Mercler,  H.  E.  Savely, 
W.  W.  Long,  and  W.  L.  English,  general  agents;  W.  D.  Bentley,  J.  L.  Qulcksall, 
W.  F.  Proctor,  Mason  Snowden,  R.  S.  Wilson,  B.  L.  Moss,  H.  D.  Tate.  E.  (Jen try, 
A.  S.  Meharg,  I.  W.  Williams,  C.  R.  Hudson,  and  T.  O.  Sandy,  State  agents. 

DRY-LAND  AGRICULTURE  INVESTIGATIONS. 
E.  C.  CHII.COTT,  agriculturist  in  ctiarpe. 

This  work  has  reference  to  the  development  of  proper  cultural  methods  f<-r 
the  growing  of  crops  In  the  semlarld  regions  of  the  West,  especially  In  that 
portion  known  as  the  Great  Plains  Area.    The  objects  are  to  determine  the 
methods  of  soil  preparation  and  crop  rotation  for  the  conservation  of  moisture 
and  the  maintenance  of  humus  In  the  soil. 


PLANT  INDUSTBY  BUREAU.  19 

Scientific  staff. — J.  S.  Cole,  expert;  Fritz  Knorr,  J.  M.  Stephens,  and  O.  J. 
Grace,  farm  superintendents ;  W.  D.  Griggs,  scientific  assistant ;  W.  W.  Burr, 
C.  A.  Burmeister,  E.  F.  Chilcott,  R.  W.  Edwards,  A.  L.  Hallsted,  L.  E.  Hazen, 
O.  It.  Ma  thews,  H.  C.  McKinstry,  M.  Pfaender,  C.  H.  Plath,  W.  M.  Osborn, 
W.  O.  Whitcomb,  and  J.  C.  Thy  sell,  assistants. 

WESTERN  AGRICULTURAL  EXTENSION. 
CARL  S.  SCOFIELD,  agriculturist  in  charge. 

This  work  is  concerned  with  the  development  of  profitable  agriculture  on  the 
lands  to  be  placed  under  irrigation  in  the  western  United  States,  and  also  with 
the  testing  of  various  crop?  suited  for  gro'wth  under  irrigation.  The  work  is 
conducted  in  cooperation  with  a  number  of  the  investigational  offices  of  the 
bureau. 

Scientific  staff. — F.  B.  Headley,  assistant  agriculturist  ;  A.  M.  Hawley  and 
W.  E.  Townsend,  experts;  Beyer  Aune,  Dan  Hausen,  S.  H.  Hastings,  J.  P. 
Irish,  jr.,  and  W.  A.  Paterson,  farm  superintendents;  Vincent  Fulkerson  and 
It.  E.  Blair,  agents;  and  C.  E.  Peterson,  assistant. 

POMOLOGICAL   COLLECTIONS. 

G.  B.  BRACKETT,  j>r<mologist  in  charge. 

This  office  is  charged  with  the  maintenance  of  economic  collections  of  porno- 
logical  material,  the  identification  and  description  of  fruit  varieties,  the  sim- 
plification of  nomenclature,  the  compilation  of  data  pertaining  to  the  history 
(origin  and  distribution)  of  the  varieties  of  our  cultivated  fruits,  and  the  collec- 
tion and  dissemination  of  general  information  regarding  the  fruit  interests  of 
the  United  States. 

Scientific  staff. — E.  R.  Lake,  scientific  assistant. 

FIELD  INVESTIGATIONS  IN  POMOLOGY. 
A.  V.  STUBENRAUCII,  expert  in  charge. 

Those  in  vest  igut  ions  :;re  concerned  with  the  improvement  of  methods  of 
growing,  handling,  shipping,  storing,  and  marketing  perishable  fruits.  Tho 
work  is  subdivided  into  fruit-marketing  investigations,  fruit-transportation  and 
storage  investigations,  fruit  district  investigations,  viticultural  investigations, 
and  miscellaneous  investigations,  such  as  those  beariner  on  pecan  and  general 
nut  culture  and  on  the  improvement  of  citrus  fruits  in  California  and  hardy 
fruits  in  the  central  West. 

Scientific  staff. — H.  P.  Gould  and  G.  C.  Husmann,  poinologists ;  A.  D.  Shamel, 
physiologist ;  G.  H.  Crawford,  jr.,  S.  J.  Dennis,  A.  W.  McKay,  C.  G.  Patten,  C.  S. 
Pomeroy,  H.  J.  Ramsey,  Leo.  B.  Scott,  and  Richard  Schmidt,  experts;  Charles 
Hearing,  W.  F.  Fletcher,  K.  B.  Lewis,  C.  W.  Mann,  B.  B.  Pratt,  George  M.  Dar- 
row,  and  H.  E.  Watkins,  scientific  assistants;  F.  L.  Husmann,  viticultural 
superintendent;  and  C.  A.  Reed,  special  agent. 

EXPERIMENTAL  GARDENS  AND  GROUNDS. 
E.  M.  BYRNES,  assistant  in  charge. 

This  oflire  is  charged  with  the  care  and  ornamentation  of  the  department 
grounds,  the  maintenance  of  greenhouses  and  plant  collections,  and  the  propa- 
gation of  plants  for  distribution  and  for  other  purposes.  Experimental  work 
with  florists'  crops  is  also  being  conducted  in  the  greenhouses. 

ARLINGTON  EXPERIMENTAL  FARM  AND  HORTICULTURAL  INVESTIGATIONS. 
L.  C.  CORBETT,  horticulturist  in  charge. 

The  Arlington  Farm  is  the  field  laboratory  at  Washington  for  the  Bureau 
of  Plant  Industry,  as  well  as  for  other  bureaus  of  the  department.  A  wide 
varicly  of  field  tests  are  conducted  on  the  farm. 


20          OR<J.\M/\  I  l<>\    •  :         '    Ol      IGBfCULTUHB,    I'.Ul. 

Tlit>  luirlifiilltinil  investigations  are  carried  out  in  the  various  market  garden 
and  truck  growing  sections-  of  the  country,  us  well  :is  ;it  Arlington,  and  in- 
clude tlu>  testing  iind  improvement  of  the  standard  commercial  garden  vege- 
tables, iiu-ludiii'j  potatoes  and  peanuts.  The  fun-ing  of  (lowers  and  vegetables 
as  well  ns  the  horticultural  greenhouse  problems  incident  to  the  industry  are 
also  subjects  under  inv  «•>(  igation. 

Scientific  staff.  —  \V.  \V.  Tracy,  sr.,  sii|ieriniendent  vegetable  testing  gani. 
\V.    It.    Heat  lie   and    I'..    <  '.    Hut  ti-rlield,    assistant    horticulturists;    V    II     (Jruhh, 
.1.   W.  Jones.  I».   N.  Sboeinaker.  William  Stuart,  and  II.  C.  Thompson,  expe 
F.    L.    Mulfoid.    landscape   gardener;    and    It.    I'.    Carnthers   and    \V.    \'.    Slie.-ir. 
sciontilic  assistants. 

<  'O.\<.KKSSIO.\.\I.    Sun    l>isii:im  i  ION. 
i  I  >i  reeled  by  Chief  of  Bureau.) 

The  work  consisi  -eciiring.  packet  ing,  and  mailing  of  the  quantities  of 

able,  Mower.  and  '  -;s  and  plants  necessary  fur  i-ungressional  dis- 

tribution, as  well  as  the  testing,  propagation.  and  distribution  of  improved 
seed  of  various  crops. 

Staff.  —  Leon  Estnbrook.  executive  assistant,  In  general  charge;  Oliver  1". 

Jones,  executive  clerk;  J.  K.  \V.  Tracy,  assistant  sui»erintendeiit  :  ami  .lus.  I'. 
Reed,  assistant. 

FOKKH.N  SI-KH  ANU  PLANT  INTRODUCTION. 
I»,\ii)  FAIRCIULU,  agricultural  explorer  in  charge. 

This  branch  of  the  bureau  Is  concerned  with  the  introduction  and  establish- 
ment of  new  plant  industries.  Promising  new  seeds  and  plants  are  secured 
both  by  agricultural  exploration  and  by  correspondence,  and  those  are  tested 
at  the  plant-introduction  gardens  or  through  cooperation  with  other  bun 
and  offices  of  this  bureau,  experiment  stations,  experin-enters.  and  private 
Individuals.  Investigations  in  plant  propagation  and  in  the  development  of 
certain  plant  industries  are  features  of  the  work. 

Scientific  staff.—  P.  H.  Dorsett  and  Peter  Bisset,  expert  plant  introducers; 
Frank  N.  Meyer,  agricultural  explorer;  George  W.  Oliver,  expert  propagator: 
H.  C.  Skeels  and  It.  A.  Young,  scientific  assistants;  Stephen  ('  Stun/,  botanical 
assistant;  E.  C.  Green,  ponioi.iL'ist  in  charge  of  South  Texas  plant-introduction 
Garden,  Brownsville,  Tex.;  Robert  L.  Beagles,  agent,  acting  in  charge  of 
Plant-Introduction  Garden,  Chico,  Cal.  :  Kdward  Simmonds,  gardener,  in  ch: 
of  Subtropical  Plant-introduction  Garden.  Miami,  Kla.:  John  M.  nankin,  expert. 
In  charge  of  Yarrow  Plant-Introduction  Garden,  Hockville.  Md.  :  Kdward 
Gonchor,  J.  II  Allison.  W.  H.  F.  Gommo.  and  Roy  F.  Mann,  experts. 

FOREST  SERVICE. 

lliMiV  S.  CKAVKS;  dx.s(,<-i<it<   f<,r<  *t<  r.  AI.HKKT  1  .  !'• 


The   Forest    Service  collects  and  di^eminates  'nformation  of  practical   value 
b.-ai  in.tr  on  the  maintenance,  improvement,  extension,  and  mili/.ation  ,.t   A: 
can    forests;    examines    into   and    report  s   on    the   desirability   of   crealinu' 
Natiunal    Forests  on   public   lands,  and   of  extending  or  modifying  the   pi  • 
forest   boundaries,    and    makes   suui:  >t  iui  s   to   timber-land   owners,    public   and 
private,  to  secure  the  introduction  and  practice  ,.f  f«-iest   management.      I; 
the  technical  and  business  management  of  the  National  !•'•  '.-'.  under 

the  direction  of  the  Secretary  ef  Agriculture,  jurisdiction  in  all  matters  involved 
in  the  protection.  u«e.  and  occupancy  <>!'  the  t 
timber  and  stone,  timl.er  sales,  trra/ing.  rights  of  way.  ami  other  i 

The   s.-rvice  devises   the   methods   under   which    National.    State,   and    prival" 

-is    may    be    both    conveniently    and    profitably    lumbered.      It    sti;.< 
inercially  rateable  trees  to  determine  how.  under  forestry,  their  continued  pn>- 
duction  'may    be   .-inured   and    their   yield    incrcasi-d;    investigates   the   relation 
I.etween    the   forest   and   lire,    -raxing.   Inn  ream   How.  01  ion; 

.•inn-ends  trees  and   methods  suitable  for  i 
ductive  planting  in  different  regions;  reforests  denuded  areas  on  the  National 


FOREST   SERVICE.  21 

Forests,  and  makes  practical  suggestions  i.o  tree  planters ;  tests  the  strength  and 
durability  of  construction  timbers,  railroad  ties,  find  other  materials,  and  the 
rein  Vive  value  of  different  methods  of  preservative  treatment  of  timber;  con- 
ducts inquiries  into  forest  products,  improvements  in  the  methods  of  securing 
them,  the  saving  of  waste  in  thoir  manufacture,  and  new  sources  of  supply. 

The  field  work  of  the  service  includes  the  study  of  forest  conditions  and 
problems  all  over  the  country;  the  mapping  of  large  areas  of  timber  land, 
chiefly  on  the  public  domain,  to  show  the  character  and  utility  of  the  growth; 
investigations  of  the  grazing  and  fire  problems  in  the  National  Forests  and  else- 
where ;  the  giving  of  advice  to  owners  of  forest  lands,  and  to  farmers  and  others 
in  need  of  planted  forest  growth  for  protection  or  wood  supply,  and  the  develop- 
ment of  conservative  lumbering  methods,  which  provides  for  forest  management 
on  business  principles.  The  land  for  the  management  of  which  the  advice  of 
the  service  has  been  asked  and  furnished  is  in  many  tracts,  large  and  small, 
and  is  owned  by  individuals,  clubs,  corporations,  several  of  the  States,  and  the 
United  States  Government. 

The  work  of  the  Forest  Service  is  organized  under  the  office  of  the  Forester, 
~>  brunches,  and  6  districts.  The  office  of  the  Forester  includes  inspection, 
office  of  the  editor,  dendrology,  and  accounts.  The  branches  are :  Operation, 
which  includes  the  offices  of  geography  and  maintenance ;  lands,  which  includes 
the.  offices  of  occupancy  and  claims;  silviculture,  which  includes  the  offices  of 
State  cooperation,  forest  management  in  the  East,  and  silvics;  grazing;  and 
products,  which  includes  the  office  of  wood  utilization  and  the  forest  products 
laboratory.  The  district  offices  are  located  as  follows:  District  ],  Missoula, 
Mont.;  district  2,  Denver,  Colo.;  district  3,  Albuquerque,  N.  Mex. ;  district  4, 
Ogden,  Utah  ;  district  5,  San  Francisco,  Cal. ;  district  6,  Portland,  Oreg.  Each 
district  office  is  organized  under  a  district  forester  and  5  offices.  The  offices 
are  operation,  lands,  silviculture,  grazing,  and  products. 

INSPECTION. 

(Under  the  direction  of  the  Forester  and  Associate  Forester.) 
D.  D.  BRONSON,  general  inspector. 

Inspection  covers  only  questions  of  special  importance  on  the  National  Forests 
and  elsewhere  in  the  work  of  the  Forest  Service. 

OFFICE  OF  THE  EDITOR. 
HERBERT  A.  SMITH,  editor. 

This  office  has  charge  of  all  the  editorial  and  educational  work  of  the  service, 
including  the  review  and  proof  reading  of  its  publications  and  forms,  coopera- 
tion with  teachers,  officers  of  public  instruction,  and  others  to  bring  home  the 
lessons  of  forestry  through  school  instruction  and  other  channels,  and  the 
preparation,  installation,  and  care  of  forest  exhibits.  The  care  and  use  of  the 
lantern-slide  collection  also  comes  under  this  office. 

DENDROLOGY. 
C;EOK«E  R   SUDWORTH,  dcndroloffist ;  CLAYTON  D.  MEIJ,,  assistant  dentrologist. 

This  line  of  work  comprises  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  life  history  of 
forests  and  forest  trees,  including  technical  studies  of  the  distinguishing  char- 
acteristics of  native  and  exotic  tree  species  and  their  woods.  Social  attention 
is  given  to  the  identification  of  trees  and  their  products  and  to  determining  the 
geographical  and  commercial  distribution  of  tree  species  and  forests,  as  well  as 
to  the  investigation  of  forest  resources,  which  include  investigations  of  forest 
areas  to  determine  the  kinds,  quality,  and  quantity  of  timber  available. 

ACCOUNTS. 

(Division  of  Accounts  and  Disbursements,  Forest  Service  branch.1) 
M.  E.  FAGAN,  chief;  E.  A.  MELZER,  assistant  chief. 

This  office  is  in  charge  of  all  fiscal  matters  pertaining  to  the  Forest  Service — 
general  bookkeeping,  controlling  accounts,  allotments  and  liabilities,  and  all 


22          ORGANIXATH'N    "T    |.|C\I;IM  \i.l:i«   ri/i  ri:K,    mil. 

operations  of  diM  riit  tis.-al  a---nts.  Appointments,  promo  linns,  furlouirhs.  l,-a\e 
without  pay.  mill  iiniiual  le.-ue  of  members  (,f  tin-  service  whose  headquarters 
are  Wuhlncton,  us  \\<-ll  as  letters  of  authorization.  are  prepared  and  recorded 
in  this  office.  Payment  of  tin-  salaries  ami  excuses  (,f  ||..  ,.,1  in  in- 

vestigative \v<>rk  on  the  National  Forests  ami  who-.-  headquarters  are  Wash 
Ington.  and  the  compilation  of  the  reports  of  tin-  disiri.-t  liseal  agents.  which 
need  to  be  combined  before  being  submitted  to  the  Treasurer  or  n  ,  v  of 

Agriculture  are  also  handled  by  this  otn.-e. 

Branch  of  Operation. 

JAMES  B.  ADAMS,  assistant  forester  in  charge;  FKANKUN  W.  Kim.  ' 
inspector;  G.  G.  ANDERSON,  assitttimt  in  nffin-  m<  //,,„/.„. 


This  branch  has  general  supervision  of  the  personnel,  quartern,  equipment, 
supplies,  and  of  all  permanent  Improvement  work  on  the  National  Forests,  and 
of  the  survey  of  the  boundaries  and  changes  In  area  of  the  forests  In  addition 
it  includes  the  following  offices  : 

•GBAFHT. 

FKKI>  <;.  I'i  r  \IMI  it,  i-ltiff. 

The  work  of  this  office  includes  the  collection  and  preservation  of  maps    the 
compilation  of  general  maps  and  folios  for  the  Forest  Atlas,  and  the  sui-ervisioii 
of  the  engraving  and  printing  of  maps  and  diagrams.    The  tabulation  of  f. 
statistics  is  included  in  the  duties  of  this  office.    Upon  the  request  of  fo 
officers  and  Independently  it  also  collects  and  records  the  status  of  lands  within 
the  National   Forests.    The  photographic  work  of  the  service,  Including  the 
manufacture  of  transparencies,  bromides,  and  lantern  slides,  also  comes  under 
geography. 

MAINTENANCE. 

<>KO.  A.  BENTLEY,  chief. 

The  work  of  this  office  Includes  all  matters  relating  to  the  <are  of  quarters 
and  the  custody  of  supplies,  furniture,  Instruments,  and  other  equipment  in 
Washington,  D.  C.  It  maintains  a  sufficient  force  of  stenographers  to  do  all 
stenographic  and  mlmeographic  work  in  the  Washington  office  which  is  not 
done  by  the  office  stenographers  and  to  furnish  details  of  stenographers  to 
other  offices  In  the  absence  of  those  regularly  assigned. 

Branch  of  Lands. 
JAMES  B.  ADAMS,  assistant  psrester  in  charge;  O.  C.  MKRRiLf.,  chief  cn(iitic<  r. 

This  branch  has  general  supervision  of  all  matters  relating  to  the  applica- 
tion of  the  public  land  laws  to  the  lands  within  the  National  Forests  and  in- 
cludes the  following  offices: 

CLAIMS. 
J.  I.  PARKER,  in  charge. 

The  work  of  this  office  includes  all  matters  relating  to  claims  on  the  National 
Forests  prior  to  proceedings  before  registers  and  receivers  on  hearings  ordered 
and  cooperates  with  the  office  of  the  Solicitor  In  procuring  necessary  evidence 
to  sustain  the  department's  contests.  This  office  also  administers  all  matters 
relating  to  the  act  of  June  11,  1906,  and  the  acquisition  of  administrative  - 

OCCTJPANCT. 
CHARLES  H.  SQUIRE,  in  charge. 

The  work  of  this  office  comprises  all  matters  relating  to  the  occupancy  of 
national  forest  land,  Including  the  handling  of  all  routine  connected  with  the 
occupancy  and  use  of  forest  land  for  hydro-electric  power  purjx)ses  and  of  all 
reports  to  the  Department  of  the  Interior  upon  rights  of  way  granted  by  the 
Secretary  of  the  Interior  upon  such  lands. 


FOREST  SERVICE.  23 

Branch  of  Silviculture. 
W.  B.  GREELEY,  assistant  forester  in  charge;  EARLE  H.  CLAPP,  forest  inspector. 

Through  the  district  foresters  silviculture  has  general  supervision  of  timber 
sales,  forest  planting,  forest  investigations,  and  working  plans  for  the  National 
Forests.  In  addition  it  includes  the  following  offices : 

STATE  COOPERATION. 
J.  G.  PETERS,  chief. 

The  office  of  State  cooperation,  in  cooperation  with  the  States,  investigates 
forest  conditions  and  suggests  needed  State  legislation  and  forest  policies. 

FOREST  MANAGEMENT  IN  THE  EAST. 

The  office  of  forest  management  in  the  East  deals  with  the  practical  manage- 
ment of  forests  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  United  States.  It  furnishes  informa- 
tion to  owners  regarding  the  care  of  their  woodlands  and  gives  advice  as  to 
the  best  species  of  trees  to  plant. 

SILVICS. 
RAPHAEL  ZON,   chief. 

The  office  of  silvics  deals  mainly  with  the  general  scientific  problems  under- 
lying the  practical  management  of  national  and  private  forests.  It  investigates 
the  factors  controlling  the  distribution  of  forests  and  forest  trees  throughout 
the  United  States,  the  relation  of  forests  to  stream  flow  and  climate,  and  the 
conditions  under  which  natural  regeneration  of  cut-over,  burned-over,  or  other- 
wise denuded  areas  takes  place.  It  also  studies  the  different  requirements 
which  commercial  or  otherwise  important  species  have  upon  climate,  soil,  mois- 
ture, and  light.  The  library  of  the  Forest  Service  is  connected  with  this  office. 
It  contains  12,200  books  and  pamphlets  on  forestry  and  allied  subjects,  and 
29,641  photographs  of  trees  and  forest  conditions. 

Branch,  of  Grazing. 

ALBERT  F.  POTTER,  associate  forester  in  charge;  LEON  F.  KNEIPP,  assistant 
forester;  WILL  C.  BARNES,  inspector  of  grazing. 

The  branch  of  grazing  has,  through  the  district  foresters,  general  supervision 
of  the  range  in  the  National  Forests.  When  the  number  of  stock  to  be  allowed 
on  each  National  Forest  has  been  determined  by  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture 
the  branch  of  grazing  establishes  the  yearlong  grazing  fee  to  be  charged  for 
each  class  of  stock,  and  authorizes  the  grazing  of  sheep  and  goats  upon  those 
portions  of  the  forests  which  in  the  judgment  of  the  Forester  may  properly  be 
opened  to  them.  It  also  has  charge  of  all  scientific  investigations  which  con- 
cern the  best  use  of  the  forage  resources  of  the  National  Forests. 

Branch  of  Products. 

MCGARVEY  CLINE,  in  charge. 

LABORATORY. 


A  forest-products  laboratory  is  maintained  in  cooperation  with  the  Univer- 
sity of  Wisconsin,  at  Madison.  Wis.  The  laboratory  conducts  the  following 
classes  of  experimental  investigations  in  the  utilization  of  forest  products: 
(1)  The  investigation  of  problems  in  experimental  research;  (2)  experimenta 
work  in  cooperation  with  commercial  operations  to  verify  laboratory  experi- 
ments on  a  commercial  scale;  (3)  cooperation  with  individuals  or  companies 
to  assist  them  in  applying  principles  and  processes  of  proved  commercial  value. 


ORGANIZATION    OF   DEPARTMENT   OP   AGRICULTURE,  1911. 

The  lines  of  work  pursued  are  UH  follows : 

Wood  preservaUon,  which  includes  the  study  of  all  problems  related  to  the 
impregnation  of  wood  with  preservatives  and  other  substances. 

\\.Mil  chemistry,  which  covers  all  work  hearing  on  the  chemical  utilization  of 
fore.st  product*.  \Vood  distillation,  paper  pulp,  and  other  liber  products,  chemi- 
cal analyses  of  creosotes,  turpentines,  etc.,  are  the  principal  lines. 

Timber  tests,  including  the  charge  of  ull  tests  to  (let ermine  the  strength  and 
other  nut-hanical  proj>erties  of  different  woods. 

Technology,  covering  the  study  <  1  the  microscopic  structure  of  wood,  methods 
of  seasoning  and  drying  it,  and  other  problems  of  a  purely  technical  character. 

Maintenance,  which  include*  llliiin.  computing,  the  purchase  of  supplies,  and 
general  care  of  the  entire  laboratory. 

WOOD    111!  I/.ATIO.N. 

H.  S.  SACKETT,  in  charge. 
(Fisher  Building,  Chicago,  111.) 

The  work  of  this  office  is  to  further  by  statistical  investigation  the  use  of 
materials  which  come  from  the  forest.  The  work  consists  of  studies  of  the 
wood-using  Industries  of  various  States,  the  study  of  woods  used  in  manufacture, 
and  of  the  methods  of  disposing  of  mill  waste,  the  collection  of  statistics  on 
the  price  of  lumber  at  the  mill  and  at  the  principal  distributing  markets  of  the 
country,  and  the  study  of  specifications  and  grading  rules.  The  office  also 
secures  statistics  of  forest  products  of  importance  to  the  experimental  work  of 
the  Service  and  studies  the  movements  of  lumber  to  and  from  the  principal  lum- 
ber markets. 

WASHINGTON  OFFICE. 
O.  T.  SWAN,  in  charge. 

This  office  represents  the  branch  of  products  in  Washington,  and  handles  the 
products  work  in  the  East. 

Acquisition  of  Lands  Under  the  Weeks  Law. 

WM.  L.  HALL,  assistant  forester,   in  charge;  A.  K.  CHITTENDEN   and  CLYDE 
LEAVITT,  forest  inspectors. 

This  office  designates  the  areas  where  lands  are  to  be  purchased,  receives 
proposals,  examines  lands,  and  prepares  recommendations  for  the  Secretary 
of  Agriculture  and  the  National  Forest  Reservation  Commission  on  lands  to  be 
acquired  under  the  act  of  Congress,  approved  March  1,  1911,  for  the  protection 
of  the  watersheds  of  navigable  streams. 

Districts. 

DISTRICT  1. — F.  A.  SILCOX.  district  forester;  E.  W.  KRAMER,  district  engineer. 
Office  at  Missoula,  Mont. 

DISTRICT  2.— SMITH  RILEV.  district  forester;  T.  W.  NORCROSS,  district  en- 
gineer. Office  at  Denver,  Colo. 

DISTRICT  3. — A.  C.  RIN«;I.AND.  district  forester.  Office  at  Albuquerque, 
N.  Mex. 

DISTRICT  4.— E.  A.  SHERMAN.  <n*triet  forester;  J.  P.  MARTIN,  district  engineer. 
Office  at  Ogden,  Utah. 

DISTRICT  5.— COERT  DuBois,  actint/  district  forester;  WALTER  L.  HUBER,  dis- 
trict engineer.  Office  at  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

DISTRICT  6. — GEORGE  H.  CECIL,  district  forester;  W.  E.  HERRING,  district 
engineer.  Office  at  Portland,  Oreg. 

OPERATION. 

DISTRICT  1. — .7.  F.  PRESTON,  assistant  dixtri<-t  forester. 
DISTRICT  2. — FRED  W.  MORRM.I..  <i**ixt<iHt  district  forester. 
DISTRICTS. — A.  O.  WAIIA  and  A.  S    I'M  K.  nxxixtant  district  foresters. 
DISTRICT  4.— A.  C.  McCAiN,  assistant  district  forester. 
DISTRICT  5. — ROY  HEADLEY,  assistant  district  forester. 
DISTRICT  6. — C.  H.  FLORY,  assistant  district  forester. 


CHEMISTRY   BUREAU.  25 

The  office  of  operation  in  each  district  has  charge  of  the  protection  of  the 
National  Forests,  the  organization,  maintenance,  and  equipment  of  the  per- 
sonnel, and  the  supervision  of  all  permanent  improvement  work.  It  recom- 
mends to  the  district  forester  changes  in  the  area  of  existing  forests  and  the 
creation  of  new  forests ;  and  it  has  charge  of  the  special-use  business  of  the 
district  and  the  maintenance  of  flies  and  other  equipment. 

SILVICULTURE. 

DISTRICT  1. — R.  Y.  STUART,  assistant  district  forester. 

DISTRICT  2. — S.  L.  MOORE,  assistant  district  forester. 

DISTRICT  3. — T.  S.  WOOLSEY,  Jr.,  and  A.  B.  RECKNAGEL,  assistant  district 
foresters. 

DISTRICT  4. — OVID  M.  BUTLER,  assistant  district  forester. 

DISTRICT  5. — T.  D.  WOODBURT,  assistant  district  forester. 

DISTRICT  6. — F.  E.  AMES,  assistant  district  forester. 

The  office  of  silviculture  in  each  district  has  charge  of  the  sale  and  free  use 
of  timber,  of  all  planting  work,  and  of  all  silvical  studies  on  the  National  Forests 
within  the  district.  It  also  has  charge  of  all  work  within  the  district  similar 
to  that'done  on  forest  lands  outside  the  districts  by  the  offices  of  State  cooper- 
ation and  forest  management  in  the  East  at  Washington. 

GRAZING. 

DISTRICT  1. — C.  H.  ADAMS,  assistant  district  forester. 

DISTRICT  2. — J.  W.  NELSON,  assistant  district  forester. 

DISTRICT  3. — JOHN  KERR,  assistant  district  forester. 

DISTRICT  4. — HOMER  E.  FENN,  assistant  district  forester. 

DISTRICT  5. — JOHN  H.  HATTON,  assistant  district  forester. 

DISTRICT  6. — T.  P.  MCKENZIE,  assistant  district  forester. 

The  office  of  grazing  in  each  district  has  supervision  of  all  grazing  matters 
upon  the  National  Forests  under  the  allowances,  periods,  rates,  and  general  range 
divisions  established  by  the  branch  of  grazing  according  to  existing  regulations. 

PRODUCTS. 

DISTRICT  2. — H.  S.  BETTS,  assistant  district  forester. 

DISTRICT  5. — C.  S.  SMITH,  assistant  district  forester. 

DISTRICT  6. — J.  B.  KNAPP,  assistant  district  forester. 

The  office  of  products  in  each  district  has  charge  of  the  work  within  the  dis- 
trict similar  to  that  done  outside  the  districts  tty  the  offices  of  wood  utilization 
and  the  forest-products  laboratory. 

BUREAU  OF  CHEMISTRY. 

Chief,  HARVEY  W.  WILEY;  F.  L.  DUNLAP,  associate  chemist  and  acting  chief 
in  the  absence  of  the  chief;  W.  D.  BIGELOW,  assistant  chief  of  bureau;  F.  B. 
LINTON,  chief  clerk;  A.  L.  PIERCE,  editor;  A.  E.  DRAPER,  librarian. 

The  Bureau  of  Chemistry  is  concerned  primarily  with  questions  of  agricul- 
tural chemistry  of  public  interest,  analytical  work  and  investigations  under  the 
•food  and  drugs  act,  and  other  chemical  investigations  referred  to  it  by  the 
Government.  Such  investigations  include  studies  on  the  effects  of  storage  on 
foods,  especially  on  drawn  and  undrawn  poultry,  eggs,  etc.,  and  physiological 
experiments  to  determine  the  nutritive  value  of  certain  foods  and  the  effect  of 
substances  added  to  foods  and  beverages  on  health  and  digestion.  The  exami- 
nation of  samples  of  foods  and  drugs  under  section  4  of  the  food  and  drugs  act, 
June  30,  1906,  constitutes  an  important  part  of  the  work.  The  chief  of  the 
bureau  is  chairman  and  the  associate  chemist  is  ser-rotary  of  the  Board  of 
Food  and  Drug  Inspection  (see  p.  51),  which  conducts  or  has  supervision  of  all 
hearings  afforded  interested  parties,  as  provided  in  section  4  of  the  food  and 
drugs  act,  and  passes  on  questions  of  importation  of  foods  and  drugs,  under 
section  11  of  the  same  act.  Inquiries  of  value  to  individuals  only,  or  to  a  small 
group  of  individuals,  can  not  be  considered:  in  general,  miscellaneous  samples 
can  not  be  examined.  The  bureau,  by  direction  of  the  Secretary,  has  charge  of 
all  the  chemical  work  of  the  department  not  otherwise  provided  for  by  law. 


26  ORGANIZATION   OF  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE,  1011. 

ORCKMENT   OF   THE    FOOD    AND    DRUGS   ACT. 

While  all  the  divisions  and  laboratories  cooperate  to  a  greater  or  less  degree 
In  the  analytical  work  contingent  ii|>on  the  inspection  of  foods  and  drugs,  the 
imreMu  organization  directly  concerned  In  tlu-  ndniinistrntlon  of  the  law  is  as 
follows  : 

The  Division  of  Foods  is  lu  charge  of  the  analytical  work  on  foods  performed 
nt  the  central  bureau  in  the  enforcement  of  the  law,  makes  check  analyses  on 
doubtful  samples  referred  to  it  by  the  food  and  drug  inspection  laboratories, 
and  renders  the  final  decision  as  to  the  analytical  results,  BO  far  as  the  Hnreau 
of  Chemistry  is  concerned.  In  general,  this  work  Is  done  in  the  Washington 
Food  Inspection  Laboratory  of  the  Division  of  r<><  ds.  L.  M.  Tolman,  chief.  The 
Division  of  Drugs  performs  the  same  work  In  regard  to  drugs,  medicines,  etc., 
and  the  Miscellaneous  Division  has  charge  of  the  water  and  cnltlc  food  work 
under  the  law. 

The  Chief  of  the  Division  of  Foods,  who  is  also  assistant  chief  of  bureau, 
installs  the  Inspection  laboratories  and  has  charge  of  the  administrative  detail 
in  connection  with  their  work,  although  the  chiefs  of  these  laboratories  report 
directly  to  the  chief  of  bureau,  who  Is  charged  by  the  Secretary  with  the  details 
of  bureau  administration  Involved.  Food  and  drug  inspection  laboratories  have 
been  established  at  the  following  points:  Boston,  B.  H.  Smith,  chief;  Buffalo, 
W.  L.  Dubols,  chief;  Chicago,  A.  L.  Winton,  chief;  Cincinnati,  B.  II.  Hart,  chief; 
Denver,  R.  S.  Hiltner,  chief;  Detroit,  H.  L.  Schulz,  chief;  Galveston,  T.  F. 
Pappe,  chief;  Honolulu,  Hawaii,  E.  B.  Blanchard,  acting;  Kansas  City,  Mo., 
F.  W.  Llepsner,  chief;  Nashville,  R.  W.  Balcom,  chief;  New  Orleans,  W.  J. 
McGee,  chief;  New  York,  R.  E.  Doolittle,  chief;  Omaha,  S.  H.  Ross,  chief; 
Philadelphia,  C.  S.  Brinton,  chief;  Pittsburg,  M.  C.  Albrech,  chief;  Portland, 
Oreg.,  A.  L.  Knisely,  chief;  St.  Louis,  D.  B.  Blsbee,  chief;  St.  Paul,  A.  S. 
Mitchell,  chief;  San  Francisco,  R.  A.  Gould,  chief;  Savannah,  W.  C.  Burnet, 
chief ;  Seattle,  H.  M.  Loomls,  chief. 

OFFICE  OF  CHIEF  INSPECTOR. 

The  corps  of  40  inspectors  under  a  chief  inspector,  W.  G.  Campbell,  who  re- 
ports directly  to  the  chief  of  bureau,  has  headquarters  at  Washington,  and  the 
inspectors  receive  their  directions  from  and  make  their  reports  to  the  chief  in- 
spector at  that  point.  The  taking  of  samples  for  analysis  constitutes  their  chief 
duty,  though  special  investigations  In  collaboration  with  the  chemists  are  also 
made,  and  factories  where  articles  of  food  or  drugs  are  prepared,  are  also 
inspected. 

DIVISION  OF  FOODS. 
W.  D.  BIOELOW,  chief. 

Food  inspection  laboratory:  L.  M.  TOLMAN,  chief.  Assistants:  M.  BOYLE, 
A.  M.  DOYLE,  E.  H.  GOODNOW,  WM.  E.  HILLYER,  R.  C.  KENT,  C.  M.  MACKALL,  L. 
C.  MITCHELL,  J.  I.  PALMORE,  J.  G.  RILEY,  A.  L.  SULLIVAN,  and  W.  C.  TABOR. 

Food  technology  laboratory:  E.  M.  CHACE,  chief  and  assistant  chief  of 
division.  Assistants:  A.  W.  BROOMELL,  C.  O.  DODGE,  and  C.  P.  WILSON. 

Oil,  fat,  and  wax  laboratory :  H.  8.  BAILEY,  chief. 

The  assistants  working  directly  under  the  chief  of  the  division  are  R.  F. 
BACON,  C.  W.  CLARK,  P.  B.  DUNBAR,  H.  C.  GORE,  and  J.  M.  JOHNSON. 

The  division  of  foods  Is  charged  with  the  food  Investigations  made  by  the 
bureau,  and  the  laboratories  named  were  created  therein  on  July  1,  1908.  In 
the  past  much  work  has  been  done  with  various  kinds  of  food  purchased  In  the 
open  market.  In  order  to  determine  their  purity  and  the  character  of  adultera- 
tion commonly  practiced.  Careful  attention  has  long  been  given  to  this  sub- 
ject under  the  provisions  of  the  appropriation  act  authorizing  the  Bureau  of 
Chemistry  to  Investigate  the  adulteration,  false  labeling,  and  false  branding  of 
food  products. 

Aside  from  the  other  Inquiries  mentioned,  the  Division  of  Foods  studies 
analytical  methods  necessary  for  the  examination  of  food.  This  work  is  partly 
done  in  collaboration  with  the  Association  of  Official  Agricultural  Chemists,  of 
which  the  chief  of  the  bureau  is  the  secretary.  Special  studies  are  made  from 
time  to  time  of  the  Influence  of  methods  of  manufacture  and  other  conditions 


CHEMISTRY   BUREAU.  27 

upon  tlie  composition  and  wholesoineness  of  food  with  respect  to  the  enforcement 
of  the  food  and  drugs  act.  Among  the  subjects  now  under  investigation  are 
the  following:  The  preparation  of  by-products  from  waste  citrus  fruits;  the 
study  of  the  changes  in  composition  of  cider  and  other  saccharine  products  in 
the  manufacture  of  vinegar ;  the  handling  and  shipment  of  oysters ;  the  influence 
of  tin  receptacles  and  of  lacquers  used  for  lining  them  on  the  character  and  com- 
position of  food ;  the  composition  of  various  varieties  of  soy  beans  and  the  char- 
acter of  the  oil  produced  from  them  ;  and  the  determination  of  the  character  and 
quantity  of  the  various  organic  acids  in  different  types  of  foods. 

H.  C.  Gore  is  in  charge  of  special  studies  on  fruits  and  fruit  products  con- 
ducted in  cooperation  with  the  Bureau  of  Plant  Industry.  The  principal  sub- 
jects of  study  at  present  are  as  follows:  The  preparation  of  unfermented  juices 
from  apples,  grapes,  and  the  small  fruits;  the  preparation  of  sugared,  dried 
pineapple ;  and  the  treatment  of  Japanese  persimmons  by  a  modification  of  the 
Japanese  method  for  rendering  them  nonastringent ;  studies  on  the  respiration 
and  composition  of  fruit,  and  the  application  of  the  data  obtained  thereby  to 
problems  of  transportation  and  storage. 

The  work  in  connection  with  the  enforcement  of  the  food  and  drugs  act, 
June  30,  1906,  naturally  divides  itself  into  two  portions:  First,  the  inspection 
of  foods  and  drugs  sold  in  the  District  of  Columbia  and  the  Territories,  or 
shipped  in  interstate  commerce;  second,  the  inspection  of  foods  imported  into 
the  United  States  from  foreign  countries.  The  samples  of  foods  collected  in  the 
vicinity  of  Washington  are  examined  in  the  food-inspection  laboratory  of  the 
Division  of  Foods,  in  which  laboratory  the  results  of  the  branch  laboratories 
on  condemned  samples,  whether  imported  or  domestic,  are  also  checked,  with 
the  exception  of  flavoring  extracts,  which  are  examined  in  the  food  technology 
laboratory. 
• 

DIVISION  OF  DRUGS. 

L.  F.  KEBLER,  chief. 

Drug  inspection  laboratory,  G.  W.  HOOVER,  chief. 
Synthetic  products  laboratory,   W.   O.   EMERY,  chief. 
Essential  oils  laboratory,  under  chief  of  division. 
Pharmacological  laboratory,  WM.  SALANT,  chief. 

This  division  has  for  its  object  the  study  of  the  properties,  composition,  and 
quality  of  drugs  and  medicinal  preparations  of  all  kinds.  A  large  part  of  its 
work  consists  in  the  study  of  official  and  new  methods  and  the  acquisition  of 
data  which  may  lead  to  more  satisfactory  and  accurate  analytical  processes, 
especially  for  testing  potent  plant  drugs  and  products  derived  from  them.  The 
chief  of  the  Drug  Division,  as  referee  on  medicinal  plants  and  drugs  of  the 
Association  of  Official  Agricultural  Chemists,  has  undertaken  a  collaborative 
study  of  drug  assay  methods;  as  associate  referee  the  chief  of  the  synthetic 
products  laboratory  is  studying  methods  for  determining  synthetic  chemicals  in 
various  combinations;  and  Mr.  H.  C.  Fuller  is  investigating  methods  for  analyz- 
ing medicated  soft  drinks.  Many  samples  of  manufactured  pharmaceutical 
preparations  have  been  examined  for  the  council  of  pharmacy  and  chemistry 
of  the  American  Medical  Association.  The  several  departments  of  the  Govern- 
ment submit  samples  of  drug  products  to  this  division  for  examination,  and,  in 
accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  appropriation  act,  many  fraudulent 
medicinal  products  are  investigated  for  the  Post  Office  Department.  All  chem- 
ical supplies  bought  by  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry  are  examined  in  the  Division 
of  Drugs  previous  to  their  acceptance ;  examinations  of  supplies  are  also  made 
for  the  general  supply  committee  of  the  Government.  Analyses  of  medicinal 
plants  and  other  products  are  made  for  the  Bureau  of  Plant  Industry,  medicines 
are  examined  for  the  War  Department,  and  investigations  are  conducted  in 
collaboration  with  the  Bureau  of  Entomology  and  the  Division  of  Foods  of 
this  bureau. 

A  careful  study  of  those  medicinal  remedies  included  in  the  United  States 
Pharmacopoeia  for  which  there  are  no  methods  of  analysis  or  recognized  stand- 
ards at  present,  and  of  some  remedies  not  so  recognized,  is  now  in  progress  for 
the  purpose  of  developing  methods  of  analysis  and  acquiring  data  upon  which 
uniform  methods  and  standards  of  composition,  quality,  and  strength  may  be 
based.  The  change  of  composition  or  deterioration,  due  to  age  or  other  causes. 


28  OROAM/ATK'N     "I      1'1.1'AIM  M  \. ,  i!  I  < '  T  I/I't '  UK,    litl  1 . 

of  erude  drugs  and  linisi.ed  product--  'died.      !,,  .,,,<  ,,f  .,n  ,],.,,,, 

product-,  in-  medicinal  agents   lor  adulteration  HIM!  mishrandini.'.  :is  pro\  ided   in 
section   i  .1     ,,.•.,,  ,;,.  m  ,  llis  ,1;.  j^,,,, 

or    under    it-    mipervtolttn,    ami    similar  are    :<is(,    conducted    iii 

cooperation   \\ilii   tin-  American    Medical   A -social  i«'H.      A    number  of  pharm 
tical  chemists  arc  stationed  at    tin-  liran.-h   laboratories  of  tin-  Bureau   of  ( 'hom- 
istry  for  the  examination  of  drug  products  imported  into  the  rnited  Si 

The    following    assistants    comprise    the    scientific    fop-,.    of    Hie    Division    of 
Drills:    II.    !•:     Buchhinder.    \.    K.    Chesnnt,    K     0     i:    ton,    II.    C.    Ku! 
Le  Kebxre.   !•:.  C.  .Merrill.  K.  T.  Moroni.  A.  <;.   Murray.   I •;.   K.  N.-I  !kin, 

O.  K.  Parker,  J.  K.   riielps.  .1.   H.   Kie-er.   K    K.  Shively.  and  M.  <>.  St-.p. 

MISCELLANEOUS  DIVISION. 
.1.    K      IlAYWOOD,   Chief. 

Water  lal>oratory,   W.   W.   SKIN.MK.  /•/•;.  f.-  r/.<trf*fa«f«,  W.  D.  COLLINS,  D.  C. 
DTEB,  P.  J.  Fox,  J.  B.  REED,  and  J.  W.  SALE. 

Cattle-food   and  grain   laboratory,  G.   L.   RIDWEI.I  ,   m-tinu  chief;  n.i."ist' 
0.  E.  GOODBICH  and  H.   L.  \V\i  i  M: 

Insecticide   and    fungicide    laboratory.    C.    ( '.    MC!)O.\M  i  i..    chief;    <t 
J.  P.  MKMI.I.;.  \V.  H.  TOI-K.  H.  ( '.  HOAKK.  and  C.  M.  SMITH. 

Trade  waste  lahoratoi'.v.  inxlrr  chief  uf  ilirixii,n;  f;.v.s/.s7'/;i/.  \V.  \>.  I.VM  H. 

Tliis  division  and  the  four  laboratories  therein  wei'e  formally  oriraiiix.e.l  I,\ 
the  Si«cretary  nndei  date  of  July  1,  1008,  marking  the  loiri.-nl  growth  and  expan- 
sion of  several  lines  of  work,  which  were  originally  autliori/.cd  in  the  in^-.-t  jfjde 
and  water  laboratory  aud  reorganized  under  order  of  the  Secretary  July  1.  1905, 
as  the  miscellaneous  laboratory.  The  principal  lines  of  work  are  the  exuBinattoa 
and  study  of  waters,  cattle  foods,  forapp  crops.  ;r rains,  insecticides  and  fungi- 
cides, trade  wastes,  and  certain  hygienic  problems;  also  such  miscellaneous 
chemical  work  of  the  Bureau  of  chemistry  and  of  other  bureaus  and  di visions 
of  various  departments  of  the  Government  as  may  be  referred  to  this  division 
and  which  does  not  properly  belong  to  other  established  laboratories.  The  work 
on  waters  includes  the  chemical  examination  and  study  of  mineral  waters,  irri- 
ir:'ting  waters,  waters  for  sanitary,  technical,  and  domestic  pnrjioses.  and  of  the 
lM)table  and  medicinal  waters  found  bottled  on  the  market,  for  the  purpose  of 
securing  data  for  use  in  connection  with  the  enforcement  of  the  food  and  dru^s 
act  of  June  30,  1906.  In  collaboration  with  the  Office  of  Grain  Investigation 
of  the  Bureau  of  1'lant  Industry,  studies  are  made  of  the  relative  food  value, 
milling  and  baking  qualities,  and  general  commercial  importance  of  grains,  to- 
gether with  the  adaptability  of  certain  grains  to  specific  purposes.  Cattle  ; 
are  studied  in  order  to  secure  data  for  use  in  connection  with  the  enforcement 
of  the  food  and  drugs  act.  There  are  being  made,  in  collaboration  with  the 
Bureau  of  Kntomology,  experiments  to  determine  the  efficiency  of  certain  in 
cides  and  their  effect  upon  foliage,  and,  in  collaboration  with  several  experiment 
stations,  studies  of  more  complete  methods  of  analysis.  Various  chemical 
studies  are  also  made  of  insecticides  and  fungicides  for  other  bure.sus  of  th" 
department,  and  samples  of  the  same  are  collected  and  examined  for  the  pu: 
of  enforcing  the  national  insect  vide  act  of  1910.  Si»eoial  inve<tisMiiens  .ire 
being  made  of  the  effect  of  smelter  fumes  upon  plants  and  animals  and  the  in- 
jury to  vegetation  and  soils  by  the  contamination  of  irrigating  waters  by  mining 
wastes. 

CONTRACTS  LABORATORY. 

P.    II.    WAI  KI 

The  contracts  laboratory  examines  materials  to  he  purchased  by  the   rnited 
Stai.  inent    of   Agriculture   to   determine    their   purity   and    compliance 

with  specifications,  and  does  collaborative  work  with  other  departments.    The 
work  of  this   laboratory  consists  largely  of  the  examination  of  materials  sub- 
mitted with  bi.is  for  contracts  or  furnished  on  contract  for  the  various  execu- 
tive departments.       It    includes   also   the  examination   of  a    large  number 
\ariety  of  mai'-rlals  regarding  which  then'  has  arisen  some  question 
flcation  for  dutiable  purposes.      An  important  line  of  work  "Stiiration 

of  paints,  in  coo|»eration  with  the  Bureau  of  Standards,  the  Forest  Ser\i--e.  ami 
the  American  Society  for  Testing  Materials. 


CHEMISTRY   BUREAU.  29 

Among  the  more  important  lines  of  contracts  work  may  be  mentioned  the 
investigation  and  examination  of  post-mark  and  canceling  inks,  inking  pads, 
glue,  glycerin,  soap,  lubricating  oils,  and  linoleum  used  by  the  Post  Office  De- 
partment ;  of  disinfectants,  lubricating  oils,  and  chemicals  used  by  the  Govern- 
ment Hospital  for  the  Insane;  of  dry  colors,  oils,  glue,  soap,  steel,  and  miscel- 
laneous supplies  used  by  the  Bureau  of  Engraving  and  Printing;  of  gums,  oils, 
and  alloys  used  by  the  Government  Printing  Office;  of  writing  inks,  typewriter 
ribbons,  carbon  papers,  etc.,  used  in  the  various  executive  departments  where 
permanence  of  records  is  essential ;  of  paints,  oils,  varnishes,  soap,  ink,  type- 
writer ribbons,  etc.,  for  the  general  supply  committee;  of  paints,  oils,  var- 
nishes, chemical  glassware,  and  other  apparatus  used  in  the  Department  of 
Agriculture,  and  of  supplies  for  the  Commissary  Office  of  the  War  Department 
and  for  the  Isthmian  Canal  Commission,  including  paints,  pigments,  oils, 
metals,  and  miscellaneous  supplies.  The  assistants  in  this  laboratory  are 
C.  B.  Bacon,  L.  H.  Bailey,  E.  W.  Boughton,  J.  H.  Bower,  E.  M.  Dawson,  jr., 
I..  Foklstein,  H.  C.  McNeil,  F.  W.  Smither,  and  G.  C.  Schmidt. 

DAIKY  LABORATORY. 
G.  E.  PATP.ICK,  chief. 

The  dairy  laboratory  examines  dairy  products  of  every  description  and 
studies  methods  for  making  such  examinations.  A  large  part  of  the  work  at 
present  is  in  connection  with  the  enforcement  of  the  food  and  drugs  act  of 
1906.  in  the  examination  of  interstate  samples  of  milk,  butter,  cheese,  con- 
densed milks,  dried  milks,  malted  milks,  lactated  foods,  ice  cream,  and  all 
other  dairy  products,  to  determine  questions  as  to  their  adulteration  and  mis- 
branding.  Also  under  section  11  of  the  same  act  referring  to  imported  foods, 
this  laboratory  examines  many  samples  of  imported  dairy  products,  mostly 
cheese,  taken  by  the  customs  officers  at  the  various  ports  of  entry.  Samples  of 
dairy  products  are  also  examined  for  the  general  supply  committee  of  the 
Government,  which  committee  contracts  for  food  supplies  for  certain  institu- 
tions. Samples  received  from  other  sources  than  the  above  are  analyzed  when 
such  work  promises  to  be  of  public  benefit  The  assistants  in  this  laboratory 
are  B.  D.  Johnson,  J.  T.  Keister,  W.  J.  Morgan,  and  B.  B.  Schneider. 

FOOD  RESEARCH  LABORATORY. 
M.  E.  PENNINGTON,  chief. 

The  food  research  laboratory  was  formally  organized  July  1,  1908,  though 
it  had  existed  as  a  laboratory  for  special  investigations  since  April,  1907.  With 
its  formal  establishment  has  come  a  broadening  of  its  field  of  activity,  which 
has  been  very  largely  confined  to  the  study — chemical,  bacteriological,  and  histo- 
logical — of  foods  preserved  by  low  temperatures,  milk,  poultry,  and  eggs  having 
been  especially  selected  for  study,  directing  attention  chiefly  to  their  decomposi- 
tion and  putridity  during  preparation,  transportation,  storage,  and  marketing, 
in  connection  with  the  execution  of  the  food  and  drugs  act ;  the  changes  which 
go  on  in  preserved  foods,  whether  the  means  of  preservation  be  cold,  heat,  chem- 
ical reagents,  or  desiccation,  are  also  studied.  A  special  investigation  of 
frozen  and  dried  eggs  and  egg  products  has  recently  been  inaugurated,  to  be 
conducted  chiefly  in  the  egg-breaking  establishments  and  with  the  cooperation 
of  the  industry.  The  assistants  in  this  laboratory  are  A.  D.  Greenlee,  J.  S. 
Hepburn.  M.  Jenkins,  H.  C.  Pierce,  H.  C.  Robertson,  jr.,  E.  Q.  St.  John,  and 
E.  Witmer. 

LEATHER  AND  PAPER  LABORATORY. 

F.  P.  VEITCH,  chief. 

This  laboratory  conducts  investigations  of  tannins  and  tanning  materials  and 
their  effects  upon  the  strength  and  properties  of  leather,  with  a  view  to  pro- 
moting the  agricultural  industries  relating  to  the  production  of  tannins  and 
tanning  materials  and  leather  of  a  high  quality;  all  technical  problems  of  a 
chemical  nature  relating  to  the  production  of  tannins  and  tanning  products;  all 
technical  problems  of  a  chemical  nature  relating  to  the  production  of  leather; 
all  chemical  and  physical  investigations  of  papers  in  regard  to  their  fitness  for 


80  OBUAM/AI  I.'N     uK    !  ACIil.   t   I/ITKK.    lull. 

.n  tin*  liepartment  of  Airriculture.  mid  other  departments  of  the  Govern- 
ment which  i:  M  such  investigations;  :ill  technical  problems  of  a  -•heni- 
Ical  nature  relating  t<>  the  production  of  paper,  with  a  \i.-\v  t«.  promoting  the 
agricultural  liulnslrit-s  connected  with  the  production  uf  the  raw  materials  and 
to  the  ini|>ni\ fluent  of  the  quality  of  papers  ninde,  and  conserving  paper-ma 
materials;  rhemi.-a!  technical  investigations  of  turpentines  and  resins  for  the 
purpow  of  determining  tlu-ir  chemical  nature  and  industrial  uses  and  improving 
pr.M-es.sfH  of  production  and  jlie  examination  of  turjKMitine  and  rosin  under  the 
food  and  drugs  act.  Chemical -technical  in \  est  iu'at  ions  of  tlse  destri! 
tillation  of  wood  for  the  purpose  of  profitably  utilizing  waste  and  other  \\ 
and  to  improve  the  quality  and  quantity  of  the  products  resulting  therefrom: 
chemical-technical  investigations  of  rubber  for  the  pnrjwse  of  determining  the 
factors  lllMUi  which  values  depend,  and  studies  of  methods  of  COftgUlatton,  and 
to  Increase  the  yield  of  crude  rubber.  Papers,  leathers,  turpentin  and 
textiles  an-  also  examined  for  the  departments  of  the  Government  requesting 
such  work,  and  specifications  are  prepared  for  the  purchase  of  these  articles. 
The  assistants  of  this  laboratory  are  M.  G.  Donk.  II.  I'.  Holnmii,  J.  L.  Merrill, 
1  •:.  <  >.  Heed,  J.  S.  Rogers,  C.  F.  Sammet,  and  C.  F.  Speh. 

MlCBOCHEMICAL    LABORATORY. 

B.  J.  HOWARD,  chief. 

This  laboratory  is  charged  with  the  microscopical  and  niicrochemical  study 
of  foods,  drills,  cattle  feed,  paper  and  textile  mateiials.  miscell.->  <-ui- 

tural  products,  etc.  Special  attention  is  given  to  the  Ideological  study  of  fruits 
spices,  ceieals,  starches,  and  other  agricultural  products,  both  on  account  of  its 
scientific  Interest  and  for  the  purpose  of  perfecting  methods  for  detecting  the 
adulteration  of  thwo  products.  The  laboratory  makes  microscopical  examina- 
tions of  the  urine  and  blood,  in  connection  with  the  work  of  the  bureau  M 
influence  of  preservatives  on  nutrition,  and  cooperates  with  other  branches  of 
the  Government  in  work  of  this  character.  The  assistants  of  this  laboratory 
are  Kate  G.  Barber.  Effle  A.  Read,  C.  H.  Stephenson,  and  W.  J.  Young. 

PHYSICAL  CHEMISTRY  LABORATORY. 

C.  S.  HUDSON,  chief. 

This  laboratory  is  charged  with  the  investigation,  from  a  physical  ch- 
point  of  view,  of  problems  related  to  the  promotion  of  agriculture,  including 
especially  the  study  of  .the  action  of  enzyms,  and  the  development  of  new 
methods  of  chemical  analysis  by  their  use.    The  assistant  is  H.  S.  Paine. 

SUGAR  LABORATORY. 
A.  H.  BRYAN,  chief. 

The  sugar  laboratory  is  charged  with  the  chemical  study  of  sugars  and  other 
carbohydrates.  One  of  its  duties  is  to  examine  the  samples  of  cantaloupes  and 
watermelons  grown  in  collaboration  with  the  agricultural  experiment  stations. 
to  determine  the  effect  of  environment  upon  the  sugar  content.  The  chemical 
work  relating  to  the  domestic  sirup  Industry — that  is.  the  manufacture  gf  ; 
sirup  from  maple  sap  and  maple  sugar,  sorghum  and  sugar  cane — Is  performed 
in  the  sugar  laboratory,  which  also  collaborates  with  the  International  Commis 
slon  for  Uniform  Methods  of  Sugar  Analysis  in  the  standardization  of  inter- 
national quartz  plates  for  the  control  of  polariscopes  in  different  countries. 
Sugar  beets  grown  in  various  parts  of  the  country  are  also  analyzed,  and  the 
effect  of  environment  upon  composition  is  studied.  In  this  connection  a  study 
is  made  of  the  methods  of  determining  sugar  iu  beets,  and  an  examination  .( 
beet  molasses  from  a  large  number  of  sugar  factories  is  in  progress. 

In  collaboration  with  the  apiary  division  of  the  Bureau  of  Entomology,  this 
laboratory  is  investigating  the  chemical  changes  occurring  during  tli- 
of  honey  and  those  produced  by  heating.    A  special  study  is  also  being  HUM 
the  honeys  Imported  Into  this  country  from  the  West   Indies  and  M 
was  done  with  American   honeys.     The  sugar  laboratory  also  analyzes  com- 
mercial malt  sirups  and  dlastatlc  preparations  of  malt.     In  connection  with  the 


CHEMISTRY  BUREAU.  31 

work  of  the  contracts  laboratory,  dextrins,  glucoses,  starches,  and  other  carbo- 
hydrate materials  used  by  the  Bureau  of  Engraving  and  Printing  are  examined, 
and  all  samples  of  sugars,  starches,  sirup,  and  molasses  bought  by  the  general 
supply  committee.  Many  check  analyses  of  honeys,  sirups,  and  molasses  sam- 
ples under  the  food  and  drugs  act  are  also  made.  The  assistants  in  this  labora- 
tory are  C.  G.  Church,  A.  Given,  S.  F.  Sherwood,  and  M.  N.  Straughn. 

SECTION  OF  ANIMAL  PHYSIOLOGICAL  CHEMISTRY. 
F.  C.  WEBER,  in  charge. 

The  work  in  this  section  includes  metabolism  and  feeding  experiments  with 
foods,  with  organic  and  inorganic  compounds,  and  with  various  carbohydrates. 
A  complete  study  of  infant  foods  and  of  the  application  of  chemical  methods  to 
the  determination  of  deterioration  of  animal  foods  and  their  unfitness  for 
human  consumption  is  being  made.  Experimental  work  to  improve  the  methods 
of  analysis  ordinarily  employed  in  physiological  chemistry  is  also  undertaken. 
The  assistants  in  this  section  are  F.  C.  Cook  and  H.  W.  Houghton. 

SECTION  OF  BACTERIOLOGICAL  CHEMISTRY. 
G.  W.  STILES,  Jr.,  in  charge. 

The  investigations  in  bacteriological  chemistry  consist  principally  of  the 
bacteriological  examination  of  various  food  materials,  together  with  the  in- 
spection of  methods  of  handling  and  preparation,  including  milk,  cream,  ice 
cream,  water,  uncooked  vegetables,  shellfish,  ketchups,  and  gelatin.  The 
bacterial  content  of  fowls,  fish,  eggs,  beef,  game,  etc.,  as  affected  by  storage,  and 
of  shell,  frozen,  and  desiccated  eggs,  is  also  determined. 

Considerable  attention  is  devoted  to  testing  the  germicidal,  antiseptic,  and 
preservative  value  of  certain  drugs,  chemicals,  and  fruit  juices.  Special  con- 
sideration is  also  given  to  the  identification  and  classification  of  the  various 
bacteria,  yeasts,  and  molds  encountered  in  these  investigations.  Another  line 
of  work  involves  the  examination  of  surgical  dressings,  gauzes,  ligatures,  etc., 
to  determine  their  sterility.  Cooperative  work  with  other  laboritories  is  done 
when  required.  The  assistants  in  this  section  are  C.  Bates,  Ruth  C.  Great- 
house,  and  E.  Le  Fevre. 

SECTION  OF  ENOLOGICAL  TECHNOLOGY. 
WM.  B.  ALWOOD,  in  charge. 

The  investigations  conducted  in  this  section  fall  naturally  into  two  divisions, 
one  dealing  with  the  study  of  alcholic  ferments  and  the  malorganisms  asso- 
ciated with  them  in  fruit  musts,  ciders,  wines,  and  fruit  by-products  ;  the  other 
with  the  composition  of  fruits  and  fruit  juices  and  their  fermented  products  and 
the  critical  examination  of  the  residue  which  is  left  in  the  marc  or  pomace  as 
a  practically  waste  product. 

In  the  fermentation  study  the  pure  cultures  of  the  various  organisms  which 
occur  in  fruit  musts  or  similar  products,  are  separated.  These  organisms  are 
isolated  and  their  growth  activities  studied  as  alcoholic  ferments  or  as  mal- 
ferments  which  destroy  the  sugar,  alcohol,  acids,  etc.,  which  it  is  desired  to 


The  pure  cultures  which  have  given  the  greatest  promise  in  Europe  have 
been  studied  and  compared  with  those  isolated  in  this  country.  Having  thus 
determined  the  vital  activities,  methods  of  control  are  studied,  that  the  cul- 
tures of  pure  ferments  may  be  utilized  to  produce  the  desired  qualities  in  prod- 
ucts manufactured  from  fruit  juices,  and  either  to  suppress  or  destroy  unde- 
sirable organisms.  Cellar  tests  on  the  use  of  the  pure  cultures  in  comparison 
with  each  other  and  with  unyeasted  must  are  made,  and  also  tests  on  the  use 
of  sulphur  in  the  fermenting  and  handling  of  fruit  juices  in  the  cellar.  These 
studies  are  conducted  at  Charlottesville,  Va.  The  assistants  in  the  work  are 
J.  R.  Eoff,  jr.,  and  B.  G.  Hartmann. 


82  OBGANl/A  I  ION    01  AGRICULTURE,  1911. 


NITK  now. 

T.    <  '    Ti:i  K  "i,   i,, 


All    nitrogen    determinations    for    the   several    lal>oratories    .-iiiil    divisions   of 
this  bureau.  MS  well  ;is  iii:niy   l'r  .......  t  her  bureaus  of  the  depart  ment,  an-  made 

in  thi>  nitrogen  section.  Cooperative  work  \vitli  the  Association  of  Official 
Agricultural  Chemists  Is  also  done.  looking  ti>  the  iini>r«.  \emcnt  of  tin-  methods 
for  making  these  determinations.  The  assistant  Is  B.  M.  Hendrix. 

SECTION  OF  PI.AXT  PHYSIOLOGICAL  CHEMISTRY. 
,T.  A.  Lr.  CLERC,  chief. 

The  imestigation  In  vegetable  physiological  chemistry  includes  studies  of  the 
chei.  -rowing  plants,  the  comp«^'ui  ......  f  .-rivals.  <•!<•..  grown  under  differ- 

ent conditions  with  respect  especiaily  tn  climate  and  environment,  both  in  'he 
:house  and  in  tin-  tidds:  the  study  of  changes,  chemical,  physical,  and 
physiological,  taking  place  in  era  in  during  germination,  malting,  and  storage; 
and  studies  in  milling  and  hreaduiaking.  Work  is  also  done  in  collaboration 
with  the  various  offices  of  the  Bureau  of  Plant  Industry  on  problems  connected 
with  plant-physiological  chemistry.  The  assistants  in  this  section  are  J.  I  . 
Breazeale,  B.  R.  Jacobs,  C.  C.  Moore,  and  P.  A.  Yoder. 

SPECIAL  INVESTIGATIONS. 
(Under  the  direction  of  the  chief  of  bureau.) 

This  bureau  is  especially  studying  the  influence  of  environment  upon  the 
chemical  composition  of  the  sugar  and  starch  producing  plants.  The  need  of 
further  study  of  these  subjects  is  generally  recogni/ed  and  in  its  prosecution 
the  bureau  has  the  active  collaboration  of  a  number  of  State  experiment 
stations  as  well  as  the  cooperation  of  the  Bureau  of  Plant  Industry.  Studies  on 
canta  loupes  are  In  progress  by  M.  N.  Straughn  and  C.  G.  Church. 

Studies  of  methods  for  the  determination  of  the  age  of  foods,  especially  as 
applied  to  eggs,  liquors,  etc.,  are  conducted  by  Herman  Schreiber,  together  with 
investigations  of  methods  for  the  determination  of  metals  in  foods  and  other 
miscellaneous  studies  of  a  similar  nature. 

A.  W.  Bitting,  with  headquarters.  at  Lafayette,  Ind.,  is  conducting  special 
investigations  in  regard  to  food  preparation  and  manufacture,  including  the 
study  of  the  sanitary  condition  of  manufactories  and  canning  establishments, 
the  materials  used,  cleanliness  in  preparation,  methods  of  treatment,  and  the 
keeping  properties  of  the  products.  The  effect  of  different  methods  of  preserv- 
ing foods  on  the  character  of  the  product  is  also  considered,  the  work  being 
directed  chiefly  along  the  line  of  sterilization  by  heat  and  preserving  by  her- 
metic closure.  The  causes  of  spoilage  and  its  character  are  also  determined. 
The  work  is  conducted  in  part  in  cooperation  with  the  canners  and  manu- 
facturers. 

BUREAU   OF    SOILS. 
Soil  phy*iri*t  and  chief  of  Inn  mi.  MILTON  WHITNEY;  c)ii<f  <•//•;•/,-.  A.  <;.   !: 

The  Kin-can  of  Soils  is  charged  with  the  investigation  of  the  relation  of  e 
to  climate  and  organic  life;  with  the  investigation  of  the  texture  and  c<>ir 
tion  of  soils  in  field  and  laboratory:  with  the  mapping  of  soils;  with  the  study 
of  the  cause  and  prevention  of  the  rise  of  alkali  in  the  soils  of  irrigated  dis- 

.-md  of  the  relations  of  soils  to  seepage  and  drainage  conditions. 
In    addition    to   circulars   and    bulletins,   the   bureau    publishes   annually   the 
rt  of  the  Field  Operations  of  the  Bureau  of  Soils.     This  contains  a  de- 
tailed description  of  the  soils  and  of  the  agricultural  conditions  of  tl 

•  I.  points  out  the  present  use  of  the  soils,  and 

sible  changes  and  improvements  in  crops  and  methods  of  cultivation.     1 
scale  lithograph  maps  showing  the  distribution  of  the  different  kinds  of  soils 
accompany  each  report 

Lists  of  publications  of  the  bureau  may  be  obtained  upon  application. 


ENTOMOLOGY   BUREAU.  33 

LABORATORIES. 
FRANK  K.  CAMERON,  scientist,  in  charge. 

The  laboratories  have  under  their  charge  the  investigation  of  the  chemical 
properties  of  soils  in  their  relation  to  plant  growth;  the  chemical  examination 
and  analysis  of  soil  types  and  the  study  of  their  requirements  with  regard  to 
fertilizers;  the  investigation  of  alkali  problems,  and  the  general  direction  of 
chemical  methods  in  use  by  field  parties.  Investigations  are  in  progress  regard- 
ing the  occurrence  and  extent  of  natural  deposits  and  of  industrial  by-products 
containing  fertilizer  constituents  and  the  extraction  and  utilization  of  these 
constituents.  The  laboratories  are  also  charged  with  the  investigation  of  the 
physical  properties  of  soils  and  their  economic  bearing;  the  physical  examina- 
tion and  mechanical  analysis  of  soil  types  for  soil-survey  parties;  the  prepa- 
ration and  testing  of  apparatus  used  in  field  work ;  and  the  investigation  from 
a  physical  standpoint  of  such  mechanical  soil  problems  as  arise. 

The  scientific  staff  of  the  laboratory  is  as  follows :  H.  Bryan,  R.  O.  E.  Davis, 
G  H.  Failyer,  C.  C.  Fletcher,  E.  E.  Free,  R.  F.  Gardiner,  H.  E.  Patten,  W.  O. 
Robinson,  J.  G.  Smith,  W.  H.  Waggaman,  W.  J.  McCaughey,  J.  A.  Kolbe,  R.  W. 
Moore,  W.  B.  Page,  C.  C,  Stark,  J.  L.  Carpenter,  and  J.  W.  Turrentine. 

SOIL  STTBVEY. 
CURTIS  F.  MARBUT,  scientist,  in  charge. 

The  soil  survey  is  charged  with  the  surveying  and  mapping  of  the  soils  in 
selected  areas  in  various  parts  of  the  United  States;  with  the  correlation  of 
the  soils  of  different  parts  of  the  country  and  their  scientific  classification; 
with  the  locating,  mapping,  and  classifying  of  the  soils  of  agricultural  school 
farms  and  experiment  station  farms,  in  cooperation  with  various  State  organ- 
izations ;  with  the  study  of  the  soil  and  alkali  conditions  in  reclamation  projects 
in  cooperation  with  the  United  States  Reclamation  Service;  with  the  recon- 
noissance  survey  of  extensive  areas;  and  with  the  preparation  of  maps  and 
reports  covering  this  work. 

For  the  proper  administration  of  the  field  work  of  the  soil  survey  the  coun- 
try has  been  divided  into  four  divisions,  as  follows:  Eastern  division — H.  H. 
Bennett,  in  charge.  Central  division— J.  E.  Lapham,  in  charge.  Great  Plains 

division — ,  in  charge.  Western  division — Macy  H.  Lapham,  in 

charge.  Use  of  soils — J.  A.  Bonsteel,  in  charge. 

Assistants  in  the  soil  survey  are:  R.  T.  Allen,  R.  T.  Avon  Burke,  W.  C.  Byers, 
M.  E.  Carr,  W.  T.  Carter,  jr.,  E.  C.  Eckmann,  W.  J.  Geib,  R.  B.  Hardison, 
W.  E.  Hearn,  A.  L.  Higgins,  L.  C.  Holmes,  H.  Jennings,  G.  B.  Jones,  A.  E. 
Kocher,  W.  J.  Latimer.  D.  D.  Long,  C.  Lounsbury,  W.  E.  McLendon,  A.  W.  Man- 
gum,  C.  J.  Mann,  G.  B.  Mayuadier,  C.  N.  Mooney,  J.  W.  Nelson,  T.  D.  Rice, 
H.  C.  Smith,  W.  G.  Smith,  A.  T.  Strahorn,  A.  T.  Sweet,  W.  E.  Tharp,  C.  Van 
Duyne,  C.  S.  Waldrop,  E.  B.  Watson,  H.  L.  Westover,  H.  J.  Wilder,  R.  A. 
Winston,  P.  O.  Wood,  F.  S.  Bucher,  A.  E.  Taylor,  C.  F.  Shaw,  L.  A.  Hurst, 
Geo.  A.  Crabb,  B.  D.  Gilbert,  E.  S.  Vanatta,  L.  Cantrell,  A.  H.  Meyer,  F.  V. 
Emerson,  and  A.  L.  Goodman. 

FERTILITY  INVESTIGATIONS. 
OSWALD  SCHREINER,  scientist,  in  charge. 

The  Division  of  Fertility  Investigations  has  for  its  object  the  study  of  the 
causes  of  and  remedy  for  infertility  in  certain  soils,  whether  natural  or  arising 
from  improper  methods  of  cultivation  and  cropping.  It  is  engaged  in  the  sep- 
aration, identification,  and  study  of  certain  organic  substances  found  in  unpro- 
ductive soils,  and  the  correction  of  their  evil  effects  by  mechanical  handling, 
by  the  use  of  fertilizers,  and  by  other  methods  available  to  the  farmer.  Assist- 
ants are-  J.  H.  Beattie,  B.  E.  Brown,  A.  M.  Jackson,  E.  C.  Lathrop,  F.  R. 
Reid,  E.  C.  Shorey,  J.  J.  Skinner,  M.  X.  Sullivan,  and  H.  Winckelmann. 

BUREAU  OF  ENTOMOLOGY. 

Entomologist  and  chief,  L.  O.  HOWARD  ;  entomologist  and  acting  chief  in  aosence 
of  chief,  C.  L.  MARLATT;  executive  assistant,  R.  S.  CLIFTON;  chief  clerk, 
W.  F.  TASTET  ;  in  charge  of  editorial  work,  ROLLA  P.  CURRIE. 

The  Bureau  of  Entomology  obtains  and  disseminates  information  regarding 
injurious  insects  affecting  field  crops,  fruits,  small  fruits,  and  truck  crops, 

1525— Cir.  1—11 3 


84  '•!:«.  \M/\  I  [ON     m      |»KPA  i<Thirm..    I'.Ul. 


f..r.-M-  :iin|   f.ir.'O    products.  :in<l  stored   products;   studies  in  .....  is  in   relation  to 

,ises  of  mail  iiinl  other  animals,  ami  as  animal  experiments  with 

tin-  int  riKlnct  ion  of  beneficial   insects.  and  i-midm-is  e\|«criments  and  tests  with 

l«'s  nnd    insecticide   machinery.      It    is   further   chained    with    investiga- 

tions   in    apiculture.     The    informal  ion    Alined    is   disseminated    in    the    form   of 

bulletins  nnd  circulars.     Much   museum   work    is  <lone  in   connection   with   the 

Hhision  of  Insects  of  (lie  Nntional   Museum,  and  e  identified  for  ex- 

ent  stations  nnd  other  public  institutions  and  private  individuals. 
The  work  of  this  bureau  is  organized  under  the  following  sections: 

INTE8T1'  ol>8. 

W.  I).  HUNTEB,  in  charge. 

The   in\  estiva  I  Ion   of  the   Mexican   co,ton   holl    weevil   and    the  hollworm   and 
other  cotton  )>ests  is  the  principal  field  of  work  under  this  section.      It   inc 
also  the  special    investigation   of   the   life  history   of   the  cattle   tick   and    oilier 
ticks  parasitic  on  domestic  animals,  and  the  in\e«t  i-ati.m  of  the  insect  ene 
of  tobacco,  rice,  and  sujrar  cane,  and  of  cacti  planted  for  t"i 

BoU-irffiil  inrixtiijatinti.  The  investigation  of  the  cotton  hull  weevil  covers 
field  and  laboratory  investigations,  the  perfection  of  the  cultural  system  of  con- 
trol :  the  utilization  of  parasites:  the  testing  of  insecticides  and  other  remedies; 
and  the  study  of  chaujrins:  hahits.  with  spread  to  new  territory  and  under  new 
conditions,  as  affecting  means  of  control.  On  account  of  the  ^'reat  damage  that 
has  been  done  in  the  Mississippi  Valley  a  special  laboratory  was  established  at 
Tallulah,  T.a..  on  July  1.  1!M)!>.  New  phases  of  the  problem',  due  to  the  peculiar 
climatic  conditions  in  that  important  cotton-producing  region,  will  be  studied. 
W.  D.  Pierce,  principal  assistant. 

CaWr-tiri;  in  rr.st  it/at  inn.  —  The  work  of  the  IJureau  of  EntomHo^y  on  the 
cattle  tick  is  limited  to  careful  life-history  studies  covering  the  whole  distribu- 
tion of  the  tick,  to  form  a  basis  for  the  Intelligent  application  of  the  pasture- 
rotation  method  of  control.  The  life  history  and  habits  of  many  other 
affecting  domestic  animals,  some  of  them  of  high  economic  imt>orta:ice.  are 
being  investigated  as  means  of  discovering  the  best  system  of  control.  A. 
special  investigation  of  the  ticks  which  transmit  the  highly  fatal  human  dis- 
ease known  as  "spotted  fever"  in  the  Rocky  Mountain  region  was  undertaken. 
The  object  is  to  discover  means  of  control  of  the  ticks,  by  which  means  the 
disease  itself  may  be  controlled  or  eradicated.  F.  C.  Blshopp,  principal  as- 
sistant. 

Tobacco-in  fieri  investigation.—  This  investigation  covers  primarily  the  insects 
damaging  tobacco  in  the  dark-tobacco  districts  of  Kentucky  and  Tennessee,  but 
the  results  gained  will  apply  substantially  to  other  tobacco  districts.  It  includes 
field  demonstration  of  the  efficiency  of  methods  of  preservation  or  control.  A.  C. 
Morgan,  principal  assistant. 

Rice  and  sugar-cane  insect  investigation.—  The.  several  insect  pests  of  sugar 
cane  and  rice  are  assuming  new  importance  on  account  of  the  fact  that  the 
ravages  of  the  boll  weevil  in  the  humid  region  have  in  many  cases  forced 
planters  to  substitute  these  crops  for  cotton.  T.  C.  Barber,  principal  assistant. 

CEBEAL  AND  FOBAGE  INSECT  INVESTIGATION 
F.  M.  WEBSTER,  in  charge. 

These  investigations  comprise  field  studies  and  experimentation  on  insect 
enemies  of  wheat,  corn,  and  other  cereals,  clover,  alfalfa,  timothy,  and  all 
other  plants  used  hi  any  way  for  forage  The  principal  prain-int  -ects 

under  investigation  are  the  alfalfa  weevil,  Hessian  fly.  jointworm.  chinch  bug, 
grain  aphides,  including  the  so-called  "green  bug,"  together  with  many  oil 
of  lesser  note.    The  principal  insect  enemies  of  forage  crops  at  present  under 
Investigation   are  grasshoppers  or  locusts,  the  clover-root  borer,  clover  and 
alfalfa  seed  Chalcis,  the  clover-flower  midge,  and  the  timothy  Isosoma,  besides  a 
large  number  of  insects  of  lesser  importance.     Special  Investigations  on  the 
Hessian  fly  are  being  carried  on  in  connection  with  farmers  and  experiment 
stations,  and  other  State  Institutions,  in  over  20  States.    Of  the  special  im 
gallons  one  relates  to  the  sorghum  midge  in  the  Southern  States;  another  to  a 
new  pest  that  appears  to  have  originated  in  northeastern  New  Mexico  and  that 


ENTOMOLOGY  BUREAU.  35 

has  since  spread  to  the  adjacent  States  of  Texas,  Oklahoma,  Kansas,  and  Colo- 
rado, ravaging  the  cattle  and  sheep  ranges,  and  which  last  year  destroyed  the 
forage  grasses  on  over  25,000  acres  of  land  in  northeastern  New  Mexico.  An 
outbreak  of  wireworms  is  being  investigated  in  the  State  of  Washington  and 
a  similar  investigation  is  being  carried  on  with  reference  to  the  so-called  "  bud 
worm  "  of  corn  in  the  Southern  States.  In  addition,  the  insect  parasites  of  all 
these  destructive  insects  are  being  studied. 

Probably  the  most  important  investigation  under  this  head  is  that  of  the 
alfalfa  weevil,  an  accidentally  imported  species,  which  has  made  its  appearance 
in  Utah  and  threatens  enormous  damage  to  the  alfalfa  regions  of  surrounding 
States.  'Headquarters  have  been  opened  near  Salt  Lake  City  and  systematic 
investigation  is  being  carried  on.  The  principal  assistants  are  A.  H.  Kirkland, 
George  I.  Reeves,  W.  J.  Phillips,  Charles  N.  Ainslie,  E.  O.  G.  Kelly,  and  James 
A.  Hyslop. 

INVESTIGATIONS  OF  INSECTS  AFFECTING  DECIDUOUS  FRUITS. 
A.  L.  QUAINTANCE,  in  charge. 

This  branch  of  the  bureau  is  charged  with  investigations  of  insects  injurious 
to  orchards,  vineyards,  nut  trees,  etc.,  and  certain  special  crops,  as  cranberries. 
Close  touch  is  kept  on  orchard  conditions  throughout  the  country,  and  on  the 
prevalence  of  destructive  insect  pests.  Field  laboratories  are  maintained  for  a 
series  of  years  in  important  fruit  sections,  and  the  destructive  insects  of  the 
region  carefully  studied.  Experiments  and  demonstrations  on  a  commercial 
scnle  are  made  in  the  preparation  and  use  of  insecticides,  spraying  apparatus, 
etc.  Some  of  the  projects  under  way  are: 

f / rape-insect  investigations. — The  grape  insects  now  being  especially  studied 
are  the  rose-chafer,  the  blossom-bud  gnat,  and  the  grape  leafhopper.  Thorough 
life-history  investigations  are  carried  on  and  extensive  experiments  made  with 
control  measures,  especially  sprays.  Fred  Johnson,  principal  assistant. 

Pedr-thrips  investigations. — The  study  of  the  very  injurious  pear  thrips, 
begun  in  July,  190G,  with  headquarters  at  San  Jose,  Cnl..  has.  along  with  the 
spread  of  the  insect,  been  materially  extended.  A  laboratory  also  has  been 
maintained  for  the  past  two  years  in  Contra  Costa  County,  and  investigations 
have  been  extended  into  the  Suisun  and  Courtland  districts  and  into  other 
parts  of  the  infested  territory.  A  large  amount  of  information  on  the  life 
history  of  the  insect  has  been  accumulated  and  many  experiments  have  pointed 
out  the  most  economical  and  effective  methods  of  control.  These  methods  have 
been  used  by  fruit  growers  for  the  past  two  years  with  excellent  results,  and 
it  is  believed  a  satisfactory  remedy  for  the  insect  has  been  determined.  Further 
field  experiments,  however,  are  under  way,  and  also  demonstration  spraying 
on  a  large  scale.  P.  R.  Jones,  principal  assistant. 

Grape-phylloxera  investigations. — Beginning  in  the  spring  of  1911  a  thorough- 
going investigation  of  the  grape  phylloxera  in  California  was  begun.  This 
work  is  being  followed  along  three  principal  lines,  namely,  a  study  of  the  life 
history  and  behavior  of  the  insect ;  the  determination  from  the  insect  stand- 
point of  the  degree  of  resistance  of  the  different  varieties  of  vines;  and  the 
accumulation  of  statistics  and  data  on  the  distribution  and  history  and  destruc- 
tiveuess  of  the  phylloxera  in  California.  E.  L.  Jenne,  principal  assistant. 

Codling-moth  investigations. — An  investigation  of  the  codling  moth,  or  apple 
worm,  includes  detailed  life-history  studies  of  the  insect  in  different  sections 
of  the  country,  as  Washington,  D.  C.,  Pennsylvania.  Arkansas,  Nebraska, 
Michigan.  California,  etc.  It  is  desired  to  determine  what  variations  occur 
in  the  behavior  of  the  species  due  to  climatic  or  other  conditions,  as  form- 
ing a  basis  for  a  complete  account  of  the  insect  for  the  country  as  a  whole. 
Extensive  experiments  with  various  sprays,  including  dust  sprays,  have  been 
made  to  determine  the  times  and  number  of  applications  which  should  be  given 
to  secure  best  results,  especially  for  the  second  brood,  where  this  is  present. 
A  feature  of  the  work  has  been  the  carrying  out  of  demonstrations  and  spray- 
ings on  a  strictly  commercial  basis. 

Cranberry-insect  investigations. — The  investigation  of  cranberry  insects  in 
Wisconsin  undertaken  by  the  bureau  in  1908  has  been  practically  concluded. 
A  large  amount  of  information  has  been  obtained  on  the  insect  pests  of  cranber- 
ries in  that  State,  and  experiments  made  have  shown  the  best  remedial  measures 
which  should  be  employed  to  control  them.  A  demonstration  of  the  remedies 


86  ORGANIZATION   OF  DEPARTMENT   OF   Aiil'.K  I  I.TU  HK.   1911. 

determined  was  made  during  the  season  of  1010  and  will  be  repeated  during  the 
season  <>f  P.'i  1 

Parasite  laboratory.  —  A  laboratory  has  Ix-.-n  established  f»r  :m  investigation 
of  the  parasitic  and   predaceous  insects  which  attack  deciduous  fruit 
peats,  with  a  view  to  careful  life-history  studies  and  their  propagation  in  laiv 
lunntiers  fur  distribution  In  orchard  regions.    The  inseet  parasite*  of  tin-  codling 
moth  will   reoeho  first  attention,  mid   anion;:  predatory   insets  several   sj 
cf  arboreal  eoceineiiid  beetles  will  be  worked  with.     Principal  assistants,  C.  \V. 
Hooker  and  It.  A.  Cushtnan. 

riiiin-ciimiiin  in  i  •>  stiimtion*.  —  Life-history  studies  of  the  plum  curcul'm  have 
heeu  In  progress  for  several  years  nnd  many  experiments  have  been  made  with 
remedial  measures.  The  life-history  investigations  have  been  practically  com- 
pleted, but  experimental  work  with  sprays  Is  still  under  way.  Demonstration 
•praying  of  peach  orchards  was  carried  out  on  a  large  scale  in  <;«-nr>:ia  and 
West  Virginia  during  the  season  of  1010,  and  similar  work  Is  in  progress  in 
Delaware,  West  Virginia,  and  Michigan  during  1011. 

INVESTIGATIONS  OF  INSECTS  AFFECTING  TROPICAL  FRUITS. 
C.  L.  MARLATT,  in  charge. 

Under  the  above  heading  come  all  investigations  of  Insects  affecting  the 
citrus  fruits,  pineapple,  olive,  flg,  and  all  other  tropical  and  subtropical  fruit 
cultures.  The  investigation  of  the  white  fly  In  Florida,  and  of  the  black  and 
other  citrus-scale  Insects  in  California,  and  of  hydrocyanic-acid  gas  and  other 
means  of  control  of  these  pests  come  in  this  section. 

White-fly  investigation.  —  The  work  under  way  includes  a  detailed  life-history 
study  of  the  white  fly  and  Investigation  of  its  control  (1)  by  fumigation  with 
hydrocyanic-acid  gas  or  other  Insecticide  treatment;  (2)  by  fungous  diseases; 
and  (3)  by  the  introduction  and  encouragement  of  natural  enemies. 

The  subjects  of  control  of  the  white  fly  by  fumigation  and  life-history  studies 
have  been  practically  completed,  and  are  covered  by  reports  now  available  or 
In  process  of  publication.  The  subjects  of  control  by  spraying  and  by  fungous 
diseases  have  also  been  fairly  well  worked  out,  and  will  be  completed  in  the 
near  future. 

Pursuant  to  a  special  appropriation  by  Congress,  a  thorough  study  has  been 
under  way  during  the  last  year  to  determine  the  native  home  of  the  white  fly, 
particularly  with  the  idea  of  studying  natural  means  of  control,  parasitic  and 
fungous,  and  the  Introduction  of  such  agencies  of  control  Into  this  country. 
This  Investigation  Is  most  promising.  The  white  fly  has  been  found  In  orange- 
growing  regions  In  India  under  conditions  Indicating  that  It  Is  native  to  that 
region,  and  important  parasites  and  predaceous  enemies  have  been  discovered. 
The  effort  is  now  being  made  to  introduce  the  natural  enemies  Into  Florida. 
This  work  of  exploration  and  Introduction  of  natural  enemies  of  the  white  fly 
Is  being  done  by  Mr.  R.  S.  Woglum. 

Hydrocyanic-acid  gas  investigation.  —  The  detailed  Investigation  of  the  subject 
of  fumigating  citrus  trees  In  southern  California,  undertaken  at  the  Instance 
of  the  horticultural  commissioners  of  the  principal  orange-producing  counties 
of  that  State,  was  completed  with  the  close  of  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30, 
1010,  and  the  agent  In  charge,  Mr.  R.  S.  Woglum,  was  transferred  to  another 
Investigation.  Reports  have  been  published,  making  fully  available  the  results 
of  this  Investigation. 

The  orange  thrips.  —  The  orange  thrlps.  a  serious  enemy  of  the  orange  of  the 
southern  San  .Toaqnin  Valley,  Cal.,  has  been  under  investigation  for  about 
two  years,  and  gratifying  progress  has  been  made  in  the  determination  of 
control  measures.  Experimental  sprayings  of  orchards  are  now  under  way  to 
complete  the  investigation  and  as  demonstration  tests. 

Similar  thrips  Injury  is  becoming  an  Important  factor  In  orange  culture  In 
southern  California,  and  a  preliminary  investigation  has  been  made  and  some 
experimental  work  has  been  begun  in  relation  to  the  various  species  of  thrips 
concerned  in  this  injury.  This  work  is  under  field  charge  of  Mr.  J.  R.  Horton. 

TRUCK-CROP  AND  STORED-PROMTCX  INSECT  INVESTIGATIONS. 
F.  H.  CHITTENDEN,  in  charge. 


»  insect8-—  Under  this  head  comes  the  Investigation  of  Insects  af- 

fecting vegetables,  including  the  sugar  beet,  and  of  snch  small  fruits  as  straw- 


ENTOMOLOGY   BUREAU. 


37 


berry  and  blackberry.    Field  studies  are  being  conducted  in  Virginia,  Tennessee, 
Texas,  Colorado,  California,  and  Maryland.  Ar  ,.„!„«„ 

At  Norfolk  Va  work  is  being  undertaken  in  cooperation  with  the  Virginia 
Truck  Experiment  Station,  the  Bureau  of  Plant  Industry,  the  Southern  Produce 
Co  and  the  Virginia  State  Board  of  Agriculture.  The  principal  insects  studied 
are  the  spinach  aphis  or  "  green  fly,"  the  cabbage  aphis  and  other  cabbage 
pests,  the  striped  cucumber  beetle,  the  Colorado  potato  beetle,  and  cutworms. 
F  A  Johnston,  principal  assistant. 

Similar  lines  of  work  have  been  conducted  in  Florida,  with  headquarters  at 
Orlando,  but  have  been  discontinued. 

In  Texas  investigations  are  being  conducted  in  cooperation  with  the  Bureau 
of  Plant  Industry,  with  headquarters  at  Brownsville.  The  insects  under  special 
observation  include  the  onion  thrips,  the  melon  aphis,  the  pickle  and  melon 
worms  flea-beetles,  the  bollworm  on  tomatoes,  sweet  corn,  and  other  truck  crops  ; 
webworms,  the  sweet-potato  root-borer,  the  pepper  weevil,  and  certain  semi- 
tropical  species.  M.  M.  High,  principal  assistant. 

In  Colorado  a  line  of  investigations  has  been  opened  up  on  some  of  the  same 
insects  which  occur  both  in  Texas  and  in  Colorado,  and  special  work  is  being 
conducted  on  the  effect  of  arsenicals  on  beet-feeding  species,  and  the  determina- 
tion as  to  whether  spraying  sugar  beets  with  arsenicals  could  affect  cattJ 
which  are  turned  into  the  field  after  the  crop  is  off.  This  latter  work  is  being 
conducted  in  cooperation  with  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry.  H.  O.  Marsh,  principal 

RS|1ini  ilar  work  is  being  done  on  the  insects  of  the  Pacific  coast,  chiefly  in  south- 
ern California,  with  headquarters  at  Compton,  Gal.  The  principal  insects  are 
those  which  affect  the  sugar  beet,  comprising  the  bean  thrips,  root  aphides,  leaf- 
hoppers  white  grubs,  wireworms,  leaf-beetles,  and  flea-beetles.  In  connects 
with  these  studies  insects  affecting  asparagus,  celery,  cabbage,  and  related  crop 
plants,  onions,  potatoes,  and  other  truck  crops  are  being  studied.  H.  M.  Russell, 
principal  assistant. 

In  California  also,  with  headquarters  at  Sacramento,  sugar-beet  insects  are 
being  investigated  as  well  as  various  truck-crop  insects,  but  a  special  investiga- 
tion is  being  made  of  insects  injurious  to  hops.  W.  B.  Parker,  principal 


In  northern  Indiana,  and  especially  in  Starke  County,  a  special  investigation 
of  onion  insects  is  being  made.  The  onion  thrips  and  maggots  are  the  most 
injurious  species  and  the  onion  thrips  has  not  previously  been  worked  on  very 
carefully  in  the  northern  region.  Different  conditions  will  have  to  be  met. 
It  is  hoped  that  this  work  will  practically  include  an  extensive  investigation 
on  this  very  important  pest.  M.  M.  High,  principal  assistant. 

In  Maryland  work  on  local  pests  is  being  continued,  principally  from  the 
practical  standpoint  ;  the  life  histories  of  these  insects  have  been  very  generally 
worked  out.  T.  H.  Jones,  principal  assistant. 

Stored-product  insects.—  Under  the  head  of  stored-product  insects  comes  the 
investigation  of  the  insect  enemies  of  such  materials  as  grain,  flour,  meal,  and 
prepared  cereals,  leguminous  seeds,  dried  fruits,  nuts,  drugs,  tobacco,  dried 
meats  and  other  animal  products,  such  as  cheese,  leather,  hides,  wool,  various 
fabrics  etc  As  remedies  for  mill  pests,  experimental  and  demonstration  work 
is  being  carried  on  with  hydrocyanic-acid  gas,  carbon  bisulphid,  sulphur  gases, 
and  others.  A  special  study  is  being  made  of  export  flour  from  the  Gulf  re- 
gion to  determine  the  principal  sources  and  means  of  prevention  of  infestation. 
C.  H.  Popenoe,  principal  assistant. 

FOREST-INSECT  INVESTIGATIONS. 
A.  D.  HOPKINS,  in  charge. 

The  work  of  this  branch  of  the  bureau  covers  the  entire  field  of  forest  ento- 
mology    Field   investigations  have  been   extended  into  the  forests  of  every 
State  and  section  of  the  country  to  determine  the  principal  insect  enemies 
forest  trees  and  forest  products,  the  character  and  extent  of  their  depredations, 
and  the  more  important  facts  relating  to  the  life  and  history  of  the  insects,  the 
general  and  local  conditions  of  forest  management  and  lumbering  methods,  a 
other  subjects  upon  which  to  base  conclusions  and  recommendations  relating 
to  practical  methods  of  preventing  losses. 


ORQANI/AI  I"N     ,,|      |,  |  |-\|;|  MI   .\  |     (,|      A«  ;  Kl  t  T  I/IT  UK.    I'.'ll. 

Special    investigations    are    being    made   of    tin-    insects    and    problems    found 
to  be  the  more  liii|M.rt:int,  mid   tin-  \vnrk   is  directed  to  tin-  forests  :iud   regions 
where  the  local   Interest   and   facilities  offer  the  best  opixirtunity   for   tlie  sn<  - 
Cemful  prosecution  of  tJie  technical   imestiujftion*  and  the  si-curing  of  pnietieal 
:ts. 

'•clal  effort*  .1:  >ade  through  cooperation  with  private  owners  and 

:    National   and   State   forests   to  deinonstiate   the   praetical    value 
of  the  results  already  altalm-d  and  to  maturate  proper  Insect-control   pol: 

IHstrict    tiel.l    stations    have   been    loeated    in    national    forest    distriets   .",   and 
6  to  cooperate  with   Federal,   State,  and   pri\ate  districts  in  the  more  practical 
work  of  determining  the  character  and  extent   of  insect   depredations,  to  ;; 
In  the  location  and   marking  of  infested  timber,  and  in  giving  practical  a-' 
on    the   essential    features    of    the    control    operations    as    based    on    tin 
recommendations  of  the  bureau. 

It    is  planned  to  locate  such  district    field  agents  in  all  of  the  national   f" 
districts,   as  well  as    in    the   more   ini|Mtrtant    forest    districts  of  other   sections 
of  the  country,   to   render   similar  assistance  to  owners  of   forests   and   manu- 
facturers of  forest   products,  In  demonstrating  the  practical   value  of  the  de- 
termined methods  of  preventing  losses. 

In  some  cases  the  private  interests  detail  n  man   familiar  with  the  practical  % 
features  to  work  under  the  instructions  of  the  experts  of  the  bureau   in   the" 
practical  applications  of  the  recommendations,  and  In  this  manner  the  technical 
recommendations  are   made   to   conform    with   the   practical    requirements   of 
the   business    Involved.     Principal    assistants:   II.    K.    Uurke.    field    station    T>\ 
Joseph  Hrunner,  field  station  1;  and  W.  D.  Edmonston,  field  station  6;  T.   I  . 
Snyder,  expert  on  insect  Injury  to  poles,  posts,  and  mine  props  ;  J.  L.  Webb  and 
8.  A.  Rohwer,  specialists. 

INSECTICIDE  AND  INSECTICIDE-MACHINERY  INVESTIGATIONS. 
C.  L.  MARLATT,  in  charn-  . 

This  section  covers  the  field  of  practical  experimentation  with  Insecticides 
and  insecticide  machinery.  A  chemist  working  in  cooperation  with  this  bureau 
is  detailed  by  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry  to  take  charge  of  the  analyses  and  tests 
of  new  Insecticides.  Field  operations  and  experiments  are  conducted  on  a 
demonstration  scale.  Most  of  this  work  is  now  distributed  under  the  different 
special  investigations  of  the  bureau. 

INVESTIGATIONS  OF  INSECTS  AFFECTING  SHADE  TREES  AND  ORNAMENTAL  Pi.  \ 
(Under  the  direction  of  the  Entomologist.) 

This  constitutes  a  section  separate  from  the  investigations  on  the  insect 
enemies  of  forests,  and  although  some  of  the  insects  arc  identical  the  problem 
of  how  to  deal  with  them  is  in  most  cases  quite  distinct.  It  includes  the 
economic  treatment  of  borers,  tree  defoliators,  scales,  and  aphides,  as  well  as 
other  insects  that  affect  trees  in  public  parks  and  in  the  streets  of  large  cities. 
A  number  of  insects  of  this  class,  importations  from  Europe,  such  as  the  leopard 
moth,  gipsy  moth,  brown-tail  moth,  and  imported  willow  curculio.  are  demanding 
more  attention  year  by  year.  This  section  includes  also  investigations  of 
insects  affecting  greenhouse  and  ornamental  plants  and  tr 


INSECTS  IN  RELATION  TO  i>  kM   II   AM  MAI    P\I:ASM 

(Under  the  Immediate  direction  of  the  Entomologist,  i 

This  field  of  investigation  has  assumed  very  great  importance  during  the  last 
few  \ears.  a-  a  result  of  the  connection  established  between  the  mosquito  and 
various  diseases,  such  as  malaria  and  yellow  fever,  and  the  agency  of  the 
house  My  in  the  dissemination  of  typhoid  fever.  It  covers  not  only  the  role 
played  by  Insects  as  conveyers  and  disseminators  of  diseases  among  man  and 
the  lower  animals,  but  also  deals  with  insects  as  internal  and  external  animal 
parasites,  including  such  species  as  the  biting  horn  tly.  gadflies,  buffalo  gnats. 
ticks  rmers'  bulletins  and  circulars  dealing  with  some  of  these  subjects 

have  been  prejtared  and  are  being  distributed. 


ENTOMOLOGY  BUREAU.  39 

INVESTIGATIONS  IN  BEE  CULTURE. 

l 
E.  F.  PHILLIPS,  in  charge. 

The  importance  of  the  beekeeping  interests  of  the  United  States  is  recognized 
by  the  maintenance  of  an  office  for  special  investigations  in  this  field.  Requests 
from  all  parts  of  the  country  for  information  regarding  various  phases  of 
apiculture  are  constantly  being  received. 

The  structure  and  development  of  the  bee  are  being  investigated.  Various 
phases  of  the  behavior  of  bees  are  being  studied,  since  all  practical  manipu- 
lations depend  on  a  thorough  knowledge  of  habits.  Several  lines  of  practical 
work  are  being  investigated,  and  the  ultimate  object  of  all  the  work  of  this 
office  is  to  aid  the  bee  keeper  by  giving  reliable  information  which  will  be  of 
use  to  him  in  his  business.  The  present  status  of  the  beekeeping  industry  is 
being  investigated  in  great  detail  in  three  States. 

Bee-disease  investigation.— G.  F.  White,  bacteriologist.  The  cause,  distri- 
bution, method  of  spread,  and  treatment  of  the  various  bee  diseases  are  being 
investigated  thoroughly  in  order  that  some  means  may  be  found  of  controlling 
this  source  of  heavy  loss. 

INTRODUCTION   OF   FOREIGN   BENEFICIAL   INSECTS. 
(Under  the  immediate  direction  of  the  Entomologist.) 

Results  of  extraordinary  value  in  the  control  of  certain  imported  insect  pests 
have  been  secured  by  the  introduction  of  their  natural  enemies,  and  two  or 
three  notable  successes  have  resulted  in  the  annual  saving  of  more  than  the 
cost  of  the  Bureau  of  Entomology  since  its  origin  as  a  division.  The  introduc- 
tion of  enemies  of  the  boll  weevil  and  of  the  gipsy  and  brown-tail  moths  comes 
in  this  field.  When  such  work  is  carried  out  by  expert  entomologists,  there 
need  be  no  risk  of  introducing  injurious  forms,  but  if  attempted  by  others  there 
is  danger  of  the  introduction  of  harmful  species. 

GIPSY  MOTH  AND  BROWN-TAIL  MOTH  INVESTIGATIONS. 
(Under  the  immediate  direction  of  the  Entomologist.) 

The  work  looking  to  the  control  of  the  gypsy  moth  and  brown-tail  moth  is 
carried  out  under  a  special  appropriation  by  Congress  of  $300,000.  The  Secre- 
tary of  Agriculture  is  authorized  to  expend  said  appropriation  by  establishing 
a  quarantine,  in  cooperation  with  the  State  authorities,  against  the  further 
spread  of  these  moths. 

The  work  against  the  brown-tail  molh  is  largely  by  distribution  of  informa- 
tion concerning  remedial  methods,  to  encourage  local  control. 

Field  work  against  the  gipsy  moth.—D.  M.  Rogers,  in  charge.    The  preven- 
tion of  the  spread  of  the  gipsy  moth  is  accomplished  chiefly  by  clearn 
strips  of  forests  bordering  the  roadways  to  prevent  the  carriage  of  larvse 
passing  automobiles  and  other  vehicles. 

Parasite  laboratory.— W.  F.  Fiske,  principal  assistant.    A  laboratory  is  man 
tained  for  the  assemblage,  study,  proper  separation,  and  liberation  of  imported 
parasites  of  the  gipsy  and  brown-tail  moths;   field  studies  are  made  of 
work  of  imported  and  native  parasites. 

MISCELLANEOUS  INVESTIGATIONS. 
(Under  the  immediate  direction  of  the  Entomologist.) 

Much  work  accomplished  by  this  office  does  not  fall  under  any  of  the  head- 
ings previously  noted.     Such  are  supervision  of  quarantine  operations  au^ 
identification  of  material  for  experiment  stations  and  individuals,  not  only  i 
the  United  States  but  in  various  foreign  countries.     A  great  deal  of  technical 
work  is  also  done  by  the  employees  of  this  office,  most  of  whom  are  specialists 
in  some  particular  group  of  insects  and  do  more  or  less  work  in  the  classifica- 
tion and  care  of  the  museum  material  coming  directly  under  their  hands, 
little  part  of  the  work  is  also  represented  by  the  correspondence,  which  is  very 
voluminous.     The  preparation  of  bulletins,  circulars,  and  general  reports  cover 
ing  the  investigations  already  referred  to  is  a  very  important  feature  of  the 
work. 


40  EAZfOBI  OF   AGRICULTURE,    1'Ml. 

BUREAU    OF   BIOLOGICAL   SURVEY. 
/,  HKNBY  W.  HENBHAW;  a**i«tant  chief,  T.  S.  PALMI  i: 

The  Bureau  of  Biological  Survey  studies  the  geographic  distribution  of  ani- 
mate and  plants,  and  maps  the  natural  life  zones  of  the  country;  it  also  inves- 
tigates the  economic  relations  of  birds  and  mammals,  recommends  measures 
for  the  preservation  of  beneficial  and  the  destruction  of  Injurious  species,  :md 
is  charged  with  carrying  Into  effect  the  provisions  of  the  Federal  laws  for  the 
importation  of  wild  birds  and  other  wild  animals,  ;md  for  the  protection  of 
game  by  control  of  Interstate  trade  In  game,  and  by  other  means. 

The  bureau  Is  di\id«>d  into  Hire*-  divisions,  the  work  being  distributed  as  fol- 
lows: (1)  Biological  surveys  and  iin  est  i^'Ml  i«>ns  of  the  >.:<•<. ^ruphic  distribution 
of  mammals  and  birds,  in  charge  of  Vernon  K.-iiley:  t'2)  investigations  to  deter- 
mine the  relation  of  birds  and  mammals  to  agriculture,  their  food  habits,  etc., 
in  charge  of  A.  K.  I-'isher:  ('.'• )  supervision  of  matters  relating  to  protection  of 
game  and  the  Importation  of  foreign  birds  and  animals.  In  charge  of  T.  S. 
Palmer. 

DIVISION  OF  ACCOUNTS  AND  DISBURSEMENTS. 

Chief  and  disbursing  clerk,  A.  ZAPPONE. 

The  Division  of  Accounts  and  Disbursements  audits,  adjusts,  and  pays  all 
accounts  and  claims  against  the  department;  decides  questions  Involving  the 
expenditure  of  public  funds;  prepares  advertisements  and  schedules  for  annual 
supplies,  exclusive  of  those  prepared  by  the  general  supply  committee,  and 
letters  of  authority;  writes,  for  the  signature  of  the  Secretary,  all  letters  to  the 
Treasury  Department  pertaining  to  fiscal  matters;  examines  and  signs  requisi- 
tions for  the  purchase  of  supplies;  issues  bills  of  lading  and  requests  for  pas- 
senger and  freight  transportation;  prepares  the  annual  estimates  of  appropria- 
tions; prepares  annual  fiscal  reports  to  Congress,  and  transacts  all  other  busi- 
ness relating  to  the  financial  Interests  of  the  department. 

The  chief  of  the  division,  as  administrative  officer  of  the  fiscal  affairs  of  the 
department,  has  supervision  over  nil  fiscal  agents,  and  gives  the  accounts  sub- 
mitted by  them  a  close  administrative  examination. 

WEATHEB  BUREAU  SECTION. 
EDOAB  B.  CALVEBT,  assistant  chief,  in  charge. 

This  section  audits  all  accounts  for  the  Weather  Bureau  and  prepares  checks 
in  settlement  thereof. 

FOBEST  SERVICE  SECTION. 

M.   B.   FAOAN,  fiscal  agent,  in  charge;   E.   A.   MELZAB,   district  fiscal   agent, 

assistant. 

This  section  audits  accounts  and  prepares  checks  in  settlement  thereof  per- 
taining to  the  Washington  office  of  the  Forest  Service,  and  also  keeps  a  record 
of  all  fiscal  matters  and  liabilities  pertaining  to  the  field  force  of  the  Forest 
Service. 

DISTRICT  FISCAL  AGENTS. 

Through  the  following-named  district  fiscal  agents  in  the  field,  the  Division 
of  Accounts  and  Disbursements  audits  and  pays  the  field  accounts  of  the  Forest 
Service:  J.  A.  Urbanowlcz,  Missoula,  Mont.;  H.  I.  Loving,  Denver,  Colo.;  J.  J. 
Duffy,  Albuquerque,  N.  Mex. ;  Q.  R.  Craft,  Ogden,  Utah;  F.  C.  Thompson,  San 
Francisco,  Cal. ;  A.  H.  Cousins,  Portland,  Oreg. 

CASHIER'S  SECTION. 
W.  J.   N  hi>,-  ninl  >-k.  in  charge. 

Thin  section  prepares  and  mails  all  checks  and  handles  all  moneys  received 
and  disbursed. 


PUBLICATIONS  DIVISION.  41 

AUDITING  SECTION. 
EVEEETT  D.  YEEBY,  supervising  auditor,  in  charge. 

This  section  audits  all  salary,  reimbursement,  purchase,  telegraph,  and  ex- 
press accounts. 

MISCELLANEOUS  SECTION. 

W.  R.  FUCHS,  deputy  disbursing  clerk,  in  charge. 

This  section  has  charge  of  the  preparation  of  the  several  annual  fiscal  reports 
to  Congress  and  the  administrative  examination  of  the  accounts  of  the  Forest 
Service  and  of  the  Weather  Bureau;  also  audits  all  accounts  of  the  board  of 
consulting  scientific  experts. 

BOOKKEEPER'S  SECTION. 
F.  W.  LEGGE,  accountant,  in  charge. 

This  section  keeps  all  books  pertaining  to  the  fiscal  affairs  of  the  department, 
indexes  all  accounts,  prepares  all  requisitions  on  the  Treasury  for  advances  of 
public  funds,  compiles  for  rendition  to  the  accounting  officers  of  the  Treasury 
the  quarterly  abstracts  of  expenditures  and  collections  and  the  account  current 
covering  the  liability  for  public  funds,  and  has  charge  of  the  correspondence 
with  the  accounting  officers  of  the  Treasury  in  the  settlement  of  accounts. 

FREIGHT  AND  TRANSPORTATION  SECTION. 
E.  E.  FORBES,  auditor,  in  charge. 

This  section  audits  all  passenger  and  freight  accounts  and  prepares  and 
issues  all  passenger  and  freight  transportation  requests  and  bills  of  lading 
covering  freight  shipments. 

DIVISION  OF  PUBLICATIONS. 

Editor  and  chief,  Jos.  A.  ARNOLD  ;  editor  and  assistant  chief,  B.  D.  STALLINGS  ; 

chief  clerk,  A.  I.  MUDD. 

The  Division  of  Publications  is  the  publishing  house  of  the  Department  of 
\griculture  under  the  immediate  supervision  of  the  Secretary.  Its  force  com- 
prises editors,  proof  readers,  compilers,  iudexers,  abstracters,  artists,  drafts- 
men, engravers,  and  photographers,  together  with  clerks  and  laborers  engaged 
in  the  distribution  of  the  publications.  The  division  is  charged  with  (1)  the 
preparation  and  editing  of  the  manuscripts  and  indexing  the  publications  of 
the  department,  including  the  Yearbook,  annual  reports,  bulletins  etc. ;  (2)  the 
preparation,  printing,  and  distribution  of  Farmers'  Bulletins;  (3)  supervision 
and  equitable  assignment  of  the  printing  fund  ($460,000)  ;  (4)  the  general 
direction  of  expenditures  under  the  statutory  and  divisional  appropriations; 
(5)  the  supervision  of  all  printing  and  binding  done  for  the  department;  ( 
the  preparation  of  drawings  for  illustrations,  of  wood  engravings  and  phot< 
graphic  work;  (7)  the  distribution  of  department  publications  and  all  corre- 
fpondence  in  connection  therewith;  (8)  the  preparation  and  distribution  of 
official  information  and  of  advance  notices  of  publications  to  agricultural 
writers  and  papers.  The  Division  of  Publications  is  the  authorized  medium  of 
all  official  communications  between  the  Department  of  Agriculture  and  the 
Government  Printing  Office. 

EDITORIAL  WORK. 

B.  D.  STALLINGS,  editor  and  assistant  chief,  in  charge. 

The  duty  of  seeing  that  the  publications  and  the  routine  printing  of  the  de- 
partment are  properly,  put  through  the  press  falls  upon  the  editorial  fore* 

The  work  comprises  the  reading  and  editing  of  all  manuscripts  submitted  for 
publication  by  the  department,  preparing  them  for  the  printer,  correcting  the 


42  ORGANIZAT!  KIMINI     »i      \(  ,i;icri.  I  T  HK,    I'.Ul. 

proofs,  anil  the  ins|,«-,-tion  of  the  completed  work.  The  form  and  stvle  of  all 
publication,  blanks,  el.-.,  is  Indicated  liy  (Ills  action,  which  is  also  charired 
wltli  tin-  preparation  of  -idvxnce  i-oii.-es  of  bulletins  an.  or  any  work 

Of  tlie  department  which  ni:iy  be  <>l  int.  rest  lo  tin-  public.  It  keeps  tin-  n-c-ords 
and  looks  after  thi'  miMiei-o.i-  ill-mils  of  the  vnst  volume  of  priniMii:  and  binding 
for  tin-  department.  S|HM-lal  rei  torts  on  particular  subjects  us  well  .is  the 
abstracts  -md  synopses  Of  bulletins  and  reports  :ire  intruste<l  to  the  section. 

The  i<lit..ri:il  i-orps  is  a<  follows:  K.  I?.  Handy.  Kphraim  Coniiiian.  William 
I  Bard  I  '.'•on.'e  \V.  Kennedy.  Suuilev  Seiirl---  I  i\  I'.'M  i  Q«0.  Win. 

Hill,  assistant  ttlltors. 

I  Mil- XING. 

1:1 1  s  H.  OREATHOUSC,  in  charge. 

This  branch  of  the  work  is  occupied  with  the  preparation  of  Indexes  of  de- 
partment publications  for  Immediate  use  in  the  division,  and  for  publication  and 
distribution,  with  corrosjwndence  requiring  full  and  accurate  references  or 
Involving  unnsiiMl  ditHculty  in  hx-atin^  the  d-sired  information.  The  indexes 
of  the  Yearbook  and  many  other  publications  which  have  indexes  printed  under 
the  same  covers  with  the  text  are  also  made  here.  Translation  and  compilation 
of  Information,  for  use  in  the  division  and  for  publication,  are  usually  a --signed 
to  the  index  inp  section. 

ILLUSTRATIONS. 
L.  S.  WILLIAMS,  in  charge. 

In  this  branch  of  the  work  a  corps  of  artists,  draftsmen,  wood  engravers, 
photographers,  and  clerks  Is  engaged  in  preparing  illustrations  for  the  publica- 
tions of  the  department,  and  in  doing  the  photographic  work  required  by  the 
various  bureaus,  divisions,  and  offices.  It  is  also  prepared  to  furnish  to  miscel- 
laneous applicants  photographic  prints  and  lantern  slides  at  the  prices  fixed  by 
the  Secretary  under  the  law. 

DISTRIBUTION  OF  PUBLICATIONS. 
FRANCIS  J.  P.  CLEARY,  assistant  in  charge. 

Under  section  92  of  the  act  providing  for  the  public  printing  and  binding  and 
the  distribution  of  public  documents,  approved  January  12,  189r>.  the  duty  of 
distributing  the  publications  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture  is  assigned  by 
the  Secretary  to  the  editor  and  chief  of  this  division,  who  is  required  to  keep  a 
detailed  account  of  all  publications  received  from  the  Public  Printer  and  dis- 
tributed, and  to  take  measures  to  avoid  duplication. 

This  duty  is  performed  in  the  document  section,  which  receives,  cares  for, 
and  distributes  all  the  publications  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture.  A 
force  of  clerks  and  laborers  Is  employed  in  directing  franks  under  which  the 
documents  are  mailed,  in  keeping  account  both  of  their  distribution  to  Congress- 
men and  to  miscellaneous  applicants,  and  in  storing,  folding,  wrapping,  and 
other  work  incidental  to  mailing  the  publications. 

The  consideration  of  applications  for  publications,  the  keeping  of  card  indi 
the  preparation  of  registry  lists,  and  the  care  of  the  mailing  lists  of  the  de- 
partment necessitate  the  employment  of  a  corps  of  clerks,  stenographers,  and 
typewriters. 

YEARBOOK. 
(Tuder  the  immediate  supervision  of  the  editor  and  chief.) 

The  preparation  of  the  Yearbook  of  the  department,  which  occupies  a  consid- 
erable iK>rtion  of  the  time  of  this  division,  involves  the  selection  of  timely  arti- 
cles and  the  presentation  of  the  year's  progress  in  agriculture.  The  editing  of 
this  material  and  putting  it  in  form  for  the  printer,  the  selection  and  maki; 
illustrations,  reading  proof.  Indexing,  and  final  supervision  of  publication  Is  in 
progress  during  the  greater  part  of  each  year. 


STATISTICS  BUREAU.  43 

FARMERS'  BULLETINS. 
(Under  the  immediate  supervision  of  the  editor  and  chief.) 

The  Division  of  Publications  has  general  charge  of  the  Farmers'  Bulletin 
series  of  publications.  These  are  brief  popular  bulletins,  prepared  in  the  vari- 
ous bureaus,  divisions,  and  offices,  and  occasionally  by  persons  not  connected 
with  the  department,  giving  in  simple,  concise  language  the  results  of  investiga- 
tions and  experiments,  outlining  methods  of  farm  procedure,  and  offering  in- 
structions and  suggestions  to  practical  farmers  and  those  who  may  desire  to  be- 
come such.  Under  the  law  four-fifths  of  all  Farmers'  Bulletins  printed  are 
allotted  to  Senators,  Representatives,  and  Delegates  in  Congress  for  distribu- 
tion to  their  constituents,  the  remainder  being  reserved  for  distribution  by  the 
department. 

BUREAU  OF  STATISTICS. 

Statistician  and  chief  of  bureau,  VICTOR  H.  OLMSTED  ;  associate  statistician, 
NAT  C.  MURRAY  ;  assistant  statistician  and  assistant  chief  of  bureau,  SAMUEL 
A.  JONES  ;  chief  clerk,  FRANK  G.  KELSEY. 

The  Bureau  of  Statistics  issues  the  monthly  crop  reports  of  the  Department 
of  Agriculture,  prepares  the  statistical  portion  of  the  Yearbook,  and  makes  spe- 
cinl  invesigations  relating  to  agricultural  statistics  and  agricultural  economics, 
for  publication  in  bulletin  form  or  in  response  to  special  inquiries. 

The  monthly  crop  reports,  in  their  scope,  give  at  appropriate  seasons  the 
acreage,  condition,  production,  quality  and  prices  of  corn,  wheat,  oats,  barley, 
rye,  buckwheat,  flaxseed,  potatoes,  hay,  tobacco,  rice,  and  cotton;  the  relative 
condition  during  the  growing  season  and  the  final  production,  compared  with  a 
full  crop,  expressed  in  percentages,  of  apples,  blackberries,  cantaloupes,  cran- 
berries, grapes,  lemons,  oranges,  peaches,  pears,  raspberries,  strawberries, 
watermelons,  asparagus,  beans,  cabbage,  onions,  sweet  potatoes,  tomatoes, 
broom  corn,  hemp,  hops,  peanuts,  sorghum,  sugar  beets,  sugar  cane,  alfalfa, 
blue  grass,  Canadian  peas,  cowpeas,  clover,  kafir  corn,  millet,  timothy,  and 
pastures;  yield  per  acre  of  cowpeas,  kafir  corn,  apples,  cranberries,  grapes, 
pears,  hops,  peanuts,  sweet  potatoes,  sugar  beets,  and  sorghum:  they  give  the 
stock  of  barley,  corn,  oats,  and  wheat  on  hand  at  stated  periods,  the  number, 
value,  condition,  losses  by  disease  or  exposure  of  live  stock,  and  the  average 
weight  per  fleece  of  wool. 

The  statistics  of  acreage  and  production  issued  by  this  bureau  are  based 
upon  estimates,  and  not  upon  an  enumeration,  the  main  object  being  to  present 
early  in  the  crop  season  approximately  accurate  statements  of  supplies  before 
the  products  have  been  entirely  distributed  or  consumed. 

The  bureau  compiles  and  tabulates,  from  official  and  commercial  sources,  the 
world's  production,  by  countries,  of  corn,  wheat,  oats,  barley,  rye,  potatoes, 
rice,  sugar,  cotton,  flax,  tobacco,  wool,  hops,  coffee,  silk,  and  live  stock,  and 
records  and  tabulates  prices  of  the  principal  agricultural  products  in  various 
markets  of  the  United  States. 

It  also  tabulates  and  coordinates  statistics  of  agricultural  production,  dis- 
tribution, and  consumption,  the  authorized  data  of  governments,  institutes,  so- 
cieties, boards  of  trade,  chambers  of  commerce,  produce  exchanges,  trade  jour- 
nals, and  individual  experts. 

Concise  summaries  of  the  monthly  crop  reports  are  given  to  the  press  and 
telegraph  companies  at  a  specified  hour,  previously  advertised,  and  thus  dis- 
tributed quickly  throughout  the  country.  Details  are  printed  soon  after  in  the 
"  Crop  Reporter,"  designed  for  circulation  among  producers  and  consumers. 

CROP   REPORTING    BOARD. 
VICTOR  H.  OLMSTED,  Chairman. 

Monthly  crop  estimates  for  important  crops  are  made  by  a  crop-reporting 
board,  consisting  of  the  chief  of  bureau  as  chairman,  and  four  individual  mem- 
bers, selected  from  the  officials  of  the  bureau  at  Washington  and  from  the  spe- 
cial field  agents  and  State  statistical  agents,  called  to  Washington  on  report 
days  for  that  purpose.  Part  of  the  personnel  of  the  board  is  changed  from 
month  to  month.  Thus  the  members  of  the  board  are  selected  from  a  corps 


44  ORGANIZATION   OF  IH.I'.M:  I  M  K.\T   OF  AGRICULTURE,  1911. 

of  over  60  men,  well  trained  .-mil  thoroughly  Informed  as  to  crop  conditions, 
and  as  to  tin-  relative  value  and  correctness  of  the  \arious  data  upon  which 
the  crop  reports  are  based.     The  data  upon  which  the  monthly  er«»p  re|M>n 
baaed  are  collected  in  qiiadni]>lii-ate.   that  Is,  from   four  sources,  Independent 
of  each  other,  and  used  as  a  check  against  each  other,     in  a   few   inquiries 
additional    sources    of    information    are    utilized.     Thus    reports    relating    to 
acreage  and  production  of  cotton  are  based  upon  returns  from  (1)  field  ap-nts; 
(2)    Stale  statistical   agents;    (.'{)    county  correspondents;    (4)    township   < 
spondents;   (C)  ginners;   (0)   sj)ocial  list,  made  up  mostly  of  bankers,  supply 
men,  etc. ;   (7)  individual  farmers  reporting  for  their  own  farms. 

The  members  of  the  board  during  the  calendar  year  1910,  in  addition  to  the 
chairman  each  month,  were  as  follows:  From  the  department  at   Washington, 
Nat  C.  Murray,  S.  A.  Jones,  and  George  K.  Holmes;  from  the  Special   Field 
Service,  J.  J.  Darg,  J.  P.  Killebrew,  T.  C.  Shaw.  W.  I.    I'ryor,  n.  H.  John-on 
F.  W.  (list,  H.  T.  Bradford,  F.  S.  Plnney,  J.  W.  Richardson.  II.   M.  i;h 
'    H.  Kirk.  A.  S.  Hitt,  and  F.  N.  Gray;  and  from  State  statistical  agents, 
W.  A.  Withers,  W.  J.  Northen,  Jefferson  Johnson,  W.  C.  Duncan.  John  Co 
P.  A.  Rogers,  T.  J.  Anderson,  L.  T.  Moulton,  C.  L.  Hare.  K    .!    Lundy.  A    G 
McCall,  C.  W.  Allen,  and  H.  E.  Chynowlth. 

DIVISION  OF  DOMESTIC  CHOP  REPORTS. 
FEED  J.  BLAIR,  statistical  scientist,  in  charge. 

The  Division  of  Domestic  Crop  Reports  handles  the  reports  of  various  classes 
of  crop  correspondents  of  the  Bureau  of  Statistics  throughout  the  United  States. 
Blank  schedules  are  sent  each  month  to  correspondents,  to  be  used  by  them  in 
making  their  reports  regarding  crop  areas  and  conditions,  quantities  and  quali- 
ties of  production,  prices,  live  stock,  etc.,  as  indicated  in  the  preceding  descrip- 
tion of  the  work  of  the  Bureau  of  Statistics.  These  reports,  when  received,  are 
tabulated  for  the  use  of  the  statistician  and  the  crop  reporting  board  in  com- 
piling monthly  estimates  as  published  by  the  Department  of  Agriculture  In  the 
Crop  Reporter.  At  Intervals  blank  schedules  are  sent  to  cotton  ginners,  Indi- 
vidual farmers,  and  special  correspondents,  to  be  used  by  them  in  making 
reports  regarding  cotton,  live  stock,  and  the  areas  and  quantities  of  various 
crops,  which  are  tabulated  for  use  In  the  same  manner  as  the  reports  referred  to. 

An  important  branch  of  the  work  of  this  division  consists  in  keeping  filled 
the  ranks  of  the  bureau's  crop  correspondents,  among  whom  numerous  changes, 
both  in  personnel  and  post-office  addresses,  occur  from  month  to  month. 

The  voluntary  correspondents  make  reports  on  acreage,  condition,  and  yield 
of  various  crops,  and  on  the  numbers  and  values  of  live  stock,  from  time  to 
time. 

The  chief  of  this  division  has  charge  of  making  such  statistical  computations 
and  compilations  as  are  required  for  the  use  of  the  Bureau  of  Statistics  and 
occasionally  for  other  bureaus  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture  which  have 
need  of  such  work. 

The  mailing  lists  of  the  bureau  are  under  the  direction  of  the  chief  of  this 
division,  who  also  has  charge  of  receiving,  assorting,  and  distributing  the 
voluminous  dally  mall  of  the  bureau. 

FIELD  SERVICE. 

The  service  outside  of  Washington  consists  of  20  special  field  agents,  47 
State  statistical  agents,  and  about  150,000  voluntary  correspondents. 

SPECIAL  FIELD  SERVICE. 
(Under  immediate  direction  of  chief  of  bureau.) 

The  special  field  agents  are  H.  T.  Bradford,  J.  J.  Darg,  S.  D.  Fessenden. 
F.  W.  Gist,  F.  N.  Gray,  A.  F.  Hitt,  Paul  H.  Kirk,  Erwin  T.  Marchettl,  George 
L.  Morgan,  F.  S.  Pinney,  W.  L.  Pryor,  J.  E.  Woodworth,  H.  M.  Rhoads,  J.  W. 
Richardson,  J.  E.  Rickards,  T.  C.  Shaw,  and  B.  C.  White;  special  agent  on  rice. 
De  Lancey  Evans ;  special  agent  on  tobacco,  J.  P.  Killebrew. 

Each  special  field  agent  systematically  traverses  the  agricultural  sections 
of  the  United  States  within  a  certain  designated  district  or  group  of  States, 


STATISTICS  BUREAU.  45 

carefully  notes  the  development  of  each  important  crop,  keeps  in  close  touch 
with  the  best  informed  opinion  throughout  his  district,  and  reports  to  the 
statistician.  The  special  agent  on  rice  and  the  special  agent  on  tobacco 
traverse  all  portions  of  the  United  States  in  which  the  respective  agricultural 
products  upon  which  they  report  are  produced. 

The  State  statistical  agents  maintain  special  corps  of  correspondents  and 
report  to  the  statistician  upon  agricultural  conditions  for  the  States  they  repre- 
sent. The  majority  are  authorized  to  travel  over  their  respective  States  at 
least  twice  each  year,  thus  keeping  in  close  touch  with  their  correspondents 
and  with  agricultural  conditions. 

DIVISION  OF  PRODUCTION  AND  DISTRIBUTION. 
GEORGE  K.  HOLMES,  statistical  scientist  in  charge. 

The  Division  of  Production  and  Distribution  has  developed  a  scope  of  work 
in  directions  heretofore  little,  if  at  all,  explored.  It  has  created  a  general 
survey  of  agricultural  conditions  and  accomplishments  in  the  United  States, 
composed  of  the  more  important  elements  of  production,  in  quantity  and  value ; 
of  national  surplus,  deficiency,  and  consumption ;  of  farm  wealth  and  labor ; 
and  of  economic  achievement  and  agricultural  progress. 

The  production  of  important  agricultural  commodities  by  the  principal  coun- 
tries of  the  world  below  and  above  their  respective  requirements  for  consump- 
tion, the  sources  of  the  supply  of  such  commodities  to  deficient  countries,  and 
the  destination  of  the  surpluses  of  exporting  countries  together  constitute  a 
subject  of  unceasing  popular  interest  which  is  receiving  much  attention  in  this 
division. 

The  historical  aspect  of  the  agricultural  production  of  the  United  States  in 
particular  products  and  of  the  surplus  or  deficiency  with  regard  to  domestic 
consumption  has  occasioned  much  painstaking  and  original  work. 

The  trend  of  events  in  recent  years  has  made  the  future  supply  of  wheat  a 
world  problem,  and  the  subject  has  received  and  is  receiving  original  treatment. 
Meat  supply  also  is  a  problem  of  world-wide  concern,  and  a  large  amount  of 
varied  information  concerning  it  has  been  collected  and  published.  Constant 
efforts  are  made  to  bring  to  date  the  information  concerning  wheat  and  meat. 

The  transportation  of  agricultural  products  from  farm  to  consumer  by  wagon, 
rail,  and  water,  and  the  costs  and  methods  of  marketing  are  subjects  which 
have  been  productive  of  much  original  work.  It  is  accumulating  much  infor- 
mation relating  to  farmers'  associations  on  the  cooperative  plan  for  production, 
selling,  and  buying;  for  fire,  live  stock,  and  other  insurance;  for  warehousing, 
for  performing  telephone  service,  and  for  promoting  mutual  helpfulness. 
Matters  of  economic  significance  in  the  production  of  wealth  on  farms  and  in 
the  disposal  of  products  afford  a  wide  range  for  work  in  this  division  in  many 
directions  which  are  not  pursued  by  any  other  departmental  office. 

Along  the  lines  of  work  pursued,  the  effort  is  to  establish  permanent  results 
of  frequent  utility  to  the  offices  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture,  to  the  many 
applicants  for  information  outside  of  the  department,  and  to  the  general  public. 
Most  of  the  many  bulletins  issued  from  this  division  are  of  permanent  use- 
fulness and  are  in  current  demand;  the  many  special  articles  that  have  been 
prepared  for  the  Yearbook  by  persons  employed  in  this  division  are  of  con- 
tinuing service;  and  the  three  score  statistical  tables  contributed  to  the  Agri- 
cultural Statistics  of  the  Yearbook  are  brought  down  to  date  annually  and  are 
of  permanent  value. 

This  is  an  office  of  special  research  and  investigation  within  a  field  not  cov- 
ered by  any  office  in  any  other  department.  The  following  lines  of  work  illus- 
trate the  activities  of  this  division:  The  total  quantity  and  value  of  agricul- 
tural production  yearly  subsequent  to  the  Federal  census;  an  annual  review 
of  agricultural  production;  the  ascertainment  of  the  national  surplus  of  agri- 
cultural products  in  quantity  and  value;  a  summary  of  the  receipts  in  the 
United  States  of  the  agricultural  products  of  other  countries  and  a  determina- 
tion of  the  farmers'  international  balance  of  trade.  There  are  such  inquiries 
also  as  those  relating  to  the  movement  from  city  to  country,  rural  life  and 
'  agriculture,  the  wages  of  farm  laborers  in  the  United  States,  and  the  chro- 
nology of  United  States  agriculture. 

In  continuation  of  the  foregoing  may  be  mentioned  a  compilation  of  the 
international  trade  of  all  countries  in  prominent  agricultural  products:  the 


46  ORGANIZATION    I.F    l-irx  M  .i:l<   I   I.  M '  KK.    \\t\\. 

production  of  prominent  crops  in  all  chief  con:  iln-  earth:   the  dat.- 

plantinu  and  maturity  of  cultivated  crops  in  :ill  countries,  incliidini:  tlie  Uuited 
Slates;    and    cnll«>n    production    throughout    the    world    with    reference    to    1  he 
'enanee  of  the  supremacy  of  the  cotton  of  the  United  States. 

DIVISION  OF  RESEARCH  AND  REFERENCE. 

Oi.visi.rs  M.  1  >\i •t.iiKiti  v.  xlnlixlii-iil  M  imtixt.  in  chnnji'. 

The  work  of  this  division  is  chiefly  editorial  In  character  and  may  be  sum- 
marized as  follows  : 

Kdlting  and  revising  all  bulletins  and  circulars  written  or  compiled  in  ihe 
bureau. 

The  ]>rcpar:ition  of  articles  for  and  the  vditini:  »t'  the  <'n.p  Keporter,  a 
monthly  pnhlication  of  the  bureau,  designed  to  disseminate  useful  ami  timely 
information  in  regard  to  crops,  agricultural  conditions,  and  prices  i.f  a-ricul- 
lural  products  in  the  I'nited  States  and  foreign  countries. 

'1'he  preparation  of  bulletins. 

The  examination  and  collation  of  information  from  domestic  and  foreign 
journals,  Federal.  State,  and  foreign  censuses,  reports  of  municipal  chambers 
of  commerce,  and  of  statistical  bureaus  of  home  and  foreign  ^o\enim«-nts  on 
matters  relating  to  agriculture,  for  the  purpose  of  preparing  reports  thereon 
and  of  answering  special  inquiries  addressed  to  the  department  concerning  agri- 
cultural statistics. 

Translations  for  the  ltun-.ui.  and  occasionally  for  other  bureaus  "f  the  de- 
partment. <>f  articles  and  letters  in  foreign  lanunapes. 

The  compilation  of  statistics  from  ollicial  and  other  sources,  u'ivin-,  in  so  far 
as  ascertainable.  the  world's  annual  area  and  production,  by  countries,  of  corn, 
wheat,  rye.  oats,  barley,  and  tlaxseed.  and  the  production  of  coffee,  for  pub- 
lication in  the  Yearbook. 

The  management  and  care  of  the  statistical  library  of  the  bureau,  and.  in 
connection  therewith,  the  compilation  of  a  comprehensive  card  index  of  current 
agricultural  information  contained  in  the  official  and  commercial  publications 
of  the  principal  countries  of  the  world. 

LIBRARY. 
Librarian,  CLARIBEL  R.  BABNETT;  assistant  librarian,  EMMA  B.  HAWKS. 

The  librarian  has  general  supervision  of  the  library,  purchases  books  and 
I>eriodicals,  supervises  their  arrangement  and  cataloguing,  and  has  charge  of 
the  preparation  of  bibliographies  and  similar  publications.  The  librarian  is 
also  in  ehar.se  of  the  mailing  lists  for  the  distribution  of  department  publica- 
tions in  foreign  countries. 

OFFICE  OF  EXPERIMENT  STATIONS. 

Din  <•(,,>•.  A.  C.  TRUE;  assistant  iliirctor,  K.  W.  AI.IIN:  </;/•/  e'er/.-.  Mrs.  < '.   !•:. 

JOHNSTON. 

The  work  of  the  Office  of  Experiment  Stations  includes:  (1)  Relations  with 
American  and  foreign  institutions  for  agricultural  research,  together  with  the 
supervision  of  expenditures  of  the  agricultural  experiment  stations  in  the 
United  States;  (2)  the  preparation  of  publications;  (3)  the  management  of 
the  experiment  stations  in  Alaska,  Hawaii,  Porto  Rico,  and  Cuam:  i -U  rela- 
tions with  agricultural  colleges  and  schools,  farmers'  Institutes  and  kindred 
organizations  nt  home  and  abroad,  and  the  general  promotion  of  agricultural 
education  in  the  United  States;  (5)  irrigation  investigations;  if.)  drainage 
Investigations;  and  (7)  nutrition  investigations.  In  all  lines  of  work  the  office 
cooperates  with  the  agricultural  colleges  and  experiment  stations. 

RELATIONS  WITH  INSTITUTIONS  FOR  AGRICULTURAL  RESEARCH. 
E.  W.  ALLEN,  assistant  director,  and  editor  of  Experiment  ftntinn  Record. 

This  office  represents  the  department  In  Its  relations  with  the  agricultural 
experiment  stations  maintained  In  all  the  States  and  Territories  under  the  acts 


EXPERIMENT   STATIONS   OFFICE.  47 

of  Congress  of  March  2,  1887,  and  March  16,  1906.  It  supervises  the  expendi- 
tures of  the  Federal  funds  granted  to  the  stations  under  these  acts  and  pub- 
lishes information  regarding  their  organization,  equipment,  resources,  and  work. 
Its  principal  publications  based  on  the  work  of  the  stations  are  in  two  series, 
(1)  Experiment  Station  Record  and  (2)  Experiment  Station  Work. 

Experiment  Station  Record,  begun  in  1889,  comprises  abstracts  of  the  bulle- 
tins and  annual  reports  of  the  experiment  stations  in  the  United  States,  the 
publications  of  the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculure,  books,  journals, 
and  miscellaneous  publications  containing  reports  of  investigations  in  agricul- 
tural science  in  the  different  countries  of  the  world;  editorials  on  important 
matters  relating  to  the  progress  of  agricultural  investigation  and  science,  sta- 
tion administration,  suggestions  of  lines  of  inquiry  for  stations,  agricultural 
education,  etc. ;  and  notes  on  the  organization,  equipment,  and  development  of 
institutions  for  agricultural  education  and  research  at  home  and  abroad.  Each 
volume  of  the  Record  consists  of  nine  numbers  and  detailed  author  and  subject 
indexes.  Two  volumes  are  issued  annually.  This  journal  is  sent  without 
charge  to  institutions  for  agricultural  education  and  research  in  this  country,  to 
the  officers  of  such  institutions,  to  similar  institutions  in  foreign  countries,  to 
important  libraries,  and  to  a  select  list  of  scientists  and  specialists  who  coop- 
erate with  the  department.  It  is  also  sold  by  the  superintendent  of  documents 
at  $1  a  volume. 

Experiment  Station  Work,  which  is  published  periodically  (every  two  months) 
in  the  Farmers'  Bulletin  series  of  the  department,  gives  a  popular  summary  "of 
some  of  the  more  salient  practical  results  of  the  work  of  the  experiment  sta- 
tions and  is  distributed  free  of  charge. 

The  editorial  staff  engaged  in  the  preparation  of  these  periodicals  is  as  fol- 
lows:  Assistant  editor,  H.  L.  Knight;  agricultural  chemistry  and  agrotechny, 
L.  W.  Fetzer;  meteorology,  soils,  and  fertilizers,  W.  H.  Beal  and  B.  W.  Till- 
man;  agricultural  botany,  bacteriology,  and  vegetable  pathology,  W.  H.  Evans 
and  W.  H.  Long;  field  crops,  J.  I.  Schulte  and  J.  O.  Rankin;  horticulture  and 
forestry,  E.  J.  Glasson;  foods  and  human  nutrition,  C.  F.  Langworthy;  zoo- 
techny,  dairying,  and  dairy  farming,  E.  W.  Morse;  economic  zoology  and  ento- 
mology, W.  A.  Hooker;  veterinary  medicine,  W.  A.  Hooker  and  L.  W.  Fetzer; 

rural  engineering,  — ;  rural  economics,  B.  B.  Hare;  agricultural 

education,  D.  J.  Crosby. 

EDITORIAL  DIVISION. 
W.  II.  BEAL,  chief. 

This  division  is  charged  with  the  editing  of  the  publications  of  the  office, 
exclusive  of  the  Experiment  Station  Record.  These  include:  (1)  Annual  re- 
ports, including  the  administrative  report  of  the  director  and  the  larger  annual 
report  of  the  office;  (2)  Experiment  Station  Work;  (3)  publications  relating 
to  the  food  and  nutrition  of  man,  consisting  of  technical  and  popular  bulletins, 
reports,  and  circulars,  based  upon  the  results  of  nutrition  investigations  con- 
ducted under  the  auspices  of  the  office;  (4)  publications  relating  to  irrigation 
and  drainage,  which  include  reports,  technical  and  popular  bulletins,  and  cir- 
.culars,  giving  the  results  of  the  irrigation  and  drainage  investigations  of  the 
office;  (5)  educational  and  other  publications,  including  those  relating  to  agri- 
cultural colleges  and  schools,  extension  departments,  farmers'  institutes  and 
similar  organizations  at  home  and  abroad,  and  the  card  index  of  experiment 
station  literature,  besides  miscellaneous  documents  of  various  kinds. 

In  the  preparation  and  editing  of  these  publications  the  chief  of  the  editorial 
division  is  assisted  by  other  members  of  the  office  staff. 

DIVISION    OF    INSULAB   EXPERIMENT    STATIONS. 

WALTER  H.  EVANS,  chief. 

This  division  is  charged  with  the  general  business  connected  with  the  man- 
agement of  experiment  stations  in  Alaska,  Hawaii.  Porto  Rico,  and  Guam,  which 
are  conducted  under  the  direction  of  the  office. 


48  ORGANIZATION    OF   DEPARTM  I  .ii  I  I.TUKK,    l!»ll. 

ALASKA  AUKIITLTI'RAL  KXPKRIMKNT  STATIONS. 
C.  C.  GcoHufcM'.v  >i//,'/.  .s/«  ci»//  nijmt  in  charge. 


The  niiiin  slat.  :  icuiliiral  in\  estimations  in  Alaska   is  Ineate.l  ;it   Silka. 

Investigations  nre  Jilso  carried  on  at  Rampart,  in  the  Yukon  Valley;  at  Kodiuk  ; 
and  nt  Fairbanks,  in  the  valley  of  the  Tanana  River.  'Die  work  consists  of 
tieltt  experiments  with  reals,  and  foruge  plants,  hort  i.-iiltnnil  In- 

vestigations, (lie  maintenance  of  live  stock,  the  curing  <•!'  hay  an<l  silage,  the 
distribution  of  seeds,  and  an  agricultural  survey  »\'  ihe  Territory.  i:«  >n|.-s  the 
special  agent  In  charge,  tin-  <.ili,-«-rs  ><i  the  stations  are  as  follows:  A.  J.  Wllkus, 
assistant,  at  Sltka  ;  G.  W.  Gasser,  assistant,  at  Rampart:  M.  I  >.  Sno«|grass, 
assistant,  at  Kodiak:  J.  VV.  Neal,  assistant,  at  Fairbanks. 

HAWAII  AcKicri/ruKAL  EXPERIMENT  STATION. 
E.  V.  WILCOX,  Honolulu,  special  agent  in  charge. 

The  Hawaii  Agricultural  Experiment  Station  has  headquarters  at  Honolulu, 
where  a  tract  of  land  has  been  reserved  for  its  use  by  the  Hawaiian  govern- 
ment. The  investigations  include  experiments  with  cotton,  tobacco,  rice,  forage 
crops,  fiber  and  horticultural  plants,  and  investigations  in  vegetable  pathology 
and  in  entomology.  Besides  the  special  agent  in  charge,  the  officers  of  the 
station  are  as  follows:  D.  T.  Fullaway,  entomologist;  J.  E.  Higgins,  horticul- 
turist; C.  J.  Hunn  and  V.  G.  Holt,  assistants  in  horticulture;  C.  K.  McClelland, 
agronomist;  C.  A.  Sahr,  assistant  in  agronomy:  \V.  P.  Kelley,  chemist;  W.  T. 
McGeorge  and  Alice  R.  Thompson,  assistant  chemists. 

PORTO    RlCO    AGBICt  I.Tl  KAI.    K.XI'ERIMENT    STATION. 

D.  W.  MAY,  Mayayucz,  special  agent  in  charge. 

The  Porto  Rico  Agricultural  Experiment  Station  has  its  headquarters  at 
Mayaguez,  on  a  tract  of  land  of  235  acres,  purchased  for  its  use  by  the  insular 
government.  Investigations  are  in  progress  on  questions  relating  especially  i.» 
the  growing  of  coffee,  field  crops,  and  horticultural  plants,  the  development  of 
animal  industry  and  dairying,  soils,  vegetable  pathology,  and  entomology.  The 
officers  of  the  station  are:  The  special  agent  in  charge;  C.  F.  Kinman,  horti- 
culturist; T.  B.  McClelland,  assistant  in  horticulture;  W.  V.  Tower,  entomolo- 
gist; G.  L.  Fawcett,  plant  pathologist;  P.  L.  Gile,  chemist;  C.  N.  Ageton,  assist- 
ant chemist  ;  and1  E.  G.  Ritzman,  animal  husbandman. 

GUAM  AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMENT  STATION. 
J.  B.  THOMPSON,  Guam,  special  agent  in  charge;  P.  NELSON,  assistant. 

The  agricultural  experiment  station  in  Guam  is  located  near  Agafia,  the  prin- 
cipal town  of  the  island.  Experiments  are  being  conducted  in  improved 
methods  of  cultivation,  introduction  and  improvement  of  tropical  agricultural 
crops,  introduction  of  improved  live  stock,  and  similar  lines  of  work. 

RELATIONS  WITH  AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGES  AND  SCHOOLS. 
D.  J.  CROSBY,  specialist  in  agricultural  education;  C.  H.  LANE,  assistant. 

This  branch  of  the  office  represents  the  department  in  Its  relations  with  the 
agricultural  colleges  established  under  the  acts  of  Congress  of  July  2,  1862,  and 
August  30,  1890.  It  collates  and  publishes  information  regarding  the  organiza- 
tion, equipment,  resources,  and  courses  of  study  of  agricultural  colleges  and 
schools  in  this  and  other  countries.  It  promotes  the  general  interests  of  agri- 
cultural education  throughout  the  United  States,  including  especially  the  intro- 
duction of  instruction  In  agriculture  Into  secondary  and  elementary  schools. 

RELATIONS  WITH  FARMERS'  INSTITUTES. 
JOHN  HAMILTON,  farmers'  institute  specialist;  J.  M.  STEDMAN,  assistant. 

This  branch  of  the  office  investigates  and  reports  upon  the  organization  and 
progress  of  farmers'  institutes  In  the  several  States  and  Territories,  and  aids 


EXPERIMENT   STATIONS   OFFICE.  49 

in  making  such  organizations  more  effective  for  the  dissemination  of  the  results 
of  the  work  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture  and  the  agricultural  experiment 
stations,  and  of  improved  methods  of  agricultural  practice.  It  also  aids  in  the 
wider  diffusion  of  agricultural  education  among  adults  through  movable  schools 
and  other  forms  of  extension  work. 

NUTRITION  INVESTIGATIONS. 
C.  F.  LANGWORTHY,  expert  in  charge;  R.  D.  MILNEB,  assistant. 

This  branch  of  the  office  investigates  and  reports  upon  the  nutritive  value 
of  agricultural  products  used  for  human  food,  with  special  suggestions  of  plans 
and  methods  for  the  more  effective  utilization  of  such  products  for  this  pur- 
pose. The  work  is  done  in  cooperation  with  other  bureaus  of  the  department. 
S.  C.  Clark  and  W.  P.  Garrety,  assistants  in  nutrition  laboratory. 

IRRIGATION  INVESTIGATIONS. 
SAMUEL  FORTIER,  chief. 

The  irrigation  investigations  branch  of  the  office  aims  to  extend  the  area 
irrigated  and  the  yield  and  value  of  the  crops  grown  on  this  area  by  improving 
irrigation  practice,  and  to  prevent  waste  of  time  and  money  by  settlers  by  giv- 
ing them  practical  directions  as  to  methods  of  preparing  land  for  irrigation  and 
applying  water.  It  includes  (1)  investigations  and  experiments  for  the  ad- 
vancement of  knowledge  regarding  the  use  of  water  for  irrigation;  (2)  the  col- 
lection and  publication  of  practical  information  regarding  irrigation  practice; 
(3)  development  of  methods  for  utilizing  ground  and  storm  waters  in  irriga- 
tion, and  the  extension  of  irrigation  in  the  semiarid  region  through  the  use  of 
limited  water  supplies;  (4)  experiments  in  the  use  of  power  for  securing  a 
water  supply  for  irrigation;  and  (5)  studies  of  the  legal  and  economic  relations 
of  irrigators  to  each  other  and  to  the  public. 

R.  P.  Teele,1  assistant  chief;  Fred  G.  Harden,  assistant.  In  charge  of  field 
work:  A.  P.  Stover,  Oregon;  C.  E.  Tait,  soy  them  California;  S.  O.  Jayne,  Wash- 
ington ;  Frank  Adams,  California ;  P.  E.  Fuller,  Arizona  and  power  investiga- 
tions; W.  L.  Rockwell,  Texas;  Don  II.  Bark,  Idaho;  Milo  B.  Williams,  humid 
section;  C.  G.  Haskell,  rice  investigations;  J.  W.  Longstreth,  Kansas: 
Fred  C.  Scobey,  Wyoming ;  S.  T.  Harding,  Montana  and  North  Dakota ;  and 
F.  W.  Stanley,  Nebraska  and  South  Dakota.  Assistant  engineer :  R.  D.  Robert- 
son. Editorial  clerk :  Frank  Huntington.  Collaborators :  O.  V.  P.  Stout,  Ne- 
braska ;  Gordon  H.  True,  Nevada ;  W.  B.  Gregory,  Louisiana  and  Texas ;  V.  M. 
Cone.  Colorado ;  F.  L.  Bixby,  New  Mexico ;  and  S.  H.  Beckett,  California.  Irri- 
gation farmers:  John  Gordon,  R.  G.  Hemphill,  W.  H.  Lauck,  R.  E.  Mahoney, 
and  John  Krall,  jr. 

DRAINAGE  INVESTIGATIONS. 
C.  G.  ELLIOTT,  chief. 

The  drainage  investigations  of  the  office  embrace  the  investigation  of  the 
following  subjects:  (1)  The  best  practical  methods  of  removing  surplus  water 
from  lands  having  an  agricultural  value  in  both  humid  and  irrigated  sections; 
(2)  the  protection  of  lands  which  are  capable  of  being  made  productive,  from 
the  periodical  overflow  of  streams;  (3)  the  reclamation  of  tidal  lands  which 
may  be  made  valuable  for  agriculture;  and  (4)  the  controlling  and  conservation 
of  the  rainfall  on  hillside  lands  which  are  susceptible  of  tillage. 

In  order  to  cover  adequately  this  general  field,  the  work  is  carried  on  by  three 
different  methods : 

First.  The  examination  and  study  of  the  drainage  laws  in  force,  and  their 
application  in  this  and  other  countries,  and  of  past  and  current  drainage  prac- 
tice, with  reference  to  the  use  of  various  methods  and  their  success  or  failure 
in  solving  existing  problems  in  localities  where  drainage  is  an  important  factor 
in  agriculture;  also  the  collection  and  systematic  arrangement  of  known  general 
principles  and  descriptions  of  the  best  current  drainage  practice  for  the  infor- 

1  On  furlough,  in  charge  of  irrigation  census. 
1525— Cir.  1—11 4 


50          ORGANIZATION   OF  DEPARTMENT   OF  AGRICULTURE,  1911. 

mntlon  and  use  of  agricultural  engineers  and  others  upon  whom  the  planning 
and  carrying  out  of  drainage  work  devolves. 

Second.  Assisting  fanners,  communities,  and  districts  In  the  initiation  and 
direction  of  dr:iin:i^e  improvements,  by  extended  examinations'  and  preliminary 
surveys,  if  necessary,  in  (>nler  to  determine  the  practicability  of  the  desired 
drainage  and  the  best  plan  to  be  adopted  for  the  work,  such  assistance  being 
rendered  In  representative  localities  for  the  purpose  of  encouraging  and  pro- 
moting correct  practice  rather  than  for  the  purpose  of  lessening  the  preliminary 
expense  of  those  who  incidentally  profit  by  such  assistance. 

Thinl.  The  examination  and  experimental  investigation  of  problems  pertain- 
ing to  land  drainage.  c.,ncerning  which  there  Is  a  lack  of  existing  information. 

Chief  drainage  engineer,  C.  G.  Elliott;  office  engineer  and  assistant  chief, 
A.  D.  Morehouse;  office  engineer,  R.  D.  Marsden;  assistant  office  engineer, 
H.-H.  Barrows;  draftsmen,  O.  F.  Pohlers  and  H.  B.  Art  ley:  senior  clerk,  H.  8. 
Yohe;  drainage  engineers,  S.  H.  McCrory,  H.  A.  Klpp,  F.  F.  Shafer,  O.  G. 
Baxter,  G.  M.  Warren,  D.  L.  Tarnell,  J.  V.  Phillips,  and  C.  W.  Okey;  drainage 
engineers  for  Irrigated  lands,  R.  A.  Hart,  D.  G.  Miller,  W.  W.  Weir.  S.  W. 
Cooper,  W.  A.  Kelly,  W.  N.  Hall,  and  W.  G.  Sloan ;  assistant  drainage  engineers, 
J.  R.  Haswell,  N.  B.  Wade,  W.  J.  Schlick,  A.  G.  Hall,  and  C.  W.  Mengel ;  engi- 
neers available  for  special  work,  A.  E.  Morgan,  S.  M.  Woodward,  C.  F.  Brown, 
and  L.  L.  Hldinger. 

OFFICE  OF  PUBLIC  ROADS. 

Director,   LOGAN  WALLER   PAGE;   assistant   ilirrctnr,  PAUL  D.   SAROKNT;   chief 
engineer,  VEBNON  M.  PEIBCE;  chemist,  PREVOST  HUBBAHD;  testing  cngin 
ALBERT  F.  GOLDBECK  ;  chief  clerk,  W.  CABL  WYATT. 

The  Office  of  Public  Roads  collects  data  concerning  systems  of  road  manage- 
ment and  all  phases  of  road  Improvement,  and  makes  comparative  studies  of  the 
subject ;  Investigates  methods  of  road  building  and  maintenance,  and  furnishes 
expert  assistance  to  rural  sections  In  road  construction;  tests  road  materials 
and  ascertains  their  location  and  comparative  value;  cooperates  with  schools 
and  colleges  In  highway  engineering-  instruction,  and  publishes  information  of 
value  concerning  road  improvement  for  free  distribution. 

The  work  of  the  office  is  mainly  directed:  (1)  To  the  collection  and  compila- 
tion of  data  In  reference  to  systems  of  road  management  and  to  a  comparative 
study  of  such  systems  in  order  to  determine  the  merits  and  defects  of  each  as 
far  as  possible,  and  to  ascertain  the  causes  of  success  or  failure;  (2)  to  obtain 
full  jmd  accurate  statistics  on  all  phases  of  road  improvement  and  present 
them  to  the  public  in  such  forms  as  to  constitute  a  practical  basis  for  the  deter- 
mination of  many  points  bearing  upon  the  economics  of  road  construction: 
(3)  to  direct  the  efforts  of  rural  sections  along  proper  lines  in  actual  road 
building;  and  to  this  end  highway  engineers  and  road  experts  are  detailed  to 
render  service  and  cooperate  with  the  local  officials  In  the  construction  of  short 
sections  of  model  roads,  which  frequently  form  nuclei  of  extensive  systems  of 
improved  roads;  (4)  to  ascertain  the  location,  availability,  and  comparative 
value  of  road-building  materials  in  all  parts  of  the  United  States,  for  which 
purpose  laboratories  are  maintained  in  Washington  to  investigate  the  chemical 
and  physical  properties  of  road  materials  and  other  materials  of  construction, 
and  to  conduct  experiments  tending  to  increase  facilities  for  road  improvement 
so  far  as  materials  are  concerned;  (5)  to  find  practical  solutions  for  the  prob- 
lems confronting  large  sections  of  country  where,  from  lack  of  natural  road 
materials  or  from  other  causes,  the  cost  of  hard  roads  is  now  prohibitive. 
Experimental  roads  are  built  to  test  substitutes  for  natural  road  materials. 
and  the  question  of  long-distance  transportation  receives  careful  consideration : 
MI.  to  direct  more  general  attention  to  highway  engineering  in  schools  and 
colleges  throughout  the  United  States,  In  order  that  an  adequate  number  of 
competent  highway  engineers  may  be  prepared  to  carry  on  properly  the  vast 
work  of  highway  Improvement.  The  office  Is  endeavoring  to  keep  In  close 
tourn  with  educational  Institutions  in  this  respect  and  to  render  every  assist- 
ance possible.  In  furtherance  of  this  general  plan  a  one-year  port-graduate 
course  in  highway  engineering  is  conducted  by  the  office,  providing  practical 
laboratory  and  field  Instruction  and  exercises.  The  advantages  of  this  system 
are  mutual — the  student  renders  service  to  the  Government  and  In  turn  receives 


ADVISORY    BOARD.  51 

a  small  money  compensation  and  such  training  as  will  fit  him  to  discharge  in- 
telligently the  duties  of  his  profession;  (7)  to  investigate  the  comparative 
effects  of  motor  and  horse  traffic  on  various  types  of  roads  and  to  devise  methods 
of  construction  adapted  to  modern  traffic  conditions;  (8)  to  cooperate  with 
agricultural  colleges  and  experiment  stations  wherever  practicable  in  order  to 
accomplish  the  purposes  above  outlined.  In  all  States  having  State  highway 
officials  the  office  acts  in  harmony  with  such  officials;  (9)  to  disseminate  by  all 
available  means  information  of  value  to  the  American  people  in  connection  with 
the  improvement  of  roads. 

ADVISORY  BOARDS. 
REFEREE  BOABD  OF  CONSULTING  SCIENTIFIC  EXPEBTS. 

The  referee  board  was  created  by  a  special  order  dated  February  24,  1908, 
and  consists  of  the  following  members:  Dr.  Ira  Remsen,  chairman;  Dr.  Rus- 
sell H.  Chittenden,  Dr.  John  H.  Long,  Dr.  Alonzo  E.  Taylor,  and  Dr.  Theobald 
Smith.  The  board  considers  those  scientific  questions,  arising  from  time  to 
time  in  the  enforcement  of  the  food  and  drugs  act  of  June  30,  1906,  which 
may  be  referred  to  the  board  by  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture.  The  board  has 
made  an  exhaustive  report  to  the  Secretary  on  the  healthfulness  of  benzoate  of 
soda  in  food,  and  is  at  present  considering  the  healthfulness  of  saccharine  and 
sulphur  in  food  products. 

BOARD  OF  FOOD  AND  DRUG  INSPECTION. 

The  Board  of  Food  and  Drug  Inspection,  created  by  order  of  the  Secretary  on 
April  25,  1907,  considers  all  questions  other  than  legal  questions  arising  in  the 
enforcement  of  the  food  and  drugs  act  of  June  30,  1906,  upon  which  the  deci- 
sion of  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  is  necessary,  and  reports  its  findings  to  the 
Secretary  for  his  consideration  and  decision.  All  correspondence  involving 
interpretations  of  the  law  and  questions  arising  under  the  law,  not  theretofore 
passed  upon  by  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture,  is  considered  by  the  board,  which 
holds  frequent  meetings,  at  stated  times,  in  order  that  findings  may  be  reported 
promptly.  The  board  also  conducts  hearings  based  upon  alleged  violations  of 
the  food  and  drugs  act  provided  for  by  the  rules  and  regulations  approved 
October  17,  1906.  The  members  are  Dr.  Harvey  W.  Wiley,  Chief,  Bureau  of 
Chemistry,  chairman ;  Dr.  Frederick  L.  Dunlap,  associate  chemist,  Bureau  of 
Chemistry ;  and  Mr.  George  P.  McCabe,  Solicitor  of  the  department. 

COMMITTEE  ON  BUILDINGS  OF  THE  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE. 

A  committee,  of  which  Mr.  A.  Zappone,  Chief  of  the  Division  of  Accounts  and 
Disbursements,  is  chairman,  is  charged  with  the  directing  and  supervising  of 
changes  in  the  buildings  of  the  department  as  may  be  necessary,  and  for  advis- 
ing and  recommending  proper  and  systematic  management  of  new  buildings, 
rented  quarters,  etc.  This  committee  acts,  also,  as  a  board  of  awards,  consid- 
ering all  bids  pertaining  to  the  construction  of  new  buildings  that  may  be 
erected  by  the  Department  of  Agriculture,  and  all  changes  necessary  in  build- 
ings connected  with  the  bureaus  and  divisions  of  the  department.  In  addition 
to  the  chairman  the  members  of  the  committee  are  Mr.  C.  C.  Clark,  chief  clerk 
of  the  department,  and  Mr.  Jasper  Wilson,  private  secretary  to  the  Secretary 
of  Agriculture. 

COMMITTEE  ON  PERSONNEL. 

The  committee  on  personnel  is  composed  of  Willet  M.  Hays,  Assistant  Secre- 
tary of  Agriculture;  C.  C.  Clark,  Chief  Clerk  of  the  department;  and  George 
P.  McCabe,  Solicitor  of  the  department. 

Each  chief  of  bureau,  office,  or  division  is  directed  to  report  to  the  Secre- 
tary, for  reference  to  this  committee,  dereliction  of  duty  and  actions  prejudicial 
to  the  interests  of  the  department.  The  commitee  considers  all  such  cases, 
and  when  it  finds  it  to  be  necessary,  on  its  own  motion,  investigates  and  makes 
reports  to  the  Secretary. 


52          ORGANIZATION   OF   DEPARTMENT   OF  AGRICULTURE,  1911. 

The  committee  is  empowered  to  summon  any  employee  as  a  witness.  It  is 
not  Intended,  howevrr.  tli:it  tli«-  W.M-U  nf  this  committee  shall  interfere  with  the 
proper  supervision  of  employees  by  other  bun-an  .-mil  division  officials. 

ADVISORY  COMMITTEE  ON  PRINTING  AND  PUBLICATION  WORK. 

The  advisory  committee  on  printing  and  publication  work  is  made  up  as 
follows:  \v.  M  llnys.  Assistant  Secretary,  chairman:  Willis  L.  Moore,  Chief 
of  the  Weather  Bureau;  and  Jos.  A.  Arnold,  Department  Editor,  secretary. 
The  duties  of  tin-  «>minittee  are  to  assist  in  carrying  out  the  directions  of  the 
order  under  whi.  h  it  was  appointed.  There  are  no  stated  times  for  holding 
meetings,  the  committee  being  railed  together  whenever  its  advice  is  deemed 

DMtMUy, 

INSECTICIDE  AND  FUNGICIDE  BOARD. 

The  insecticide  and  fungicide  board,  created  by  a  special  order  of  the  Secre- 
tary. «n  1 1, .  .-mber  22,  1910,  assists  the  Secretary  in.  the  cut'on -rim-nt  "f  tin-  in- 
secticide act  of  1910.    It  consists  of  the  following  members:  In.  Marion  I  ><>t 
chairman;  Mr.  M.  I:.  Wai  to.  1'rof.  A.  L.  Quaintance,  and  Dr.  J.  K.  Haywood; 
A.  W.  Smlth.-executive  officer. 


INDEX. 

Page. 

Aaronsohn,  A.,  expert,  crop  plant  acclimatization,  Plant  Industry 16 

Accounts  and  Disbursements  Division,  Forest  Service  branch,  work 

officials  and  duties 40 

Division,  Weather  Bureau,  work 8-9 

Acquisition  of  Lands  under  Weeks  Law,  Forest  Service,  work 24-25 

Adams,  C.  H.,  assistant  district  forester,  acquisition  of  lands,  Forest  Service.. 

E.  L.,  scientific  assistant,  grain  investigations,  Plant  Industry. 17 

Frank,   in  charge,   California  irrigation   investigations,   Experiment 

Stations 49 

James  B.,  assistant  forester  in  charge,  lands  branch,  and  operation 

branch,  Forest  Service 

Advisory  boards,  officials  and  work 51 

Ageton,  C.  N.,  assistant  chemist,  Porto  Rico  Experiment  Station 48 

Agricultural  extension,  western,  Plant  Industry,  work 

research,  Experiment  Stations  Office,  work 46 

technology,  etc.,  Plant  Industry,  work 16 

Ainslie,  Charles  N.,  assistant,  cereal  and  forage  insect  investigations,  Entomol- 
ogy          35 

Alaska  Experiment  Stations,  work 

Albrech,  M.  C.,  chief,  inspection  laboratory,  Pittsburgh,  Chemistry  Bureau..        26 

Alciatore,  Henry  F.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Little  Rock,  Ark 

Alexander,  William  H.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Baltimore,  Md 

Alkali  plant-breeding  investigations,  etc.,  Plant  Industry,  work 17-18 

Allard,  H.  A.,  scientific  assistant,  tobacco  investigations,  Plant  Industry 

Allen,  E.  W.,  assistant  director,  Experiment  Stations  Office 

C.  W. ,  member  crop  reporting  board,  Statistics 

R.  T.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 

Allison,  J.  H.,  expert,  plant-introduction,  Plant  Industry 

Alps,  Henry  F.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Reno,  Nev 10 

Alsberg,  C.  L.,  chemical  biologist,  drug-plant  investigations,  Plant  Industry..         16 
Alwood,  Wm.  B.,  in  charge  Enological  Technology  Section,  Chemistry  Bureau. 

Ames,  F.  E.,  assistant  district  forester,  Acquisition,  Forest  Service 

Anders,  A.  T.,  agent,  crop  plant  acclimatization,  Plant  Industry 16 

Anderson,  G.  G.,  assistant  in  office  methods,  operations  branch,  Forest  Service. 

T.  J. ,  member  crop  reporting  board,  Statistics 44 

Animal  Husbandry  Division,  Animal  Industry,  work 

"  Industry  Bureau,  divisions,  officials,  work 9-14 

Physiological  Chemistry  Section,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work 31 

Appointment  clerk,  duties 

Arlington  Experimental  Farm,  etc.,  Plant  Industry,  work 

Arnold,  J.  H.,  scientific  assistant,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry . 18 

Jos.  A.,  editor  and  chief,  Publications  Division;  member  advisory 

printing  committee - 41, 52 

Artley,  H.  B.,  draftsman,  drainage  investigations,  Experiment  Stations 50 

Assistant  Secretary,  duties 

Auditing  Section,  Accounts  Division,  work 41 

Aune,  Beyer,  farm  superintendent,  western  agriculture  work,  Plant  Industry.         19 

Babcock,  F.  R.,  assistant,  grain  investigations.  Plant  Industry 17 

Bacon,  C.  B.,  assistant,  contracts  laboratory,  Chemistry. 29 

Charles  W. ,  assistant  physiologist,  tobacco  investigations,  Plant  Industry  17 

R.  F.,  assistant,  Foods  Division,  Chemistry. 26 

Bacteriological  Chemistry  Section,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work 

Bailey,  Clyde  H.,  assistant,  grain  standardization,  Plant  Industry 16 

H.  S.,  chief,  oil,  fat,"and  wax  laboratory,  Chemistry 26 

53 


54  ORGANIZATION   OF  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE,  1911. 

Page. 

Bailey,  L.  H.,  assistant,  contracts  laboratory,  Chemistry 29 

Bain,  S.  M.,  collaborator,  crop  plant  acclimatization.  Plant  Industry 16 

Balcom,  R.  W.,  chief,  inspection  laboratory,  Nashville,  Chemistry  Bureau 26 

Ball,  C.  R.,  a<rr:momist,  train  investigations,  Plant  Industry " 17 

-i. mi  in  farm  accounting,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry...  18 

Ballard,  W.  S.,  assistant  pathologist,  Plant  Industry 15 

Barber,  Kate  <  •                 i ,  microchemical  laboratory,  Chemistry 30 

T.  C.,  assistant,  rice  and  sugar-cane  insect  investigation,  Entomology. .  34 

Bark,  Don.  H.,  in  charge,  Idaho  irrigation  investigations.  Experiment  Stations.  49 

Barnes,  Will  C.,  inspector  of  grazing,  grazing  branch,  Forest  Service 23 

Barnett,  Claribel  R.,  librarian,  Department  Library 46 

Barren,  J.  H.,  agent,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 18 

Barrows,  H.  H.,  assistant  office  engineer,  drainage  investigations,  Experiment 

Stations  Office 50 

Bartlett,  H.  H.,  chemical  biologist,  drug-plant  investigations,  Plant  Industry. .  16 

Bassett,  L.  B.,  agent,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 18 

Bates,  C.,  assistant,  bacteriological  chemistry,  Chemistry  Bureau 31 

Baxter,  O.  G.,  drainage  engineer,  Experiment  Stations  Office 50 

Beagles,  Robert  L.,  agent,  Chicp  Garden,  Cal.,  Plant  Industry 20 

Beat,  W.  H.,  chief,  Editorial  Division,  and  assistant  editor,  Experiment  Stations.  47 

Beals,  Edward  A.,  editor  climatological  district  12,  Weather  Bureau 10 

in  charge  of  forecast  district  5;  and  section  director,  Weather 

Bureau,  Portland,  Oreg 9, 10 

Beattie,  J.  H.,  assistant,  fertility  investigations,  Soils 33 

W.  R.,  assistant  horticulturist,  Arlington  Farm,  Plant  Industry 20 

Beckett,  S.  H.,  collaborator  California  irrigation  investigations,  Experiment 

Stations 49 

Beckwith,  Angie  M.,  expert  xylotomist,  fruit-disease  investigations,  Plant  In- 
dustry   15 

Bee  culture,  investigations,  Entomology 39 

Behnke,  Albert  E.,  associate  chief,  Inspection  Division,  Animal  Industry 12 

Beinhart,  E.  G.,  assistant,  tobacco  investigations,  Plant  Industry 17 

Bell,  G.  Arthur,  assistant,  Animal  Husbandry,  Animal  Industry 11 

Belz,  J.  0.,  assistant,  physical  investigations,  Plant  Industry 16 

Bennett,  C.  M.,  scientific  assistant,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 18 

H.  H.,  in  charge  Eastern  Division,  Soil  Survey 33 

R.  L.,  expert,  agricultural  technology,  Plant  Industry 16 

Benson,  O.  H.,  general  agent,  farmers'  demonstration  work,  Plant  Industry. . .  18 

Bentley,  Geo.  A.,  chief,  maintenance  office,  operation  branch,  Forest  Service. .  22 

W.  D.,  State  agent,  farmers'  demonstration  work,  Plant  Industry 

Besley,  H.  J.,  assistant,  grain  standardization,  Plant  Industry 16 

Belts,  H.  S.,  assistant  district  forester,  acquisition  of  lands,  Forest  Service 25 

Bidwell,  G.  L.,  acting  chief,  cattle-food  and  grain  laboratory,  Chemistry  Bureau.  28 
BigeloWj  W.  D.,  assistant  chief,  Chemistry  Bureau,  and  chief,  Foods  'Division, 

Chemistry 25, 26 

Billings,  G.  A.,  assistant  agriculturist,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 18 

Biochemic  Division,  Animal  Industry,  work 11 

Biological  Survey  Bureau,  divisions,  officials,  and  duties 40 

Bisbee,  D.  B.,  chief,  inspection  laboratory,  St.  Louis,  Chemistry  Bureau 26 

Bishopp,  F.  C.,  assistant,  cattle-tick  investigations.  Entomology 34 

Bisset,  Peter,  expert,  foreign  plant  introduction,  Plant  Industry 20 

Bitting,  A.  W.,  special  investigations,  Chemistry 32 

Bixby,  F.  L.,  collaborator,  New  Mexico  irrigation  investigations,  Experiment 

Stations 49 

Black,  Otis  F.,  chemical  biologist,  drug-plant  investigations,  Plant  Industry. .  16 

Blair,  Fred.  J.,  in  charge,  Crop  Reports  Division,  Statistics 44 

R.  E. .agent,  western  agricultural  extension,  Plant  Industry 19 

Blanchard,  E.  B.,  acting  chief,  inspection  laboratory,  Honolulu,  Chemistry 

Bureau i?6 

H.  F.,  assistant  agronomist,  grain  investigations,  Plant  Industry. .  17 

Bliss,  George  S.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Philadelphia.  Pa 10 

Blohm,  J.  E.,  special  agent,  tobacco  investigations,  Plant  Industry 

Boerner,  E.  6.,  assistant,  grain  standardization,  Plant  Industry 16 

Bookkeeping  Section,  Accounts,  work 41 

Bonsteel,  J.  A.,  in  charge,  use  of  soils,  Soil  Survey 33 

Boughton,  E.  W.,  assistant,  contracts  laboratory,  Chemistry 29 

Bower,  J.  H.,  assistant,  contracts  laboratory,  Chemistry 29 


INDEX.  55 

Page. 

Boyer,  E.  A.,  chief  inspector,  branch  meat-inspection  laboratory,  Animal  In- 
dustry   11 

Boyle,  C.  W.,  assistant,  in  charge  contract  work,  etc.,  Solicitor's  Office 

H.  H.,  assistant,  crop  physiology  and  breeding,  Plant  Industry 15 

M.,  assistant,  food  inspection  laboratory,  Chemistry 26 

Brackett,  G.  B.,  pomologist  in  charge,  pomqlogical  collections,  Plant  Industry.  19 

Bradford,  H.  T.,  special  field  agent,  Statistics 44 

Brand,  Charles  J.,  physiologist,  agricultural  technology.  Plant  Industry 16 

Brandenburg,  Frederick  H.,  in  charge  of  forecast  district  3;  section  director, 

Weather  Bureau,  Denver,  Colo.;  and  editor  climatological  district  9 9,10 

Breazeale,  J.  F.,  assistant,  plant  physiological  chemistry,  Chemistry  Bureau..  32 

Briggs,  Lyman  J.,  physicist  in  charge,  physical  investigations,  Plant  Industry.  16 

Brinton,  C.  S.,  chief,  inspection  laboratory,  Philadelphia,  Chemistry  Bureau.  26 

Brodie,  D .  A. ,  agriculturist,  farm  management.  Plant  Industry 18 

Bronson,  D.  D.,  general  inspector,  Forest  Service 21 

Broomell,  A.  W.,  assistant,  food  technology  laboratory,  Chemistry 26 

Brown,  B.  E.,  assistant,  fertility  investigations,  Soils 33 

C.  F.,  engineer,  drainage  investigations,  Experiment  Stations 50 

D.  E.,  assistant,  tobacco  investigations,  Plant  Industry 17 

Edgar,  botanist  in  charge  of  seed-testing  laboratories,  Plant  Industry.  16 
Ernest  B.,  assistant  physiologist,  corn  investigations,  Plant  Industry.  17 
Nellie  A.,  scientific  assistant,  plant  pathology  laboratory,  Plant  In- 
dustry   -  -  - 14 

Brunner,  Joseph,  assistant,  forest  insect  investigations,  Entomology 

Bryan,  A.  H.,  chief,  sugar  laboratory,  Chemistry  Bureau 30 

H.,  assistant,  laboratories,  Soils 33 

Mary  K. ,  scientific  assistant,  plant  pathology  laboratory,  Plant  Industry .  14 

Buchbinder,  H.  E.,  assistant,  Drugs  Division,  Chemistry 

Bucher,  F.  S.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 

Buckley,  J.  S.,  incharge,  blackleg  investigations,  Animal  Industry.... 13 

Buildings,  Department  of  Agriculture,  committee,  members  and  duties 51 

Bunnemeyer,  Bernard,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Houston,  Tex.,  and 

editor  climatological  district  8 10 

Bunzel,  H.  H.,  biologist,  drug-plant  investigations,  Plant  Industry 

Burke,  H.  E.,  assistant,  forest  insect  investigations,  Entomology 

R.  T.  Avon,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 33 

Burmeister,  C.  A.,  assistant,  dry-land,  agriculture  work,  Plant  Industry 

Burnet,  W.  C.,  chief,  inspection  laboratory,  Savannah,  Chemistry  Bureau 26 

Burnett,  L.  C.,  agent,  grain  investigations,  Plant  Industry 17 

Burr,  W.  W.,  assistant,  dry-land  agriculture  work,  Plant  Industry 

Burritt,  M.  C.,  scientific  assistant,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 

Burrows,  T.  K.,  assistant  editor,  Publications 42 

Butler,  Ovid  M.,  assistant  district  forester,  Acquisition  of  lands,  Forest  Service. 

Butterfield,  E.  C.,  assistant  horticulturist,  Arlington  Farm,  Plant  Industry 20 

Byers,  W.  C.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 33 

Byrnes,  E.  M.,  assistant  in  charge,  experimental  gardens  and  grounds,  Plant 
Industry 

Calvert,  Edgar  B.,  assistant  chief,  in  charge  Weather  Bureau  branch,  Accounts 

and  Disbursements - 8-9>  40 

Cameron,  Frank  K. ,  scientist  in  charge  laboratories,  Soils .-••;••        ^3 

Campbell,  H.  C.,  in  charge,  cooperative  experiments  with  Pennsylvania  live 

stock  sanitary  board,  Animal  Industry 

W.  G.,  chief  inspector,  Chemistry  Bureau 26 

Cantrell,  L.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 33 

Cardon,  P.  V.,  agent,  grain  investigations,  Plant  Industry 

Carleton,  Mark  Alfred,  cerealist  in  charge,  grain  investigations,  Plant  Industry. 

Carpenter,  Alma  L. ,  scientific  assistant,  seed  testing,  Plant  Industry 17 

J.  L.,  assistant,  laboratories,  Soils 33 

Carr,  M.  E. ,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 33 

Ralph  J.,  assistant,  Animal  Husbandry 

Carroll,  Cnarles  C.,  chief  clerk,  Animal  Industry 10 

Daniel  J.,  chief  clerk  'and  executive  assistant,  Weather  Bureau 5 

W.  P.,  assistant,  grain  standardization,  Plant  Industry 

Carter,  W.  T.,  jr.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 

Caruthers,  R.  P.,  scientific  assistant,  Arlington  Farm,  Plant  Industry 20 

Cashier's  Section,  Accounts  Division,  work 40 


56  ORGANIZATION    <>F    DKPAKTMKXT   <>F   AGRICULTURE,  1911. 


Catee,  J.  S.,  ansi-tant  agriculturist,  farm  management,  Plant   Industry  ........  18 

Cattle-food  and  grain  Mbontory,   Miscellaneous   Pivi-imi.  (  hemiMry   Bureau, 
work  ......................  .  .................  .......  ."  ......... 

1,  George  II..  district  forester.  Fore.-t  Service.  Portland.  «  >n-j  ............  L'l 

M  .  a-si-iani  chief.    |-\MN|-   l>i\i-i»n.  <  'hemiMry    I'.tireaii,  and  chief. 

food  technology  laboratory,  <  'hemi.-try  ................  ".  .......  L'ii 

Chambers  W.  I-',..  expert.  agricultural  technology,  Plant  Industry  ............  hi 

Cham  Mis.--.  C.  K.,  agronomist,  .irrain  inve-iination-,  I'lani  Industry  ............  17 

Mplm.  M..  -cieniific  assistant,  -jrain  in\  e-  libations.  Plant  Indu-try  ........  17 

Cliajiin.  K.  M.,  in  charge  of  inve-iiLr.iiioti-  of  -tock  dip-.  Animal  Indu-ir\      ....  II 

Cliai-pel,  (ie.mje  M..  section  director,  \\'ealher  Bureau,  Pes  Moii,.  .md 

editor,  climatologiral  district  5  ...........................................  10 

Charles  \                     leiitilic  a<-i.-lant.  patho  logical  collections.  Plant    Industry.  14 

cha.-e.  Airnes.  scientitic  assistant.  taxonomic  investigations,  Plant  Industry...  18 
Chemistry  P.ureau.   Pivi-ion-.  officials.  work  .......... 

:iut.'\'.  K.,  assistant.  Prut's  Pivision,  Chemi-try  ...........  28 

Chief  clerk,  Agriculture  Pe|)artment.  duties  ................................  2 

Chilcnit,    K.   <  '..   airriculluri^t    in   char-je,   dry-land  agriculture  investigations, 

Plant  Industry  ................  1  ..............................  18 

K    !•'..  as-i-tant,  dry-land  agriculture  w<prk.  Plant  Industry  .........  1!> 

Chittenden,  A.  K..  fnre-t  insjtectur.  ac.|uisitinn  of  land-.  l-'..re-t  Service  ........  24 

!•'.  11..  in  change,  truck-crop  insect  investigations,  Knt^unology  ____  36 

Russell  II..  memlier  referee  t)c,;(rd  c'.ii-uliiii'j  .-cientili'                     ..  51 

Chubbuck,  Levi.  expert,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry  ................  18 

Church,  (  '.  G.,  assistant.  Miuar  laboratory,  and  special  investigations,  (  'hem  i-  try.  31,32 

John  P.,  chief.   Publications  Pivision,  Weather  I'ureau  ..............  8 

Lillian,  assistant    in   farm  accounting,  farm  management.   Plant   In- 

dustry .........................................................  18 

Verne  II..  section  director,  Weather  Uureau,  Indianapolis,  Ind  ......  9 

(  'hyuowith,  H.  E.,  member  crop  reporting  board,  Statistics  ................. 

Claims  office,  lands  branch,  Forest  Service,  work  ............................ 

Clapp,  Earle  H.,  forest  inspector,  silviculture  branch,  Forest  Service  ..........  23 

Clark,  C.  C.,  chief  clerk  of  Depa^rrent;  member  of  building  committee;  mem- 

ber of  personnel  committee  ..........................................  2,  51 

C.  F.,  scientific  assistant,  cotton  and  truck  diseases,  Plant  Indu'rtry  ----  15 

C.  H.,  expert,  crop  plant  acclimatization,  Plant  Industry  .............  16 

C.  W.,  assistant,  Foods  Division,  Chemistry  ..............  .  .............  26 

S.  C.,  assistant,  nutrition  laboratory,  Experiment  Stations  ............  49 

W.  B.,  chemist,  cotton  and  truck  diseases,  Plant  Industry  ..............  15 

Clarke,  H.  H.,  law  officer  in  field,  Forest  Service  ............................ 

Clawson,  A.  B.,  physiologist,  drug-plant  investigations,  Plant  Industry  ........  16 

Cleary,  Francis  J.  P.,  assistant  in  charge,  publications  distribution,  Publica- 

tions ...................................................................  42 

Clifton,  R.  S.,  executive  assistant,  Entomology  Bureau  ......................  33 

Climatological  Division,  Weather  Bureau,  work  ............................... 

Cline,  Isaac  M.,  in  charge  of  forecast  district;  section  director,  New  Orleans,  La., 

and  editor,  climatological  district  7,  Weather  Bureau  ................  -.  1  '  > 

McGarvey,  in  charge  products  branch,  and  director,  laboratory  prod- 

ucts branch,  Forest  Service  .................................  .  ......  23 

Cobb,  N.  A.,  technologist,  in  charge,  agricultural  technology,  etc.,  Plant  In- 

dustry ...................................................................  16 

Cole,  J.  S.,  expert,  dry-land  agriculture  investigations.  Plant  Industry  ........  19 

Colleges,  relations  with  Experiment  Stations  Office,  work  ...........  .  ........  48 

Collins,  G.  N.,  botanist,  crop  plant  acclimatization,  Plant  Industry  ............ 

W.  D.,  assistant,  water  laboratory,  Miscellaneous  Division,  Chemist  ry  28 
Cone,   V.   M.,   collaborator,   Colorado  irrigation  investigations,    Ex]>eriment 

Stations  ................................................................  49 

Conger,  Norman  B.,  inspector,  Weather  Bureau  ..............................  9 

Congressional  seed  distribution,  Plant  Industry,  work  ........................  20 

Conner,  A.  B.,  scientific  assistant,  forage  crop  work,  Plant  Industry  ........... 

Connor,  L.  G.,  expert,  farm  management.  Plant  Industry  .....................  18 

Contract  work,  management  ................................................ 

Contracts  lalxiratory,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work  ................................  28-29 

Cook,  F.  C.,  assistant,  animal  phypiological  chemistry.  Chemistry  Bureau  ____  31 

O.  F..  hioimmist.  in  charge  crop-plant  acclimatization,  etc.,  Plant  In- 

dustry ...........................................................  15 

Cooper,  S.  W..  engineer,  drainage  investigations,  Experiment  Stations  ........  50 


INDEX.  57 

Page. 

Cooperation,  State,  silviculture  branch,  Forest  Service,  work 23 

Corbett,  L.  C.,  horticulturist  in  charge,  Arlington  Farm,  Plant  Industry! '.  19 

Corn  investigations,  Plant  Industry,  work 17 

Cornman,  Ephraim,  as.-istant  editor,  Publications  Division... .......  42 

Cory,  V.  L.,  scientific  assistant,  grain  investigations,  Plant  Industry..!  17 

Cotton  breeding,  etc. ,  Plant  Industry,  work "  15_16 

diseases,  Plant  Industry,  work 

J.  S.,  assistant  agriculturist,  farm  management.  Plant  Industry. . 

standardization,  etc.,  Plant  Industry,  work 16 

W.  E.,  assistant  superintendent,  Experiment  Station,  Animal  industry!  14 

Cousins,  A.  H.,  fiscal  agent,  Forest  Service,  Portland,  Oreg 40 

Coville,  Frederick  V.,  botanist  in  charge  taxonomic  and  range  investigations, 

Plant  Industry 13 

Cownie,  John,  member  crop  reporting  board,  Statistics 44 

Cox,  H.  R. ,  scientific  assistant,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 18 

Henry  J.,  in  charge  of  forecast  district  1;  and  editor,  climatological  dis- 
trict 4,  Weather  Bureau 9?  10 

J.  H. ,  assistant,  grain  standardization,  Plant  Industry '  16 

W.  P. ,  in  charge  of  records,  Plant  Industry 14 

Crabb,  George  A.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 33 

Craft,  Q.  R.,  fiscal  agent,  Forest  Service,  Ogden,  Utah !.!!!!  40 

Crawford,  G.  H.,  jr.,  expert,  field  investigations  in  pomology,  Plant  Industry. .  19 

Crawley,  Howard,  junior  zoologist,  Animal  Industry 13 

Cron,  A.  B.,  scientific  assistant,  forage  crop  investigations,  Plant  Industry 17 

Cronin,  P.  D.,  assistant  in  charge,  enforcement  of  insecticide  act,  Solicitor's 

Office 4 

Crop  physiology  investigations,  Plant  Industry,  work 15 

plants,  acclimatization  and  adaptation,  etc.,  Plant  Industry,  work 15-16 

reporting  board,  Statistics,  membership  and  duties 43 

reports,  Domestic  Division,  Statistics,  work 44 

Crosby,  D.  J.,  specialist  in  agricultural  education,  and  assistant  editor,  Exper- 
iment Stations 47, 48 

M.  A.,  assistant  agriculturist,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry '  18 

Cunningham,  J.  S.,  expert,  tobacco  investigations,  Plant  Industry 17 

Currie,  Rolla  P.,  in  charge,  editorial  work,  Entomology 33 

Cushman,  R.  A.,  assistant,  parasite  laboratory,  Entomology 36 

Dairy  Division,  Animal  Industry,  work 12 

laboratory,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work 29 

Darg,  J.  J.,  special  field  agent,  Statistics ^ 44 

Darrow,  George  M.,  scientific  assistant,  field  work  in  pomology,  Plant  Industry.  19 
Daugherty,  Charles  M.,  scientist  in  charge,  Research  and  Reference  Division, 

Statistics 46 

Davis,  R.  0.  E.,  assistant,  laboratories,  Soils !  33 

Dawson,  E.  M.,  jr.,  assistant,  contracts  laboratory,  Chemistry 29 

Day,  L.  Enos,  in  charge  branch  pathological  laboratory,  Chicago,  111.,  Animal 

Industry 13 

P.  C.,  in  charge,  Climatological  Division,  Weather  Bureau 7 

Dearing,  Charles,  scientific  assistant,  field  work  in  pomology,  Plant  Industry. .  19 

Dechant,  H.  P.,  law  officer  in  field,  Forest  Service 5 

Demonstration  work,  farmers'  cooperative,  Plant  Industry 18 

Dendrology  branch,  Forest  Service,  work " 21 

Dennis,  S.  J.,  expert,  field  investigations  in  pomology,  Plant  Industry 19 

Denson,  Lee  A.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Raleigh,  N.  C 10 

Derr,  H.  B.,  agronomist,  grain  investigations,  Plant  Industry 17 

Dewey,  L.  H., botanist,  agricultural  technology,  Plant  Industry 16 

Dillman,  A.  C.,  assistant  physiologist,  alkali  plant-breeding  work,  Plant  Indus- 
try   18 

Disbursements  Division.     See  Accounts  and  Disbursements  Division. 

Doane,  D.  H.,  scientific  assistant,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 18 

Dodge,  C.  0.,  assistant,  food  technology  laboratory,  Chemistry 26 

L.  G.,  assistant  agriculturist,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 18 

Donk,  M.  G.,  assistant,  leather  and  paper  laboratory,  Chemistry 30 

Doolittle,  R.  E.,  chief,  inspection  laboratory,  New  York,  Chemistry  Bureau..  26 
Dorset,  Marion,  chief,  Bipchemic  Division,  Animal  Industry;  chairman  insec- 
ticide and  fungicide  board 11, 52 

P.  H.,  expert,  foreign  plant  introduction,  Plant  Industry '  20 


58  ORGANIZATION   OF  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE,  1911. 

Page. 

Downes,  M.  A.,  assistant,  crop  physiology  and  breeding,  Plant  Industry I  "> 

I >' >yle,  A.  M.,  assistant,  food  inspection  laboratory,  Chemistry L'»> 

0.  B.,  scientific  assistant,  crop  plant  acclimuii/.iif  i«M,  Plant  Industry. . .  1C 

Emma  S.,  scientific  assistant,  seed  testing,  1'huit  ImhiHtry 17 

Drainage  investigations,  Experiment  Stations  Office,  work 49-50 

Drake,  J.  H.,  assistant  agriculturist ,  farm  in:ui.i^fiiu-iit,  Plant  Industry 18 

Draper,  A.  E.,  librarian,  Chemistry  llureau 25 

Drought-resistant  plant-bmHlin^  investigations,  etc.,  Plant  Industry,  work 17-18 

Drug  and  Food  Inspection  Board,  members  and  duties 51 

Inspection  laboratory,  Drugs  Division,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work 27 

Drug-plant  investigations,  etc.,  Plant  Industry,  work 16 

Drugs  Division,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work L' 

Drummond,  Bruce,  assistant,  crop  physiology  and  breeding,  Plant  Industry 15 

Dry-land  agriculture  investigations,  riant  Industry,  work ...   18-19 

DuBois,  Coert,  acting  district  forester,  Forest  Service,  San  Francisco,  Cal 24 

W.  L.,  chief,  inspection  laboratory,  Buffalo,  Chemistry  Bureau 26 

Duffy,  J.  J.,  fiscal  agent,  Forest  Service,  Albuquerque,  N.  Mex 40 

Dunbar,  P.  B.,  assistant,  Foods  Division,  Chemistry 

Duncan,  W.  C.,  crop  reporting  board,  Statistics 44 

Dun  lap,  F.  L.,  associate  chemist,  Chemistry  Bureau;  member  food  and  drug 

inspection  board 25, 51 

Duval,  Laurel,  assistant,  grain  standardization,  Plant  Industry 16 

Duvel,  J.  W.  T.,  technologist  in  charge,  grain  standardization,  Plant  Industry.  16 

Dyer,  D.  C.,  assistant,  water  laboratory,  Miscellaneous  Division,  Chemistry. . .  28 

Earle,  D.  E.,  expert,  agricultural  technology,  Plant  Industry 16 

Eaton,  E.G.,  assistant,  Drugs  Division,  Chemistry 28 

Eckmeim,  E.  C.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 33 

Editor  j  office,  Forest  Service,  work 21 

Editorial  Division,  Experiment  Stations  Office,  work 47 

office,  Animal  Industry  Bureau,  work 14 

Edmonston,  W.  D.,  assistant,  forest  insect  investigations,  Entomology 38 

Edson,  H.  A.  .physiologist,  cotton  and  truck  diseases,  Plant  Industry 15 

Edwards,  R.  W.,  assistant,  dry-land  agriculture  work,  Plant  Industry 19 

Eggleston,  W.  W.,  assistant  botanist,  drug-plant  investigations,  Plant  Industry.  16 

Eichorn,  Adolph,  in  charge  field  investigations,  Animal  Industry 13 

Elliott,  C.  G.,  chief,    drainage  investigations;  and  chief  drainage  engineer, 

Experiment  Stations  Office 49, 50 

Emery,  J.  A.,  in  charge  research  work  on  meat  products,  Animal  Industry 11 

W.  O.,  chief,  synthetic  products  laboratory,  Chemistry 27 

Emmerson,  F.  V.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 33 

English,  W.  L.,  general  agent,  farmers'  demonstration  work,  Plant  Industry..  18 

Enological  Technology  Section,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work 31 

Entomology  Bureau,  divisions,  officials,  and  duties 33 

Eoff ,  J.  R.,  jr.,  assistant,  eno logical  technology,  Chemistry 31 

Essential  oils  laboratory,  Drugs  Division,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work 27 

Estabrook,  Leon,  executive  assistant,  congressional  seed  distribution,  Plant 

Industry 20 

Evans,  Edward  A.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Richmond,  Va 10 

De  Lancey,  special  field  agent,  Statistics 44 

J.  A.,  general  agent,  farmers'  demonstration  work,  Plant  Industry 18 

M.  W.,  scientific  assistant,  forage-crop  work,  Plant  Industry 17 

W.  H.,  assistant  editor,  Experiment  Stations 47 

Walter  H.,  chief,  Insular  Division,  Experiment  Stations 47 

Experiment  Station,  Animal  Industry,  work 14 

Stations  Office,  divisions,  officials,  work 46-50 

Experimental  gardens  and  grounds,  Plant  Industry,  work 19 

Fagan,  M.  E.,  chief,  accounts  and  disbursements,  Forest  Service  Branch  Accounts 

Division 21, 40 

Failyer,  G.  H.,  assistant,  laboratories,  Soils 33 

Fairchild,  David,  agricultural  explorer,  in   charge,  foreign  seed  and  plant 

introduction,  Plant  Industry 20 

Farm  management,  investigations,  Plant  Industry,  work 18 

Farmers'  cooperative  demonstration  work,  Plant  Industry 18 

institutes,  relations  with  Experiment  Stations  Office,  work 48-49 

Farrington,  A.  M.,  assistant  chief,  Animal  Industry 10 

Fassig,  Oliver  L.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  San  Juan,  Porto  Rico. .  . .  100 


INDEX.  59 

Page. 

Fawcett,  Edna  H.,  scientific  assistant,  soil  bacteriology,  Plant  Industry 15 

G.  L.,  plant  pathologist,  Porto  Rico  Experiment  Station 48 

Feagans,  R.  F.,  law  officer  in  field,  Forest  Service 5 

Fegan,  H.  J.,  assistant  in  charge  general  office  administration,  etc.,  Solicitor's 

Office 3 

Feldstein,  L.,  assistant,  contracts  laboratory,  Chemistry 29 

Fenn,  Homer  E.,  assistant  district  forester,  aquisition  of  lands,  Forest  Service  . .  25 

Fertility  investigations,  Soils  Bureau,  work 33 

Fessenden,  S.  D.,  special  field  agent,  Statistics 44 

Fetzer,  L.  W.,  assistant  editor,  Experiment  Stations 47 

Field,  Ethel  C.,  scientific  assistant,  cotton  and  truck  diseases,  Plant  Industry.  15 

investigations  in  pomology,  Plant  Industry 19 

Fisher,  A.  K.,  in  charge  of  birds  and  mammals  in  agriculture,  Biological  Survey.  40 

Fiske,  W.  F.,  assistant,  parasite  laboratory,  Entomology 39 

Fitts,  Harrison  F.,  in  charge  Stenographic  Section,  Solicitor's  Office 4 

Fletcher,  C.  C.,  assistant,  laboratories,  Soils 33 

W.  F.,  scientific  assistant,  field  work  in  pomology,  Plant  Industry..  19 
Flocken,  Charles  F.,  in  charge  cooperative  experiments  with  Minnesota  Sta- 
tion, Animal  Industry 13 

Flory,  C.  H.,  assistant  district  forester,  acquisition  of  lands,  Forest  Service 24 

Food  and  Drugs  Act,  enforcement,  Chemistry  Bureau 26 

Solicitor's  Office 4 

inspection  board,  members  and  duties 51 

inspection  laboratory,  Foods  Division,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work 26 

research  laboratory,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work * 29 

technology  laboratory,  Foods  Division,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work 26 

Foods  Division,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work 26 

Forage  crop  investigations,  Plant  Industry,  work 17 

Forbes,  E.  E.,  auditor,  in  charge,  freight  and  transportation  section,  Accounts. .  41 

Forecast  section,  Observations  Division,  Weather  Bureau,  work 6 

Forest  insect  investigations,  Entomology 37 

management  in  East,  silviculture  branch,  Forest  Service,  work. 23 

pathology  investigations,  Plant  Industry,  work 15 

Service,  divisions,  officials,  work 20-25 

law  work,  administration 3 

section,  Accounts  Division,  work 40 

Formad,  Robert  J.,  assistant  in  animal  pathology,  Animal  Industry 13 

Fortier,  Samuel,  chief,  irrigation  investigations,  Experiment  Stations  Office..  49 

Foster,  W.  D.,  junior  zoologist,  Animal  Industry 13 

Foubert,  Charles  L.,  scientific  assistant,  tobacco  investigations,  Plant  Industry.  17 

Fox,  P.  J.,  assistant,  water  laboratory,  Miscellaneous  Division,  Chemistry 28 

Frankenfield,  Harry  C.,  in  charge  River  and  Flood  Division,  Weather  Bureau.  7 

Franklin,  Blake,  law  officer  in  field,  Forest  Service t 5 

Frederick,  H.  J.,  in  charge  cooperative  experiments  with  Utah  Station,  Animal 

Industry 13 

Free,  E.  E.,  assistant,  laboratories,  Soils 33 

Freight  transportation  section,  Accounts  Division,  work 41 

Froley,  J.  W.,  assistant  agriculturist,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 18 

Fruit-disease  investigations,  Plant  Industry,  work 14-15 

Fuchs,  W.  R.,  in  charge,  miscellaneous  section,  Accounts 41 

Fulkerson,  Vincent,  agent,  western  agricultural  extension,  Plant  Industry 19 

Fullaway,  D.  T.,  entomologist,  Hawaii  Experiment  Station 48 

Fuller,  H.  C. ,  assistant,  Drugs  Division,  Chemistry 28 

P.  E.,  in  charge  Arizona  irrigation  and  power  investigations,  Experi- 
ment Stations 49 

Fungicide  and  insecticide  board,  members  and  duties 52 

laboratory,  Miscellaneous  Division,  Chemistry  Bu- 
reau, work 28 

Galloway,  Beverly  T.,  physiologist  and  pathologist;  and  chief,  Plant  Industry  .  14 

Gardens  and  grounds,  experimental,  Plant  Industry,  work 19 

Gardiner,  R.  F.,  assistant,  laboratories,  Soils 33 

Garner,  W.  W.,  physiologist  in  charge,  tobacco  and  plant  nutrition  investiga- 
tions, Plant  Industry 17 

Garrety,  W.  P.,  assistant,  nutrition  laboratory,  Experiment  Stations 49 

Gasser,  G.  W.,  assistant,  Rampart,  Alaska  Experiment  Station 48 

Gates,  O.  H.,  assistant  in  charge  of  animal  quarantine  acts,  Solicitor's  Office. . .  4 


60          ci;,,.\M/\  i  KIN    OK    DBPAKFMINT   OF  AGRICULTURE,  1911. 

Page. 

\N    J.,  annuitant    Soil  Sur\ey 

•ientry.  I!  ,  Si.ite  a-eni,  fanner.-'  deinon.-tration  wi.rk.  Hunt  Industry |s 

Geography  office,  operation  l>ranch.   Forest  Service,  work..                      1'L' 

1    .  in  charge,  Alaska  F.xpei  mient  -                    is 

a,  Heruy  O..  section  director.  Weather  Bureau,  folumbi     -    <    10 

Giampietro,  A.  W..  aariatant  phymokgiit,  riant  Indu-n               n 

liill>erl.  l>.  1 1.,  assistant.  Soil  Sur\  i-y '. ' 

W.W.,aBeiHtant  pathologist,  cottonand  truck  disea.-es,  1'lant  ln<l  . 

(iilliert.-on,  II.  W.,  au'ent,  farm  management,  1'lani  liulu-n\                             .'. .  lg 

<iil''.  1'    I.  .  -'heimst.  Porto  Itico  Kxperiment  Stall-                       .}s 

<  lal  lieid  a-ent.  Statistics .jj 

Given,  A.^  assistant,  sugar  laboratory,  Chemistry '.  :\\ 

Glasson,  E.  J.,  assistant  editor.  Experiment  Statioi  t: 

Glenn.  Samuel  W.,  section  <lirc<-tnr.  \Vi-atln-r  I'.un-an.  Hiir«.n.  S.  Dak Hi 

Ooldbeck,  All>.-rt  T.,  testing  eneinccr.  l'ul)li.    i;,,a.l-  (ii;                50 

Goll,  !•'.  L..  lalx)ratory  aid,  soil  bacteriology,  Plant  Industry 

<;«>min«-.  \V.  H.  F.,  expert,  plant  introdiK-t'ion,  Plant  Industry 

Goodman,  A.  L.,  awi.-tani.  Soil  Survey 

Goodnow,  E.  H.,  assistant,  food  impectkn  laboratory.  ( 'lu'inistry L'». 

Goodrich,  C.  E.,  assistant,  i-attlr-f.Mxl  and  gniin  laboratonr,  <'li«'iiii--try 28 

('.   I,.,  a^ririiltiirist.  farm  raana'_"'ini-nt.  I'lant   rndii.-try  .  .  ." 18 

Gordon.  John,  irrigation  farmer.  l-'.x|i.-riin.-ni  Station-  Dili,-,- ' 49 

<iorc,   II.   ('..  as>istant.   Foods   Division,  and  in  charp«  ,d    .-tmlii-s  on 

fruits  and  fruit  ]>n.ducts.  ( 'licmistry -J6  27 

Goas,  W.  L.\  8ri<-ntifir  assi.-tant.  scc<l  testing,  Plant  Industry 17 

Qoucher,  Kdwani,  expert.,  j)lant  introduction.  Plant  Industry L'n 

1  P 

26 


Graham,  A.  E.,  chief  inspector,  branch  meat  inspection  laboratory,  Animal 

Industry 11 

Grain  and  cattle-food  laboratory,  Miscellaneous  Division,  Chemistry  Bureau, 

work " 28 

Grain  investigations.  Plant  Industry,  work 17 

standardization,  Plant  Industry,  work 16 

Grant,  Robert  Q.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Cheyenne,  Wyo 10 

Graves.  Henry  S..  forester.  Forest  Service " ". 20 

Gray.  F    N  .  special  field  agent,  Statistics 44 

Gray  oil  1.  II .  W.,  assistant  zoologist,  Animal  Industry 13 

Grazing  Branch,  Forest  Service,  work 23 

office,  acquisition  of  lands.  Forest  Service,  work 25 

Greathouse,  Charles  H.,  in  charge  indexing,  Publications 42 

Ruth  C.,  assistant,  bacteriological  chemistry,  Chemistry  Bureau  .. 
Greeley.  W.  B..  a-si<tant  f. Tester,  in  charge  silviculture  branch.  Forest  S«TM 

Green,  E.  <'..  pomologist,  south  Texas  garden,  Plant  Industry 20 

L.  H.,  in  charge  lile  room.  Solicitor's  Office ". 4 

Greene,  E.  L..  expert,  taxonomic  investigations.  Plant  Industry 18 

Greenlee,  A.  D.,  assistant,  food  research  lalxiratory,  Chemistry 29 

Gregory,  W.  B.,  collaborator,  Louisiana  and  Texas  irrigatio'n  investi-jai 

Experiment  Stations 49 

Griffiths,  David,  agriculturist,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 18 

Griggs,  W.  D.,  scientific  assistant,  dry-land  agriculture  work,  Plant  Industry. .  19 

Grubb,  N.  H.,  expert,  Arlington  Farm,  Plant  Industry ". . .  20 

Guam  Experiment  Station,  work ' 48 

Hall,  A.  G.,  assistant  engineer,  drainage  investigations,  Experiment  Stations. .  50 

Maurice  ('..  assistant  zoologist,  Animal  Industry 13 

W.  V.  engineer,  drainage  investigations,  K x peri ment  Stations 50 

\\  in.  I,.,  assistant  forester  in  charge,  acquisition  of  lands,  Forest  Service.  24 

Hallsted.  A .  L.,  assistant,  dry-land  agriculture  work,  Plant  Industry 19 

Hamilton.  John,  farmer-'  institute  specialist.  Experiment  Stations 48 

Hammond,  W.  F..  a--i-iant.  Animal  Husbandry 11 

Handy.  It.  P.     ,,--i-tant  editor.  Publications... 42 

Han-en,  Han.  farm  superintendent,  western  agriculture  work.  Plant  Industry.  .  19 

Harden.  Fred  G.,  assistant,  irrigation  inv-tL'ation-.  Experiment  Station-.'...  49 


INDEX.  61 

Page. 
Harding,  S.  T.,  in  charge  Montana  and  North  Dakota  irrigation  investigations, 

Experiment  Stations 49 

William  F.,  assistant  editor,  Publications 

Hardison,  R.  B.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 33 

Hare,  B.  B.,  assistant  editor,  Experiment  Stations 47 

C.  L.,  member  crop  reporting  board,  Statistics 44 

Harlan,  H.  V.,  scientific  assistant,  grain  investigations,  Plant  Industry 

Harrington,  Geo.  T.,  scientific  assistant,  seed  testing,  Plant  Industry 

Harris,  G.  W.,  crop  technologist,  tobacco  investigations,  Plant  Industry 17 

Hart,  B.  R.,  chief,  inspection  laboratory,  Cincinnati,  Chemistry  Bureau 26 

R.  A.,  engineer,  drainage  investigations,  Experiment  Stations 50 

Barter,  L.  L.,  assistant  pathologist,  cotton  and  truck  diseases,  Plant  Industry. .         15 

Hartley,  Carl  P.,  assistant  pathologist,  forest  pathology,  Plant  Industry 

Charles  P.,  physiologist  in  charge,  corn  investigations,  Plant  Industry. 

Hartmann,  B.  G.,  assistant,  enological  technology,  Chemistry . 31 

Haskell,  C.  G.,  in  charge,  rice-irrigation  investigations,  Experiment  Stations..         49 

Hassall,  Albert,  assistant  zoologist,  Animal  Industry 

Hasse,  Clara  H.,  scientific  assistant,  fruit-disease  investigations,  Plant  Industry.  15 
Hasselbring,  Heinrich,  physiologist,  drug-plant  investigations,  Plant  Industry.  16 
Hastings,  S.  H.,  farm  superintendent,  western  agriculture  work,  Plant  Industry.  19 
Haswell,  J.  R.,  assistant  engineer,  drainage  investigations,  Experiment  Stations.  50 
Hatton,  John  H . ,  assistant  district  forester,  acquisition  of  lands,  Forest  Service . .  25 

Hawaii  Experiment  Station,  work 48 

Hawkins,  L.  A.,  scientific  assistant,  fruit-disease  investigations,  Plant  Industry. 

Hawks,  Emma  B.,  assistant  librarian,  Department  Library 46 

Hawley,  A.  M.,  expert,  western  agricultural  extension,  Plant  Industry 

Hayes,  Montrose  W.,  editor  climatological  district  6,  Weather  Bureau 10 

Hays,  Willet  M.,  Assistant  Secretary;  chairman  printing  committee;  member 

personnel  committee,  duties 2, 51,  52 

Haywood,  J.  K.,  chief,  Miscellaneous   Division,  Chemistry  Bureau;  member 

insecticide  and  fungicide  board 28, 52 

Hazen,  L.  E..  assistant,  dry-land  agriculture  work,  Plant  Industry 

Headley,  F.  B.,  assistant  agriculturist,  western  agriculture  work,  Plant  Industry        19 
Roy,  assistant  district  forester,  acquisition  of  lands,  Forest  Service. .         24 

Hearn,  W.  E.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 33 

Hedgcock,  George  G.,  pathologist,  forest  pathology,  Plant  Industry 15 

Hedges,  Florence,  assistant  pathologist,  Plant  Industry 14 

Heiskell,  Henry  L.,  in  charge  Division  of  Observations  and  Reports,  Weather 

Bureau 

Hemphill,  R.  G.,  irrigation  farmer,  Experiment  Stations  Office 49 

Henderson,  W.  C. ,  law  officer  in  field,  Forest  Service 

Hendrix,  B.  M.,  assistant,  nitrogen  section,  Chemistry 32 

Henkel,  Alice,  assistant,  drug-plant  investigations,  Plant  Industry 

Hennis,  Cal  M.,  expert,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 18 

Henry,  Alfred  J.,  in  charge,  Mount  Weather  Meteorological  Research  Observa- 
tory, Weather  Bureau 

Henshaw,  Henry  W.,  chief.  Biological  Survey 

Hepburn,  J.  S.,  assistant,  food  research  laboratory.  Chemistry 

Herring,  W.  E.,  district  engineer,  Forest  Service,  Portland,  Oreg 24 

Herrmann,  Charles  F.  von,  editor  climatological  district  2;  section  director, 

Weather  Bureau,  Atlanta,  Ga ' 2,  9, 10 

Hersey,  Henry  B.,  inspector,  Weather  Bureau;  section  director,  Milwaukee, 

Wis  . ........ 9,10 

Hickman,  Richard  W.,  Chief,  Quarantine  Division,  Animal  Industry,  work. 

Hidinger,  L.  L.,  engineer,  drainage  investigations,  Experiment  Stations 

Higgins,  A.  L.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 33 

J.  E. ,  horticulturist,  Hawaii  Experiment  Station 

High,  M.  M. ,  assistant,  truck-crop  insect  investigations,  Entomology 37 

Hill,  Geo.  Wm.,  assistant  editor,  Publications 

Hillyer,  Wm.  E.,  assistant,  food  inspection  laboratory,  Chemistry 

Hillman,  F.  H.,  assistant,  botanist,  seed-testing,  Plant  Industry 

Hiltner,  R.  S.,  chief,  inspection  laboratory,  Denver,  Chemistry  Bureau 26 

Hitchcock,  A.  S.,  systematic  agrostologist,  taxonomic  investigations,  Plant  In- 
dustry   

Hite,  B'ertha,  C.,  scientific  assistant,  seed-testing,  Plant  Industry 

Hitt,  A.  F.,  special  field  agent,  Statistics 44 


62  ORGANIZATION   OF   DEPARTMENT  OF   AGRICULTURE,  lull. 

Page. 

Hoke,  C.  E.,  scientific  assistant,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry- 1  * 

Holman,  H.  P.,  assistant,  leather  :m.l  paper  laboratory,  i  heim-try 30 

Holmes,  George  K.,  member  crop  reporting  board;  sci'entist  in  charge,  Prod  IK 
tion  Division,  Statistics 

L.  C.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey. .  

H"lt,  V.  G.,  assistant  in  horticulture,  Hawaii  Experiment  Station 48 

Hood,  8.  C.,  scientific  assistant,  drug-plant  investigations,  Plant  Industry..  16 

Hooker,  C.  W.,  assistant,  parasite  lal>oratory,  Entomology 

W.  A.,  assistant  editor,  Experiment  Stations 47 

Hoover,  G.  W.,  chief,  drug  inspection,  laboratory,  Chemistry i'7 

Hopkins,  A.  D.,  in  charge,  forest-insect  investigations,  Entomology 37 

Horticultural  investigations,  etc.,  Plant  Industry,  work 19-20 

Horton,  J.  H.,  orange-thrips  investigation,  Entomology 36 

Houghton,  H.  W.,  assistant,  animal  physiological  chemistry,  Chemistry  Bureau . 

Howard,  B.  J.,  chief,  microchemical  laboratory,  Chemistry  Bureau 30 

L.  O.,  entomologist  and  chief,  Entomology  Bureau 33 

Howe,  Henry  C.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Parkersburg,  W.  Va 10 

Hubbard,  Prevost,  chemist,  Public  RoadsOffice 50 

Huber,  Walter  L.,  district  engineer,  Forest  .Servic •«•.  San  Francisco,  Ca, 24 

Hudson,  C.  R.,  State  agent,  farmers'  demonstration  w<>rK,  Plant  Industry 18 

C.  S.,  chief,  physical  chemistry  laboratory,  Chemistry  Bureau.  !  .  . . .  30 

E.  W.,  assistant,  crop  physiology  and  breeding,  Plant  Industry 15 

Humphrey,  C.  J.,  forest  assistant,  forest  pathology,  Plant  Industry 

Hunn,  C.  J.,  assistant  in  horticulture,  Hawaii  Experiment  Station. 48 

Hunter,  Byron,  agriculturist,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 18 

W.  D.,  in  charge,  insects  affecting  southern  field  crops,  investigai  i 

Entomology 34 

Huntington,  Frank,  editorial  clerk,  irrigation  investigations,  Experiment  Sta- 
tions   49 

Hurst,  L.  A.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 33 

Husmann,  F.  L.,  viticultural  superintendent,  field  work  in  pomology,  Plant 

Industry 19 

G.  C.,  pomologist,  field  investigations  in  pomology,  Plant  Industry.  19 

Hyslop,  James  A.,  assistant,  cereal  and  forage  insect  investigation,  Entomology.  35 

Ingram,  Delia  E.,  scientific  assistant,  forest  pathology,  Plant  Industry 15 

Insecticide  act,  enforcement 4 

and  fungicide  board,  members  and  duties 52 

laboratory,  Miscellaneous  Division,  Chemistry  Bu- 
reau, work 28 

investigations,  Entomology 38 

Insects  affecting  deciduous  fruits,  investigations,  Entomology,  work 35 

ornamental  trees  and  plants,  investigations,  Entomology 38 

southern  field  crops,  investigations,  Entomology 34 

tropical  fruits,  investigations,  Entomology 36 

truck  crops  and  stored  products,  investigations,  Entomology.  36 

animal  parasites,  etc. ,  investigations,  Entomology 38 

cereal  and  forage,  investigations,  Entomology 34 

f  oreign;  introduction,  Entomology 39 

forest,  investigations,  Entomology 37 

relation  to  disease,  work,  Entomology. ..." 38 

Inspection  branch,  Forest  Service,  work 21 

Division,  Animal  Industry,  work 12 

meat,  Animal  Industry,  work 12 

Inspector,  Office  of  chief,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work 26 

Instrument  Division,  Weather  Bureau,  work 7-8 

Insular  Division,  Experiment  Stations,  work 47 

Irish,  J.  P.,  jr.,  farm  superintendent,  western  agriculture  work,  Plant  Industry.  19 

Irrigation  investigations,  Experiment  Stations  Office,  work 49 

Jackson.  A.  M.,  assistant,  fertility  investigations,  Soils 33 

Jacobs,  B.  R.,  assistant,  plant  physiological  chemistry,  Chemistry  Bureau 32 

Jamieson,  Clara  O.,  scientific  assistant,  cotton  and  truck  diseases,  Plant  In- 
dustry   15 

Jayne,  8.  O.,  in  charge,  Washington  irrigation  investigations,  Experiment 

Stations 49 


INDEX.  63 

Page. 

Jeffers,  L.  M. ,  assistant,  grain  standardization,  Plant  Industry 16 

Jenkins,  J.  M. ,  agent,  grain  investigations,  Plant  Industry 17 

M.,  assistant,  food -research  laboratory,  Chemistry 29 

Jenne,  E.  L.,  assistant,  grape-phylloxera  investigation,  Entomology 35 

Jennings,  H.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 33 

Thorp  B.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Topeka,  Kans 10 

Jesunofsky,  Lewis  N.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Phoenix,  Ariz 

Johnson,  B.  D.,  assistant,  dairy  laboratory,  Chemistry 29 

Edward  C.,  pathologist,  grain  investigations,  Plant  Industry 

Fred,  assistant,  grape-insect  investigation,  Entomology 35 

H.  H.,  special  field  agent,  Statistics 44 

J.  M. ,  assistant,  Foods  Division ,  Chemistry. 26 

Jefferson,  member  crop  reporting  board,  Statistics 

Johnston,  F.  A.,  assistant,  truck-crop  insect  investigations,  Entomology 37 

Mrs.  0.  E.,  chief  clerk,  Experiment  Stations  Office 

Jones,  G.  B.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 

J.  W.,  expert,  Arlington  Farm,  Plant  Industry 20 

James  E.,  chief  clerk,  Plant  Industry 14 

Oliver  F.,  executive  clerk,  congressional  seed  distribution,  Plant  In- 
dustry         20 

P.  R. ,  assistant,  pear-thrips  investigation,  Entomology.  -  -  v  • : 35 

Samuel  A.,  assistant  statistician  and  assistant  chief,  Statistics  Bureau; 

member  crop  reporting  board,  Statistics 43, 44 

T.  H.,  assistant,  truck-crop  insect  investigations,  Entomology.... 37 

W  P    assistant  in  charge  of  enforcement  of  food  and  drugs  act,  Solicitor's 

Office 

Judkins,  Levi  A.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Atlantic  City,  N.  J 

Juve,  Oscar,  expert,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 18 

Kearney,  T.  H.,  physiologist  in  charge,  alkali  plant-breeding,  etc.,  Plant  In- 
dustry   17-18 

Kebler,  L.  F.,  chief,  Drugs  Division,  Chemistry  Bureau 

Keister,  J.  T. ,  assistant,  dairy  laboratory,  Chemistry 29 

Keitt,  George  W.,  scientific  assistant,  fruit-disease  investigations,  Plant  In- 
dustry   - •  -        15 

Kellerman,  Karl  F.,  physiologist  in  charge  soil  bacteriology,  etc.,  Plant  In- 
dustry  

Kelly,  E.  O.  G.,  assistant,  cereal  and  forage  insect  investigations,  Entomology..        35 

W.  A.,  engineer,  drainage  investigations,  Experiment  Stations 50 

W.  P. ,  chemist,  Hawaii  Experiment  Station 48 

Kelsey,  Frank  G.,  chief  clerk,  Statistics  Bureau 43 

Kempton,  James,  agent,  crop  plant  acclimatization,  Plant  Industry 

Kennedy,  George  W.,  assistant  editor,  Publications  Division 

Kent,  R.  C.,  assistant,  food-inspection  laboratory,  Chemistry 

Kerr,  John,  assistant  district  forester,  acquisition  of  lands,  Forest  Service 25 

Killebrew,  J.  P.,  special  field  agent,  Statistics 44 

Kinman,  C.  F.,  horticulturist,  Porto  Rico  Experiment  Station 48 

Kinsler,  J.  H.,  agent,  crop  plant  acclimatization,  Plant  Industry 

Kipp,  H.  A.,  drainage  engineer,  Experiment  Stations  Office 50 

Kirk,  Paul  H.,  special  field  agent;  member  crop  reporting  board,  Statistics. . . 

Kirkland,  A.  H.,  assistant,  cereal  and  forage  insect  investigations,  Entomology. .        35 

Knapp,  Bradford,  special  agent  in  charge,  farmers'  cooperative  demonstration 

work,  Plant  Industry : 

J.  B.,  assistant  district  forester,  acquisition  of  lands,  Forest  Service 

Kneipp,  Leon  F.,  assistant  forester,  grazing  branch,  Forest  Service 

Knight,  H.  L.,  assistant  editor,  Experiment  Stations  Office 

Knisely,  A.  L.,  chief,  inspection  laboratory,  Portland,  Chemistry  Bureau 

Knorr,  Fritz,  farm  superintendent,  dry-land  agriculture  work,  Plant  Industry. . 

Kocher,  A.  E.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey. 

Kolbe,  L.  A.,  assistant,  laboratories,  Soils 33 

Krall,  John,  jr.,  irrigation  farmer,  Experiment  Stations  Office 

Kramer,  E.  W.,  district  engineer,  Forest  Service,  Missoula,  Mont 

Kyle,  Curtis  H.,  assistant  physiologist,  corn  investigations,  Plant  Industry 17 

Laboratories,  Chemistry  Bureau,  location,  officials  and  duties 26-3 

food  and  drug  inspection,  Chemistry  Bureau,  location,  officials,  etc. 
Soils  Bureau,  work 


64  ORGANIZATION    OF   DEPARTMKN  I    <H     ACRICULTURK,   li»ll. 


Laboratory,  plant  pathology.  IMant  ln«lu.-try.  work  ..........................  14 

products  branch,  Forest  Ser\  ice.  work  ..... 

Lake,  E.  R.,  scientific  ascist  ant,  pomolo^ical  collection.-.  1'laiit  Industry  .......  H) 

Lamon,  Harr.y  M.,  assistant,  animal  lin-l..iiidr\  .  Animal  In«li:-ir  .                    ...  11 

Lands,  acquisition  under  Weeks  lau  .  Forest  Service,  work  of  office  ............... 

branch,  Forewt  Service,  work  ................................  L'L' 

Lane,  C.  H.,  a-                ricultml  education,  K\pi-mnent  siatj.  ,;  48 
Langworthy,  C.  F.,  expert  in  chunre,  nuiriiinn  investigation!*;  assistant  editor, 
Experiment  stations  .....................................................  -17,49 

Lapham,  J  .  Iv.  in  charge.  central  <li\  i-ion.  Soil  Survey  ...................... 

Ma<-\    II  ..  in  c  haare.  western  division.  Soil  Survey  .................. 

Lathrop,  E.  C.,  assistant,  fertility  investigations.  Soil*  ....................... 

Latimer,  \\'.  .1.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey  ....................................... 

Lauck,  W.  H,.  irrigation  fanner.  Experiment  Stations  Office  ................... 

Law  work,  department,  administration  ......................................  3-5 

Lawaon,  J.  F.,  law  olli<-er  in  field,  Forest  Service  .............................  5 

I.eClerc,J.  A.  .chief,  plant-physiological  Chemistry  Section,  Chemistry  Bureau.  32 

l.i-  l-'ehvre,  C.  Q.|  assistant,  I>riiL'-  I>i\i-ioii.  Chemistry  .......................  82 

I.e  Fevre,  E.,  assistant.  b:'ctcriolo..ri(  al  chemistry.  Chemistry  Bureau  ........... 

Leather  and  paper  laboratory,  <  'hemistry  Bureau,  work  ...................... 

Leavilt,  Clyde,  forest  inspector,  acquisition  of  lands,  Forest  Service  ...........  _1 

e,  !•'.  \V..  in  charge.  Honkkeep.-rs'  Section.  Accounts  ....................  1  1 

I.  eighty.  (  'lyde  K.,  ;ureut.  irrain  investigations.  Plant  Industry  ................  17 

<rd.   1.    T..  laboratory  aid.  soil  l.acteriolrdjy.  Plant  Industry  .............  1") 

-.  K.  B..  scientiiic  a  —  i-iaiit.  field  vvi^rk  in  pomology.  IMant  Industry  ......  lit 

T.ewton,  F.  L.,  assistant  Ixitanist.  cro|>-plant  acclimatization,  Plant  Industry.  16 
Library,  Department,  officials  and  duties  ................................... 

Weather  Bureau,  work  .............................................  8 

Liepsner,  F.  W.,  chief,  inspection  laboratory,  Kansas  City,  Chemistry  Bureau.  J'i 

Linney,  Charles  Iv.  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Sants  Fe,  N.  Mex  ......  10 

T.inton,  F.  B.,  chief  clerk,  Chemistry  Bureau  ............................... 

Long,  D.  D.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey.  .  .......................................  33 

John  H.,  member  referee  board  consulting  scientific  experts  ...........  M 

W.  H.,  assistant  editor,  Experiment  Stations  ..........................  47 

W.  W.,  general  agent,  farmers'  demonstration  work.  Plant  Industry.  ...  18 

Longstreth,  J.  W.,  in  charge,   Kansas  irrigation    investigations,    Kxperiment 

Stations  .................  ...............................................  49 

Loomis,  H.  M.,  chief,  inspection  laboratory,  Seattle,  Chemistry  Bureau  ....... 

Lounsbury,  C.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey  .......................................  33 

Loveland,  George  A.,  section  director.  Weather  Bureau,  Lincoln,  Nebr  .......  10 

Loving.  H.  I  ..  fiscal  agent.  Forest  Service.  1'enver,  Colo  .....................  40 

Lower,  Cyrus  B.,  chief  clerk  of  Supply  I  >i  vision  ............................. 

Lundy,  E.  J.,  crop  reporting  board.  Siaiisncs  ...............................  44 

Lunn,  W.  M.,  assistant,  tobacco  investigations,  Plant  Industry  ...............  17 

Lute.  Anna  M.,  scientific  assistant  ,  seed  testing,  Plant  Industry  ..............  17 

Lynch.  W.  D.,  assistant,  trade-waste  laboratory.  Chemistry  ..................  28 

Mackall,  C.  M.,  assistant,  food  inspection  laboratory,  (hemistry  .............. 

Mahoney,  R.  E.,  irrigation  farmer,  Experiment  Stations  <  M!i<-e  ...............  49 

Maintenance  office,  operation  branch,  Forest  Service,  work  .................. 

Maii'_Miin,  A.  W.,  assistant.  Soil  Survey  ..................................... 

Mann.  Albert,  expert,  agricultural  technology,  Plant  Industry.  :  .............  16 

C.  J.,  assistant.  Soil  Survey  .........  '  ...............  ".  ...............  33 

Roy  I-'.,  expert,  plant  introduction.  Plant  Industry  ...................  20 

C.  \V.,  scientific  assistant,  lield  work  in  pomology.  Plant  Industry  ......  19 

Marbut,  Curtis  F.,  scientist  in  ch;.i'_'e.  -oil  survey.  Soils  Bureau  ..............  M 

Man-hetti,  Erwin  T.,  special  field   a-ei,t.  Statistics  ..........................  44 

Marine  section,  observations  division.  Weather  Bureau,  work  ................  6 

Marlatt,  C.  L.,  entomologist,  and  acting  chief  in  absence  of  chief  of  Kntomoli  ••_'>•  .  :W. 

ten,  R.  D.,  office  engineer,  drainage  investigations.  F.xperiment  Stations 

Of  lice  ...................................................................  50 

Marsh,  C.  Dwight.  plu-i»l,,<_Mst.  driiir-plant  investigations.  Plant   Industry....  h> 

C.    T..    chief    inspector,    branch    meat-inspection    laboratory.    Animal 

Industry  ...............................................  '.  .........  11 

II.  O.,  assistant,  truck-crop  insect  investigations.  Knto;,ioloi:y  ..........  :i7 

Martin.  J.  P.,  district  engineer.  F<.n-t  Service.  Ogden,  t'tah  ......  ."  ..........  24 

O.  B.,  general  agent,  farmers'  demonstration  work.  Plant  Industry  ____  18 


INDEX.  65 

Page. 

Marvin,  Charles  F.,  in  charge,  Instrument  Division,  Weather  Bureau 7 

Mason,  S.  (.'.,  arboriculturist,  crop  physiology  and  breeding,  Plant  Industry..  15 

Mat-hews,  O.  R.,  assistant,  dry-land  agriculture  work,  Plant  Industry 19 

Mathewson,  E.  H.,  crop  technologist,  tobacco  investigations,  Plant  Industry..  17 

May,  D.  W.,  in  charge  Porto  Rico  Experiment  Station 48 

Maynadier,  G.  B.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 33 

McAdam,  Robert,  in  charge  of  renovated  butter  inspection,  Animal  Industry.  12 
McAdie,  Alexander  G.,  in  charge  forecast  district   4;  editor  climatological 

district  11,  Weather  Bureau 9, 10 

McBeth,  I.  G.,  scientific  assistant,  soil  bacteriology,  Plant  Industry 15 

McBryde,   C.   X.,   in  charge  bacteriological  investigations  of  meate,  Animal 

Industry 11 

McCabe,  George  P.,  solicitor  of  Department;  member  personnel  committee,  and 

food  and  drugs  inspection  board 3,51 

McCain,  A.  C.,  assistant  district  forester,  acquisition  of  lands,  Forest  Service..  24 

McCall,  A.  G.,  member  crop  reporting  board,  Statistics 44 

McCaughey,  W.  J.,  assistant,  laboratories,  Soils 33 

McClelland,  C.  K.,  agronomist,  Hawaii  Experiment  Station 48 

T.  B.,  assistant  horticulturist,  Porto  Rico  Experiment  Station 48 

McClure,  H.  B.,  assistant  agriculturist,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 18 

McCrory,  S.  H.,  drainage  engineer,  Experiment  Stations  Office 50 

McCulloch,  Lucia,  scientific   assistant,  plant-pathology  laboratory,  Plant  In- 
dustry    14 

McDonnell,  C.  C.,  chief,  insecticide  and  fungicide  laboratory,  Chemistry  Bureau  28 

McDowell,  J.  C.,  agriculturist,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 18 

McGee,  W.  J.,  chief,  inspection  laboratory.  New  Orleans,  Chemistry  Bureau  . .  26 

McGeorge,  W.  T.,  assistant  chemist,  Hawaii  Experiment  Station 48 

McGowan,  D.  F.,  law  officer  in  field,  Forest  Service 5 

McKay,  A.  W.,  expert,  field  investigations  in  pomology,  Plant  Industry 19 

McKee,  Clyde,  agent,  grain  investigations,  Plant  Industry 17 

Roland,  scientific  assistant,  forage  crop  work,  Plant  Industry 17 

McKenney,  R.  E.  B.,  expert,  pathology  laboratory,  Plant  Industry 14 

McKenzie,  T.  P.,  assistant  district  forester,  acquisition  of  lands,  Forest  Service..  25 

McKinstry,  H.  C.,  assistant,  dry-land  agriculture  work,  Plant  Industry 19 

McLachlan,  A.,  agent,  crop  plant  acclimatization,  Plant  Industry 16 

McLane,  J.  AY.,  laboratory  assistant,  physical  investigations,  Plant  Industry...  16 

McLendon,  W.  E.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 33 

McMurran,  S.  .M.,  expert,  fruit-disease  investigations,  Plant  Industry 15 

McNair,  A.  D.,  scientific  assistant,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 18 

McNeil,  H.  C.,  assistant,  contracts  laboratory,  Chemistry 29 

Meade,  R.  M.,  scientific  assistant,  crop-plant  acclimatization,  Plant  Industry. .  16 

Meat-inspection  law,  enforcement 4 

Meharg,  A.  S.,  State  agent,  farmer's  demonstration  work,  Plant  Industry 18 

Mehlig,  J.  P.,  assistant,  insecticide  laboratory,  Chemistry 28 

Meinecke,  E.  P.,  expert,  forest  pathology.  Plant  Industry 15 

Mell,  Clayton  D.,  assistant  dcndrologist,  Forest  Service 21 

Melvin,  A.  D.,  chief,  Bureau  of  Animal  Industry 10 

Melzar,  E.  A.,  assistant  chief,  accounts    and   disbursements,  Forest   Service 

branch 21,  40 

Mengel,  C.  W.,  assistant  engineer,  drainage  investigations,  Experiment  Stations.  50 

Mercier,  W.  B.,  general  agent,  farmers'  demonstration  work,  Plant  Industry..  18 

Merick,  Lovina,  scientific  assistant,  seed-testing,  Plant  Industry 17 

Merrill,  E.  C.,  assistant,  Drugs  Division,  Chemistry 28 

J.  L.,  assistant,  leather  and  paper  laboratory,  Chemistry 30 

0.  C.,  chief  engineer,  lands  branch,  Forest  Service. 22 

Metcalf,  Haven,  pathologist  in  charge,  forest  pathology  investigations,  Plant 

Industry 15 

Meyer,  A.  H.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 33 

Frank  N.,  agricultural  explorer,  plant  introduction,  Plant  Industry 20 

Microchemical  laboratory,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work 30 

Miles,  G.  F.,  scientific  assistant,  cotton  and  truck  diseases,  Plant  Industry 15 

Miller,  D.  G.,  engineer,  drainage  investigations,  Experiment  Stations 50 

H.  A.,  assistant  agriculturist,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 18 

R.  C.,  assistant,  grain  standardization,  Plant  Industry 18 

Milner,  R.  D.,  assistant,  nutrition  investigations,  Experiment  Stations 49 

Miscellaneous  Division,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work 28 

1525— Cir.  1—11 5 


66  ORGANIZATION    Oi    UKI'AHTMKNT  OF   AGRICULTURE,   1911. 


Page. 

Mitcholl,  Alexander                  M  din-rtor,  \\Vailn-r  Uun-.tu,  Jacksonville,  Kla..          9 
•,-pi-«-ti..n    l.ii..ir.ii,,r>  ,  Si.   Paul,  i  ln-mi.-ir\    Uun-aii 26 

i,    I   ,  sdennfa  asristant,  drug-plant  investigations,  Plant  Industry..        16 

i      i     ,  assistant,  food  inspection  lalmratury,  <  'lit  Miii.- try L'6 

Mohler,  John  K.,rln,M.  Pathological  hm-ion,  Animal  Indu-try  Hureiiu 

Monroe,  (i.  I''-  .  expert,  farm  management,  I  Ma  lit  Indn-lry 

Moonoy,  0.  N.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 

Moore,  A.  H.,  assistant  botanist,  taxonnmie  in  Plant  industry 

•istant,  plant-physiological  chemi.-lry,  <  'lii-iiii  ni 

K    \\    .  avistanl.  laln>rat"i  !'•-.  Soils 

1.  .  USistanl  di-trict.  forester.  ac<|iii.-iiion  of  land1-,  I  .ice 25 

Theodore  T.,  chief,  Telegraph    Division,  Weather  P.ureau 

Willis  L.,  chief,  \\  eat  her  I  tun -an;  member  committee  OB  printing 5,52 

Moorhoiwe,  L.  A.,  agent,  farm  management.  Plant   Industry 18 

Morehouse,  A.  D.,  office  engineer  and  a--i-tani  chief,  drainage  investigations, 

Experiment  Stations  Office 

Morgan,  A.  C.,  assistant,  tobacco-insect  investigations,  Entomology.. 

A.  E.,  engineer,  drainage  investigations,  Experiment  Stations 

F.  P.,  assistant,  Drugs  Division,  Chemistry 

George  L.,  special  field  agent,  Statistics 

W.  J.,  assistant  dairy  laboratory,  Chemistry 

Morrell,  Fred  W.,  assistant  district  forester,  aco^isition  of  lands,  Forest  Service. 

Morris,  E.  L.,  assistant,  grain  standardization,  Tlant  Industry 

Morse,  E.  W.,  assistant  editor,  Experiment  Stations 47 

George  Byron,  in  charge  poultry  diseases,  etc.,  Animal  Industry 

W.  J.,  scientific  assistant,  furaije  crop  work,  Plant  Industry 

Moss,  B.  L.,  State  agent,  farmers'  demonstration  work,  Plant  Industry 

E.  G.,  assistant,  tobacco  investigations,  Plant  Industry 

Moth,  brown-tail,  investigations,  Entomology 

gipsy,  control,  field  work,  Entomology 

Moulton,  L.  T.,  member  crop  reporting  board,  Statistics 

Mowry,  H.  H.,  assistant,  farm  management.  Plant  Industry 

Mudd,  A.  I.,  chief  clerk,  Publications  Division 

Mulford,  F.  L.,  landscape  gardener,  Arlington  Farm,  Plant  Industry 

Murray,  A.  G.,  assistant,  Drugs  Division,  Chemistry 

Nat  C.,  associate  statistician;  member  crop  reporting  board.  Statistics.  43,  44 

Neal,  J.  W.,  assistant,  Fairmont,  Alaska,  Experiment  Station 

Nelson,  E.  K.,  assistant.  Drugs  Division,  Chemistry 

J.  W.,  assistant  district  forester,  acquisition  of  lands,  Forest  Service. . . 

Soil  Survey - 

P.,  assistant,  Guam  Experiment  Station 48 

Nevius,  W.  J.,  cashier  and  chief  clerk,  in  charge,  Cashier's  Section,  Accounts 

Division -  •  • 

Niles,  W.  B.,  in  charge  field  experiments  on  hog  cholera,  Animal  Industry 

Nitrogen  Section,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work '. 

Norcross,  T.  W.,  district  engineer,  Forest  Service,  Denver,  Colo 

Northen,  W.  J.,  member  crop  reporting  board,  Statistics 

Norton,  J.  B.,  physiologist,  cotton  and  truck  diseases,  Plant  Industry- 

Ifunn,  Roscoe,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Nashville,  Tenn 

Nutrition  investigations,  Experiment  Stations  Office,  work 

Oakley,  R.  A.,  assistant  agrostolo^ist,  forage-crop  work,  Plant  Industry. .  17 

Observations  and  Reports  Division,  Weather  Bureau,  work 

Observatory,  Mount  Weather  meteorological  research,  Weather  Bureau,  work  . 

Occupancy  office,  lands  branch,  Forest  Service,  work 

Oil,  fat,  and  wax  laboratory,  Foods  Division,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work 

Oils,  essential,  laboratory,  Drugs  Division,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work 

Okey,  C.  W.,  drainage  engineer,  Experiment  Stations 

Oliver,  George  W.,  expert  propagator,  plant  introduction,  Plant  Industry 20 

Olmsted,  Victor  H.,  Statistician  and  Chief,  Statistics,  and  chairman,  Crop  Re- 
porting Board - 4^ 

Olson,  Otto,  assistant,  tobacco  investigations,  Plant  Industry 

Operation  Branch,  Forest  Service,  work • - 

Orton,  W.  A.,  pathologist  in  charge,  cotton-disease  investigations,  etc.,  Plant 
Industry • 

Oaborn,  W.  M.,  assistant,  dry-land  agriculture  work,  Plant  Industry 


INDEX.  67 

Page. 

Page,  Logan  Waller,  director,  Public  Roads  Office 50 

W.  B. ,  assistant,  laboratories,  Soils 33 

Paine,  H.  S.,  assistant,  physical  chemistry  laboratory,  Chemistry 30 

Palkin,  S.,  assistant,  Dings  Division,  Chemistry 28 

Palmer,  T.  S.,  assistant  chief,  Biological  Survey 40 

Palmore,  J.  I.,  assistant,' food  inspection  laboratory,  Chemistry 26 

Paper  and  leather  laboratory,  Chemistrv  Bureau,  work 29-30 

Paper-plant  investigations,  etc.,  Plant  Industry,  work 16 

Pappe,  T.  F.,  chief,  inspection  laboratory,  Galveston,  Chemistry  Bureau 26 

Parker,  C.  E.,  assistant,  Drugs  Division,  Chemistry 28 

J.  I.,  in  charge  claims  office,  lands  branch,  Forest  Service 22 

W.  B.,  assistant,  truck-crop  insect  investigations,  Entomology 37 

Patents,  department  employees,  prosecution,  work 4 

Paterson,  W.  A . ,  farm  superintendent,  western  agriculture  work,  Plant  Industry .  19 

Pathological  collections  and  inspection  work,  Plant  Industry 14 

Division,  Animal  Industry,  work 13 

Patrick,  G.  E. ,  chief,  dairy  laboratory,  Chemistry  Bureau 29 

Patten,  C.  G.,  expert,  field  investigations  in  pomology,  Plant  Industry 19 

H.  E.,  assistant,  laboratories,  Soils 33 

Patterson,  Flora  W.,  micologist  in  charge,  pathological  collections  and  inspec- 
tion work,  Plant  Industry 14 

Pearce,  Julia  R.,  laboratory  assistant,  physical  laboratory,  Plant  Industry 16 

Peck,  A.  S.,  assistant  district  forester,  acquisition  of  lands,  Forest  Service 24 

Peirce,  Vernon  M.,  chief  engineer,  Public  Roads  Office 50 

Pennington,  M.  E.,  chief,  food  research  laboratory,  Chemistry  Bureau 29 

Personnel  committee,  members  and  duties. 51-52 

Peters,  J.  G.,  chief,  State  cooperation,  silviculture  branch,  Forest  Service 23 

Peterson,  C.  E.,  assistant,  western  agricultural  extension,  Plant  Industry 19 

Pfaender,  M.,  assistant,  dry-land  agriculture  work,  Plant  Industry 19 

Pharmacological  laboratory,  Drugs  Division,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work 27 

Phelps,  J.  K.,  assistant,  Drugs  Division,  Chemistry 28 

Phillips,  E.  F.,  in  charge  bee  culture  investigations,  Entomology 39 

J.  V. ,  drainage  engineer,  Experiment  Stations  Office 50 

\V.  J.,  assistant,  cereal  and  forage  insect  investigation,  Entomology. .  35 

Physical  chemistry  laboratory,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work 30 

investigations,  Plant  Industry,  work 16 

Pickens,  James,  M.,  editor,  Animal  Industry 14 

Pierce,  A.  L.,  editor,  Chemistry  Bureau 25 

H.  C.,  assistant,  food  research  laboratory,  Chemistry 29 

Leslie,  agent,  fruit-disease  investigations,  Plant  Industry 15 

W.  D.,  assistant,  boll-weevil  investigations,  Entomology 34 

Pinney ,  F.  S. ,  special  field  agent,  Statistics 44 

Piper,  C.  V.,  agrostologist,  in  charge  forage-crop  investigations,  Plant  Industry.  17 

Pittier,  Henry,  agent,  crop-plant  acclimatization,  Plant  Industry 16 

Plant  breeding,  alkali,  and   drought-resistant  investigations,  Plant  Industry, 

work 17-18 

investigations,  Plant  Industry,  work 15 

fermentation,  etc.,  Plant  Industry,  work 16 

Industry  Bureau,  divisions,  officials,  work 14 

introduction,  foreign,  etc.,  Plant  Industry,  work 20 

nutrition  investigations,  etc. ,  Plant  Industry,  work 17 

pathology  laboratory,  Plant  Industry,  work 14 

Physiological  Chemistry  Section,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work 32 

physiology,  etc.,  Plant  Industry,  work 16 

Plath,  C.  H.,  assistant,  dry-land  agriculture  work,  Plant  Industry 19 

Plummer,  Fred  G.,  Chief,  geography  office,  operation  branch,  Forest  Service. . .  22 
Pohlers,  G.  F.,  draftsman,  irrigation  investigations  and  drainage  investiga- 
tions, Experiment  Stations 50 

Poisonous-plant  investigations,  etc.,  Plant  Industry,  work 16 

Pomeroy,  C.  S.,  expert,  field  investigations  in  pomology,  Plant  Industry 19 

Pomological  collections,  Plant  Industry,  work 19 

Pomology,  field  investigations,  Plant  Industry,  work 19 

Pope,  W.  B.,  assistant,  insecticide  laboratory,  Chemistry 28 

Popenoe,  C.  H.,  assistant,  truck-crop  insect  investigations,  Entomology 37 

Porto  Rico  Experiment  Station,  work 48 

Potter,  A.  A.,  assistant  pathologist,  grain  investigations,  Plant  Industry 

Albert  F.,  associate  forester,  in  charge  grazing  branch,  Forest  Service. .  20, 23 


68         OI;<;.\M/A  I  ION   or  ni!'\  OF  A<;i;irt  \  :-ai. 

Page. 
Pratt.  15.  B  ..scientific  assistant,  field  wotfc  iajpoiyMlfMy.  Plant  Industry  ......        lit 

Pr.-Muii.  J.  !•'..  a--i-tant  district  forester,  .i^mi.-itiun  <ti  land 

Trier.  T.  M  .  In  Cham  Central  meal  in-pi-ciiou  laboratory.  Animal  Indii-iry  .  .          11 

Prinnn;,'  and  publication  work.  ad\  \~»r\  committee,  memben  and  diitic-  ..... 

Pritchard.  P.X,  a*i0tant  pathologist,  cotton  and  truck  diseaa  du-;ry.        15 

Proctor.  W     F..  Stale  a,<;ent.    farmer-'  demon-'.ration  \\ork.    I'laiil    In<>  18 

Production  and  Distribution  J>i\i,-i<  n,  Statistics.  \n  ik  .... 

fooducta  branch,  Fore.-i  Sei\i.e,  work.  ......... 

Ollue.  ai  quisiti'.n  of  lands  under  Weeks  l.a\\                                        ;  _•:, 

Pryor.  \V.  L.,  special  lield  ai'ent.  Slali-ii.  -    ................                                ...  •!  l 

Public  Roads  (Mlice.  divisions.  oi!i,-ial.v  \s<  i  k  .............. 

Publications,  distribution.  Publications  lij\  i.-ion,  work  ......................  42 

l>i  vision.  oUicials  and  duties  ...................................  41 

\\  father  r.ureaii,  work  ..............................  8 

Pur8.>ell,  Ulysses  G.,  secti..  n  <lirect(.r,  Weather  BttMatl,  Minnea|.n]is.  Minn....  10 

l^uaintance.    A.    L.,    in   charge  deciduous-fruit.*    inxe.-tiuatinn-.    Knt<.  nidify; 
member  insert  icide  and  iiinuicidcf  board  ....................... 

Quarantine  acts,  enforcement  .............................................  ! 

I>i\  -isimi.  Animal  Industry,  work  ................................. 

Quicksall,  J.  L.,  State  agent,  farmers'  demonstration  work.  Plant  Industry  ____        18 


Rabak,  Frank,  chemical  hi.do^ist.  dnijr-j.hnit   investifaiions.  Plant  InduMry..  )i; 

Haliild,  Heliner.  in  chaiu'e  of  dairy  1'aniiin.t:  investi.L'ations,  Animal  Industry..  H' 

!{ainsay.  K.  A.,  associate  chief.  Inspection  Division.  Animal  Industry  ______  '.  .  .  U 

Ramsey,  11    .1  .  expert  .  field  investigations  in  pomology.  Plant  Industry  ......  l!) 

Rand.  F.  V.,  scientitic  assistant,  fruit-disease  investigations,  Plant  Industry..  \-> 

Range  investigations,  etc.,  Plant  Industry,  work  ..........................  "  .  .  I* 

Rankin,  J.  O.,  assistant,  field  crops,  Experiment  Stations  .....................  47 

John  M.,  expert,  in  charge  Yarrow  garden,  Maryland,  Plant  Industry.  i'ii 

Ransom,  B.  H.,  chief,  Zoological  Division,  Animal  Industry  ...............  .  .  13 

Rawl,  B.  H.,  chief,  Dairy  Division,  Animal  Industry  ........................  12 

Read,  Effie  A.,  assistant,  microi  -hemical  laboratory,  <  'hemistry  ...............  30 

Reckn;i'.'el.  A.  1J.,  assistant  distritt  forester.  a<-<|tii.xition  of  lands,  Forest  Scr\  i. 

Reed,  0.  A.,  special  aicm.  tirld  investigations  in  pomology,  Plant  Industry  .  .  19 

E.  O.,  assistant,  leather  and  paj  er  laboratory.  Chemistry  ............  ....  30 

Franklin  W.,  forest  inspector,  operation  branch,  Forest  Service  .........  L'L' 

J.  B.,  assistant,  water  laboratory.  Miscellaneous  Division,  Chemistry.  .  .  :> 

Reed,  J.  F.,  assistant,  cotton  and  truck  diseases,  Plant  Industry  .........  "...  15 

Jos.  F.,  assistant,  congressional  seed  distribution.  Plant  Industry  .......  20 

Reeder,  George,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  <  'olumbia.  Mo  .....  '.  .......  10 

Reese,  H.  H.,  assistant,  Animal  Husbandry,  Animal  Industry  ................  11 

Reeves,  George  I.,  assistant,  cereal  and  forage-insect  invest  Ration,  Kntomol,  -L:>  -.  35 

Referee  board,  consulting  scientific  experts,  members  and  duties  ..........  ...  "•  1 

Reid,  F.  R.,  assistant,  fertility  investigations,  Soils  ...........................  33 

Remsen,  Ira.  chairman,  referee  board  of  consulting  scientific  experts  ..........  51 

Research  and  Reference  Division,  Statistics  of  work  ......................... 

Rhoads,  H.  M.,  special  field  agent,  Statistics  ................................  4-} 

Rice,  A.  G.,  chief  clerk,  Soils  Bureau  .......................................  :L' 

T.  D.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey  ......................................  .... 

Richardson,  J.  W.,  special  field  agent,  Statistics  .............................  44 

Richey,  E.  C.,  assistant,  grain  standardization,  Plant  Industry  ...............  1C 

Rickards,  J.  E.,  special  field  agent  .  Statistics  ................  "  ................  44 

Ricker,  P.  L.,  assistant  botanist,  taxonomic  investigations,  Plant  Industry  ____  18 

Rieger,  J.  B.,  assistant,  Drugs  Division,  Chemistry  ................ 

Riley,  E.  H.,  assistant,  Animal  Husbandry,  Animal  Industry  ................  11 

J.  G.,  assistant,  food  inspection  laboratory,  Chemistry  ..................  _'i; 

Smith,  district  forester,  Denver,  Colo.,  Forest  Servici-  .................  L'  i 

Ringland,  A.  C.,  district  forester,  Albuouerque,  N.  Mex.,  Forest  Sen-ice  ......  _  I 

Rittiif.  F   (  ..  assistant,  cotton  and  truck  diseases,  Plant  Industry  ............. 

Kit/man.  F.  (i..  animal  husbandman,  Porto  Rico  Experiment  Station  ........ 

River  and  \-'l«»\  Division.  Weather  P.ureau.  work  ...........................  7 

Pvixiord.  <i.  P  ..  expert,  cmp  physiology  and  breeding,  Plant  Industry  .........  15 

Is,  Public,  Office,  divisions,  officials,  work  ....................  .  .........  50-52 

Roark,  R.  C.,  assistant,  insecticide  laboratory,  Chemistry  ....................  28 


INDEX.  69 

Page. 

Roberts,  J.  W.,  scientific  assistant,  fruit-disease  investigations,  Plant  Industry.  15 

Orris,  W.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Bismarck,  N.  Dak 10 

R.  W. ,  appointment  clerk,  duties 2 

Robertson,  F.  E.,  scientific  assistant,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 18 

H.  C.,  jr.,  assistant,  food  research  laboratory,  Chemistry 29 

R.    D.,   assistant  engineer,   irrigation  investigations,   Experiment 

Stations 49 

Robinson,  W.  O.,  assistant,  laboratories,  Soils 33 

Rockwell,  J.  E.,  editor,  Plant  Industry ". 14 

W.  L.,  in  charge  Texas  irrigation  investigations,  Experiment  Stations  49 

Rogers,  D.  M.,  in  charge,  gipsy-moth  field  work,  investigation,  Entomology...  39 

J.  S.,  assistant,  leather  and  paper  laboratory,  Chemistry 30 

L.  A.,  in  charge  of  dairy  products  investigations,  Animal  Industry 12 

P.  A.,  member  crop  reporting  board,  Statistics 44 

Rohwer,  S.  A.,  assistant,  forest  insect  investigations.  Entomology 38 

Rommel,  George  M.,  chief,  Animal  Husbandry  Division,  Animal  Industry 11 

Roop,  A.  H.,  chief  inspector,  branch  meat-inspection  laboratory,  Animal  In- 
dustry  •  11 

Root,  Clarence  J.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Springfield,  111 9 

Ross,  A.  B.,  agent,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 18 

John  F.,  farm  superintendent,  grain  investigations,  Plant  Industry 17 

S.  H.,  chief,  inspection  laboratory,  Omaha,  Chemistry  Bureau 26 

Rothrock,  Philip,  assistant,  grain  standardization,  Plant  Industry 16 

Russell,  C.  A.,  assistant,  grain  standardization,  Plant  Industry 16 

H.  M.,  assistant,  truck-crop  insect  investigations,  Entomology 37 

Sackett,  H.  S.,  in  charge  wood  utilization,  products  branch,  Forest  Service...  24 

Safford,  W.  E.,  assistant  curator,  taxonomic  investigations,  Plant  Industry 18 

Sahr,  C.  A.,  assistant  in  agronomy,  Hawaii  Experiment  Station 48 

Salant.  Wm.,  chief  pharmacological  laboratory,  Chemistry 27 

Sale,  J.  W.,  assistant,  water  laboratory,  Miscellaneous  Division,  Chemistry 28 

Salisbury,  George  N.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Seattle,  Wash 10 

Salmon,  Cecil,  physiologist,  grain  investigations,  Plant  Industry 17 

Sammet,  C.  F.,  assistant,  leather  and  paper  laboratory,  Chemistry 30 

Sandy,  T.  O.,  State  agent,  farmers'  demonstration  work,  Plant  Industry 18 

Sargent,  Paul  D.,  assistant  director,  Public  Roads  Office ". 50 

Satire,  A.  M.,  assistant,  grain  standardization,  Plant  Industry 16 

Saunders,  D.  A.,  agent,  crop-plant  acclimatization,  Plant  Industry 16 

Savage,  E.  M.,  assistant  plant  breeder,  crop  physiology  and  breeding,  Plant 

Industry 15 

F.  W.,  special  agent,  crop  physiology  and  breeding,  Plant  Industry...  15 

Savely,  H.  E.,  general  agent,  farmers'  demonstration  work,  Plant  Industry 18 

Scales,  F.  M.,  scientific  assistant,  soil  bacteriology,  Plant  Industry 15 

Scherffius,  B.  F.,  expert,  tobacco  investigations,  Plant  Industry 17 

Schlick,  W.  J.,  assistant  engineer,  drainage  investigations,  Experiment  Stations  50 

Schmidt,  G.  C.,  assistant,  contracts  laboratory,  Chemistry 29 

Richard,  expert,  field  investigations  in  pomology,  Plant  Industry. . .  19 

Schneider,  B.  B.,  assistant,  dairy  laboratory,  Chemistry 29 

Charles  F.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.  10 

Schools,  relations  with  Experiment  Stations  Office,  work 48 

Schreiber,  Herman,  special  investigations,  Chemistry 32 

Schreiner,  Oswald,  scientist,  in  charge,  fertility  investigations,  Soils  Bureau..  33 

Schroeder,  E.G.,  superintendent  experiment  station,  Animal  Industry 14 

Schulte,  J.  I.,  assistant  field  crops,  Experiment  Stations 47 

Schulz,  H.  L.,  chief,  inspection  laboratory,  Detroit,  Chemistry  Bureau 26 

Scobey,  Fred  C.,  in  charge,  Wyoming  irrigation  investigations,  Experiment 

Stations 49 

Scofield,  Carl  S.,  agriculturist  in  charge,  western  agriculture  extension,  Plant 

Industry 19 

Scott,  James  H.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Vicksburg,  Miss 10 

Leo  B.,  expert,  field  investigations  in  pomology,  Plant  Industry 19 

W.  M.,  pathologist,  Plant  Industry 15 

Searles,  Stanley,  assistant  editor,  Publications 42 

Secretary  of  Agriculture,  authority  and  duties 1-2 

Office,  officials  and  work 1-3 

Seed  distribution,  congressional,  Plant  Industry,  work 20 

introduction,  foreign,  etc. ,  Plant  Industry,  work 20 


70  ORGANIZATION   OF  DEPAl:  I'M  i  .  N  T  OF   AGRICULTURE, 

Page. 

Seed-teeting  laboratories,  Plant  Industry,  work 16-17 

Seth,  J.  O.,  law  otlirrr  in  tii-ld,  Forest  S.-rvico 5 

Seyboth,  Robert,  chief,  Division  of  Sullies,  Weather  Bureau 

Shafer,  F.  F.,  drainage  en^in* •••! -.  Kxpcrimcnt  Stations  Office 50 

Shamel,  A.  D.,  physiologist,  li<-l<l  in  vi-.-t  illations  in  DOtaeiafJ.  Plant  Industry. .        19 
Shunt/.,  H.  L.,  physiologist,  alkali  plant-breeding  investigations,  Plant  Indus- 
try         18 

Shaw,  C.  F.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 

E.  L.,  assistant,' Animal  Husbandry 

H.  B.,  assistant  pathologist,  cotton  and  truck  diseases,  Plant  Industry.. 

T.  C.,  special  field  agent,  Statistics 44 

Shear,  C.  I...  pathologist.  Plant  Industry 15 

W.  V.,  scientific  assistant,  Arlington  Farm,  Plant  Industry 20 

Shepard,  Anna  B.,  scientific  assistant,  seed  testing,  Plant  Industry 

Sherman,  E.  A.,  district  forester,  Forest  Service,  Ogden,  Utah 24 

Sherwood,  S.  F.,  assistant,  sugar  laboratory,  Chemistry 

Shively,  R.  R.,  assistant,  Drugs  Division,  Chemistry 28 

Shoemaker,  D.  N.,  expert,  Arlington  Farm,  Plant  Industry 

Shorey,  E.  C.,  assistant,  fcrt iiit y  investigations,  Soils 

Shall,  J.  M.,  expert,  fruit-disease  investigations,  Plant  Industry 

Sievers,  A.  F.,  chemical  biologist,  drug-plant  investigations,  Plant  Industry.. .        16 

Silcox,  F.  A.,  district  forester,  Forest  Service,  Missoula,  Mont 

Silvics  office,  silviculture  branch,  Forest  Service,  work 

Silviculture  branch,  Forest  Service,  work 23 

office,  acquisition  of  lands  under  Weeks  Law.  Forest  Service,  work 

Simmonds,  Edward,  in  charge  subtropical  garden,  Florida,  Plant  Industry 20 

Sirrine,  Emma  F.,  scientific  assistant,  seed-testing,  Plant  Industry 

Skeels,  H.  C.,  scientific  assistant,  plant  introduction,  Plant  Industry 

Skinner,  J.  J.,  assistant,  fertility  investigations,  Soils 

W.  W.,  chief,  water  laboratory,  Miscellaneous  Division,  Chemistry  . .         28 
Slaughter,  J.  Pemberton,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Oklahoma,  Okla. .        10 

Sloan,  W.  G.,  engineer,  drainage  investigations,  Experiment  Stations 50 

Slocum,  Rob  R.,  assistant,  Animal  Husbandry,  Animal  Industry 

Smith,  A.  G.,  scientific  assistant,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 

A.  W.,  executive  officer,  insecticide  and  fungicide  board 52 

B.  H.,  chief,  inspection  laboratory,  Boston,  Chemistry  Bureau 26 

C.  B.,  agriculturist,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 

C.  M.,  assistant,  insecticide  laboratory,  Chemistry 28 

C.  S. ,  assistant  district  forester,  acquisition  of  lands,  Forest  Service 25 

Erwin  F.,  pathologist  in  charge,  laboratory  of  plant  pathology,  Plant 

Industry 

H.  C.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 

Herbert  A.,  editor,  Forest  Service 

J.  G.,  assistant,  laboratories,  Soil 

J.  Warren,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau.  Columbus,  Ohio 10 

John  W.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Boston,  Mass 10 

Theobald,  member  referee  board  consulting  scientific  experts 51 

W.   B.,   chief  inspector,  branch  meat-inspection    laboratory,  Animal 

Industry 

W.  G.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 

Smither,  F.  W.,  assistant,  contracts  laboratory,  Chemistry 29 

Smyth,  Patrick  H.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Montgomery,  Ala 

Snodgrass,  M.  D.,  assistant,  Kodiak,  Alaska,  Experiment  Station 48 

Snowden,  Mason,  State  agent,  fanners'  demonstation  work,  Plant  Industry  — 

Snyder,  Charles  E.,  assistant,  Animal  Husbandry,  Animal  Industry 

T.  F.,  assistant,  forest -insect  investigations,  Entomology 

Soil-bacteriology  investigations,  Plant  Industry,  work 

survey,  Soils  Bureau,  work 

Soils  Bureau,  divisions,  officials,  work 32-33 

Solicitor,  Office,  officials,  work '. 3-5 

Spaulding,  Perley,  pathologist,  forest  pathology.  Plant  Industry 

•i,  C.  F.,  assistant,  leather  an«i  pa;  er  laboratory,  Chemistry 30 

Spillman,  W.  J.,  agriculturist  in  charge,  farm-management  investigations,  Plant 

Industry 

Squire,  Charles  II.,  in  charge  occupancy  office,  lands  branch,  Forest  Service  . . 

St.  John,  E.  Q.,  assistant,  food  research  laboratory,  Chemistry 

Stafford,  M.  O.,  assistant,  Drugs  Dhision.  <  'hemistry 28 


INDEX.  71 

Page. 

Staley,  W.  D. ,  law  officer  in  field,  Forest  Service       

Stallinga,  B.  D.,  editor  and  assistant  chief,  Publications     ..... . . . . 

Stanford  E    A..,  scientific  assistant,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry. ....... 

Stanley,  F.  W.,  in  charge,  Nebraska  and  South  Dakota  irrigation  investigations, 

Experiment  Stations -  -  -  -. -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  - 

Stanton,  T.  R.,  agent,  grain  investigations,  Plant  Industry -  -  -  -         " 

Stark,  C.  C.  assistant,  laboratories,  Soils 

Statistics  Bureau,  divisions,  officials,  and  duties. .  ------- 

Steddom,  Rice  P.,  chief,  inspection  division,  Animal  Industry  

Stedman,  J.  M.,  assistant,  farmers'  institute  work,  Experiment  Stations. . 
Stephens,  J.  M. ,  farm  superintendent,  dry-land  agriculture  work,  Plant  Industry .         19 
Stephenson,  C.  H.,  assistant,  microchemical  laboratory,  Chemistry... 
Stiles  G  W. ,  jr. ,  in  charge,  bacteriological  chemistry  section,  Chemistry  Bureau .        61 
Stockberger,  W.  W.,  physiologist,  drug-plant  investigations,  Plant  Industry. .. 
Stockman,  William  B.,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Honolulu,  Hawaii. 
Stout,  O.  V.  P.,  collaborator  Nebraska  irrigation  investigations,  Expenment 

Stations -. •• :••:•• 

Stover,  A.  P. ,  in  charge,  Oregon  irrigation  investigations,  Expenment  Stations. .        4y 

Strahorn,  A.  T.,  assistant.  Soil  Survey A-".-" 

Straughn,  M.  X.,  assistant,  sugar  laboratory,  and  special  investigations,  Cnem- 

Street "6!  J."  scientific  assistant,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry 

Stuart,  R.  Y.,  assistant  district  forester,  acquisition  of  lands,  lorest  Service. . .         £> 

William,  expert,  Arlington  Farm,  Plant  Industry -  -  -  - 

Stubenrauch,  A.  V.,  expert  in  charge  field  investigations  in  Pomology,  Plant 

Stunz"  Stephen  C.,  "botanical  assistant,  plant  introduction,  Plant  Industry. .  20 

Sudworth,  George  B.,  dendrologist,  Forest  Service 1 *| 

Sugar  laboratory,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work i* 

Sugar-plant  investigations,  Plant  Industry,  work 

Sullivan,  A.  L..  assistant,  food -inspection  laboratory,  Chemistry 

M.  X.',  assistant,  fertility  investigations,  Soils •« 

Supplies  Division,  Weather  Bureau,  work j» 

Supply  Division,  Department  work -  -  -  - z~6 

Swan,  O.  T.,  in  charge  of  Washington  office,  products  branch,  Forest  Service. .         ^ 
Swanger,  C.  H.,  chief  inspector,  branch  meat-inspection  laboratory,  Animal 

Industry „« 

Sweet,  A.  T.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -         ^ 

Swingle,  W'alter  T. ,  physiologist  in  charge  crop  physiology,  etc. ,  Plant  Industry .         10 

Synthetic  products  laboratory,  Drugs  Division,  Chemistry  Bureau,  work ^ 

9j! 

Tabor,  W.  C.,  assistant,  food -inspection  laboratory,  Chemistry 26 

Tait,  C.  E.,  in  charge,  southern  California  irrigation  investigations,  Experiment 

Stations 49 

Talman,  Charles  F.,  librarian,  Weather  Bureau 

Tastet,  W.  F.,  chief  clerk,  Entomology  Bureau 

Tate,  H.  D.,  State  agent,  farmers'  demonstration  work,  Plant  Industry 

Taxonomic  investigations,  etc. ,  Plant  Industry,  work 

Taylor,  A.  E.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey : 

Alonzo  E.,  member  referee  board  of  consulting  scientific  experts 

William  A.,  pomologist  and  assistant  chief,  Plant  Industry  ......... 

Teele    R.  P.,  assistant   chief,  irrigation  investigations.  Experiment   Stations 

Office 4l 

Telegraph  Division,  Weather  Bureau,  work 8 

Tharp,  W.  E.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey 

Thiessen,  Alfred  H.,  editor  climatological  district  10,  Weather  Bureau;  section 

director,  Salt  Lake,  Utah. ! - 

Thomas,  Levi  M.,  assistant,  grain  standardization,  Plant  Industry 


Thompson,  Alice  R. ,  assistant  chemist,  Hawaii  Experiment  Station 48 

F.  C.,  fiscal  agent,  Forest  Service,  San  Francisco,  Cal 

H.  i '..  expert,  Arlington  Farm,  Plant  Industry 

Harry,  expert,  farm  management ,  Plant  Industry 

J.  B.',  in  charge  Guam  Experiment  Station 48 

James,  expert,  drug-plant  investigations,  Plant  Industry —         Ifi 

S.  C.,  in  charge  of  dairy  manufacturing  investigations,  Animal 

Industrv. .  12 


7J          OBGANIZATIOfi    OF  DI.I-.M;  i  .\i  !..\  r  nr  &QBIOULTUBE,   lull. 

Fat*. 

Thciin  ......    I.    II  ,  sdentific  assistant,  farm  management,  Plant  Industry  ......        18 

Thvseil.  .1  tent,  dry-land  agriculture,  work,  Plknl  induMr\  ..'  ........        i<» 

Tides  i  ro  m.  Ivar,  aasiatant  botanist,  taxonorui<  P    n't  Industry.. 

Tillman,  B   W.,  assistant  edit.,;.  Cxpeiisoent  Station!  .......  ....       47 

Tobacco  in\e.-'  etc.,  Plant  Industry,  work    .........................        17 

T'tlm.m,   I.    M   .  <  :n.'i.  !'.•  id-in.-pci-i  jon  laboratory  ,  (  heim   ir\    Bureau  ......  L'li 

r,  w    \   ,  entomologist,  Porto  Rico  Experiment  Kl 

Town-Mid.  \\    K.,  expert.  western  agricultural  extension,  Plant  ludu.-ti\  .....         i;» 
Tracy.  J.  I  :  Y.  .!    Buperintendent,    cou-ivssional    seed    distribution, 

I'laiil   Industry  ................................. 

\V.  W.,  ST.,  superintendent    \e-et.  oMe-ie.-.iini,'  Amiens,  Arlington   Farm. 

Plant  I  ndiisiry  .........................  L<0 

Trade  \\asle  laboratory.  Mi.--.-ll  .....  .11.  I'lu-mislry  |{iin-;iu.  work  .....          L'S 

Traiim.  .lai-nli,  assisiaiil  in  aniinal  l>acl(>rii>l»<4\  ,  Animal  lmln<lt\  |;{ 

Section,  «  in-n.  m  ..'  ...........  ;{j 

Trowbndce,  G.  E.,  law  officer  IQ  field,  Foroet  Servi  •  ..............         5 

Truck-crop  disca.sc.x,  I'lant  Indii.slry,  v.  urk  ........................  15 

True.  A.  (  '.,  (lin-clnr.  Kx|»criinnil  Slat  j.ms  (  Mlirr  .......................... 

•  inrdnn   II..  c.,|lal)(.ralor.    .\c\ada    irriiratimi  invoiiuMli'm-.    lv\jn-riii..-ni 


II..  pli\>i<il..iu'i.-<i  in  diar-f  driiy-planl  invc.-iiu'alinn.-.  etc.,  Plant 
Industry  .......................................  .  ic, 

Turrnilinr,  .1.  \\  ..  assistant,  lalmralnrics.  Soils  .........................  '.'.',*.'. 


r,  11.  J.  ('.,  assistant  a-r.>n'.nii.-i.  -riin  invc.sli^'tinns,  I'lant  IixluMry.  17 
UrbanowiCS,  .1.  A.,  fiscal  agent.  Mi.-.-..ul:,.  M,,nt..   F<,n-.-i    Service  scctinn. 

counts  Division  .................................................  40 

Van  Duyne,  ('..  assistant.  Soil  Survey  .....................................  33 

Fleet.  Walter,  expert,  drug-ph)  ill  iiive.-ii-alioiis.  Plant  Industry  .......  K; 

Vanatla,  K.  S.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey  ..............................  '  ..........  33 

Veilimayer,  Frank  J.,  scientific  aafiiMant.  patliol.^ical  collcetions.  Plan:  Indus- 

try .........................................................  14 

Voitch,  F.  P.,  chief,  leather  and  paper  laboratory.  Chemistry  Bureau  .........  29 

Vinall,  H.  N.,  assistant  agrostolos:ist.  forage-en  >p'  work,  I'lant  Indu.-try  .........  17 

Wade,  N.  1J.,  assistant  engineer,  drainage  investi^alions,  Kxperimeiit  Stations.  50 

Waggaman,  W.  H.,  assistant,  laboratories.  Soils  ................  ;{;{ 

Waha,  A.  0.,  aasietant  district  forester,  acquisition  of  lands,  Forest  Service.  .  '.'.  I'l 
Waite,  Merton  B.,  patliologist    in    charge  fruit-disease    inve.-'ii.'ati..n-.    I'lant 

Industry;  member  insecticide  and  fungicide  hoard  .............  14  52 

Waldrop,  C.  S.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey....  .......................... 

Walker.  P.  11..  chief,  contracts  laboratory.  Chemistry  P.ureau  ............  .....  28 

Walter.  II.  I...  assistant,  cattle-food  and  ^ra  in  laboratory,  chemistry  ..........  28 

Wai/,,  Ferdinand  J.,  editor  climatological  district    9;  flection  d  uis- 

ville.  Ky.,  \\eatlier  P.ureau  ...............................................  10 

Ward,  W.  F.,  assistant,  Animal  Husbandry,  Animal  Industry  ........  .....  1  1 

Warren,  O.  tt.,  drainage  engineer,  Experiment  Stations  Office  ............  .".."."  50 

Washburn,  Henry  J.,  senior  bacteriologist,  Animal  Indu.-try  ...............  .  .  13 

Water  Laboratory,  Miscellaneous  Division.  Chemistry  P.ureau,  work  ____  .  ..  L'S 

purification  investigations.  Plant  lndu>liy.  wori.                    ..........  ,','  15 

Watkius,  II.  K..  scientific  assistant,  field  work  in  pomology.  Plant  Industrv  1!> 

Watson,  E.  B.t  assistant.  Soil  Survey  ...................                         ....  33 

Weather  Bureau,  divisions,  officials.'  work  ..........................  .  .  ..  5-10 

Section.  Acfount<  Division,  work  ........................  40 

stations  a'lul  work  oiii.vid,.  \\a-hiimlon.  I).  C  ................  9-10 

Webb,  J.^I;.,  assistant,  forest  insect  investigations.  Kntornol.^y  ................  38 

\\eber,  F.  C..  in  charge,  animal    pli\.~ioI,,._M(-;,l    (  hemistr\    sertion     Chenii<ti\ 

Bureau  .............................................  '  ;i  j 

Webster,  F.  M.,  in  charge  cereal  and  forage  -in.-  e<t  investigation.  Entomoiogyl  34 

WeekB  law.  acquisition  of  lands.  Forest  Scrvi.-e.  work  of  .11.  _'J-25 

Weir,  \\  .  \\'.,  engineer,  drainage  investigations,  Fxp'iin.ei.t  stati.  DI  .........  :.o 

Wells,  Edward  L.,  section  director.  Weath.-r  Bm.au.  Boise.  Idaho.    .    .  9 

Western  agricultural  extension.  Plant   Industry,  work                               ........  19 

Westgate.J.  M.,  agroii'.  mist,  forage-crop  investigations,  Plant  Industrv   '  17 

Westover,  II.  L.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey  ....................  33 


INDEX. 

Page. 


Whitaker,  George  M,  in  charge  of  market  milk  investigations,  Animal  Industry . 

Whitcomb,  W.  O.,  assistant,  dry-land  agriculture  work,  Plant  Industry 

White,  B.  C.,  special  field  agent,  Statistics......... -  - ** 

G   F    bacteriologist,  bee-disease  investigations,  Entomology •}» 

Whitney,  Milton,  soil  physicist  and  chief,  Soils  Bureau 

Wight  W   F    botanist,  taxonomic  investigations,  Plant  Industry 

Wilcox,  E.  V.,  in  charge  Hawaii  Experiment  Station 

wile^ey^8^^  25'  58 

Wilku's,  A.  J.,  assistant,  Sitka,  Alaska  Experiment  Station 

Williams  Henry  E.,  Assistant  Chief,  Weather  Bureau. .  -------- -  -  -  ••••• JZ 

[   W     State  agent,  farmers'  demonstration  work,  Plant  Industry. . . 

John  O.,  assistant,  Animal  Husbandry,  Animal  Industry 11 

L  S  ,  in  charge  illustrations,  Publications -  -  -  -  - .- 

Milo  B.,  in  charge  humid  section  irrigation  investigation,    i^xpei          ^ 

ment  Stations • ,-  -  -  -  - •  — .-  —  •  ~:.~ '.; '  V 

R.  W.,  jr.,  assistant  in  charge  of  law  work  of  Forest  Service,  Sohc  g 

Office --•  •  •  •  -  -  -  -  -  • 

Willier  J   G.,  scientific  assistant,  corn  investigations  Plant  Industry i/ 

Wilson,  C.  P.,  assistant,  food-technology  laboratory,  Chemistry jo 

James,  Secretary  of  Agriculture,  authority  and  duties.. ........... :-- 

Jasper,  private  secretary  to  Secretary  of  Agriculture;  member  build  ^ 

committee V  ~™"~  IV ~i"l i« 

R  S     State  agent,  farmers'  demonstration  work,  Plant  Industry IB 

Wilfo'rdM.,  section  director  and  editor,  Ithaca,  N.  Y.,  Weather  Bureau.  10 

Winckelmann,  H.,  assistant,  fertility  investigations,  Soils *» 

Winston,  R.  A.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey -  -  -  -  - :  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  - * 

Winton  A  L.,  chief,  inspection  laboratory,  Chicago,  Chemistry  Bureau 

Withers,  W.  A.,  member  crop  reporting  board,  Statistics ** 

Witmer  E  ,  assistant,  food  research  laboratory,  Chemistry ™ 

Woglum,  R.  S.,  hydrocyanic-acid  gas  investigation  Entomology ™ 

Wolf,  F.  A.,  expert,  cotton  and  truck  diseases,  Plant  Industry AO 

Wood,  P.  O.,  assistant,  Soil  Survey ...... 

utilization,  products  branch,  Forest  Service,  work f* 

Woodbury,  T.  D.,  assistant  district  forester,  Forest  Service.  -------- 

Wooden,  Morris,  associate  chief,  Inspection  Division,  Animal  Industry  ... ...  JU 

Woodward   S.  M.,  engineer,  drainage  investigations,  Experiment  Stations.... 

Woodworth,  J.  E.,  special  field  agent,  Statistics.. :•?  —  •::•  •yy''*! o'^"'  K 

Woolsey  T.  S.,  jr.  assistant  district  forester,  acquisition  of  lands,  Forest  Service.  25 
Wooton,  E.  O.,  assistant  curator,  farm  management,  Plant  Indui 

Wright   R   C.,  scientific  assistant,  soil  bacteriology,  Plant  Industry 10 

Wyatt,  W.  Carl,  chief  clerk,  Public  Roads  Office 

Yarnell,  D.  L.,  drainage  engineer,  Experiment  Stations  Office 

Yerby,  Everett  D.,  supervising  auditor,  auditing  section  Accounts      . .   .  - ...  -  *i 

YodeV    P.  A.,  assistant,  plant  physiological  chemistry,  Chemistry  Bureau^  32 

Yohe   H   S.,  senior  clerk  drainage  investigations,  Experiment  Stations  Office.  50 

Young  R  A.,  scientific  assistant,  plant  introduction,  Plant  Industry *> 

"  R  Frank,  section  director,  Weather  Bureau,  Helena,  Mont. iu 

T '  B    scientific  assistant,  drug-plant  investigations,  Plant  Industry. . .  ib 

W.  J.,  assistant,  microchemical  laboratory,  Chemistry  . ......  -  - 

Toungblood,  B.,  assistant  agriculturist,  farm  management,  Plant  Indu 

Zappone,  A.,  chief,  and  disbursing  clerk,  Accounts  and  Disbursements  Division; 

and  chairman  building  committee -  -  -  - •  -  -  '    7 

^ook,  L.  L.,  assistant  physiologist,  corn  investigations,  Plant  Indu  J/ 

•Zoological  Division,  Animal  Industry,  work :"~-"  V  c" ' "  '•"„-" 9q 

2on,  Raphael,  chief  Silvics  Office,  silviculture  branch,  Forest  Service 

O 


